diff --git a/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/htmltoc.py b/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/htmltoc.py
index 0e1b2b5f10..c7a0cfce94 100644
--- a/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/htmltoc.py
+++ b/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/htmltoc.py
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ class HTMLTOCAdder(object):
                 href=css_href)
         body = element(contents, XHTML('body'),
                        attrib={'class': 'calibre_toc'})
-        h1 = element(body, XHTML('h1'),
+        h1 = element(body, XHTML('h2'),
                      attrib={'class': 'calibre_toc_header'})
         h1.text = title
         self.add_toc_level(body, oeb.toc)
diff --git a/src/calibre/ebooks/pdf/render/toc.py b/src/calibre/ebooks/pdf/render/toc.py
index 6534248d86..f1a812ce6f 100644
--- a/src/calibre/ebooks/pdf/render/toc.py
+++ b/src/calibre/ebooks/pdf/render/toc.py
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ __copyright__ = '2013, Kovid Goyal <kovid at kovidgoyal.net>'
 import os
 
 from lxml.html import tostring
-from lxml.html.builder import (HTML, HEAD, BODY, TABLE, TR, TD, H1, STYLE)
+from lxml.html.builder import (HTML, HEAD, BODY, TABLE, TR, TD, H2, STYLE)
 
 def convert_node(toc, table, level, pdf):
     tr = TR(
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ def toc_as_html(toc, pdf, opts):
             )
         ),
         BODY(
-            H1(opts.toc_title or _('Table of Contents')),
+            H2(opts.toc_title or _('Table of Contents')),
             TABLE(),
         )
     )