diff --git a/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/rasterize.py b/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/rasterize.py
index 2dee80c102..e1cec64262 100644
--- a/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/rasterize.py
+++ b/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/rasterize.py
@@ -9,7 +9,6 @@ __copyright__ = '2008, Marshall T. Vandegrift <llasram@gmail.com>'
 import os, re
 from urlparse import urldefrag
 
-from lxml import etree
 from PyQt5.Qt import (
     Qt, QByteArray, QBuffer, QIODevice, QColor, QImage, QPainter, QSvgRenderer)
 from calibre.ebooks.oeb.base import XHTML, XLINK
@@ -171,7 +170,7 @@ class SVGRasterizer(object):
         href = os.path.splitext(item.href)[0] + '.png'
         id, href = manifest.generate(item.id, href)
         manifest.add(id, href, PNG_MIME, data=data)
-        img = etree.Element(XHTML('img'), src=item.relhref(href))
+        img = elem.makeelement(XHTML('img'), src=item.relhref(href))
         elem.getparent().replace(elem, img)
         for prop in ('width', 'height'):
             if prop in elem.attrib:
diff --git a/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/structure.py b/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/structure.py
index 1665b8e61b..192e449dd4 100644
--- a/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/structure.py
+++ b/src/calibre/ebooks/oeb/transforms/structure.py
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ class DetectStructure(object):
                 if chapter_mark == 'none':
                     continue
                 if chapter_mark == 'rule':
-                    mark = etree.Element(XHTML('hr'))
+                    mark = elem.makeelement(XHTML('hr'))
                 elif chapter_mark == 'pagebreak':
                     if c[item] < 3 and at_start(elem):
                         # For the first two elements in this item, check if they
@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ class DetectStructure(object):
                         # feedbooks epubs match both a heading tag and its
                         # containing div with the default chapter expression.
                         continue
-                    mark = etree.Element(XHTML('div'), style=page_break_after)
+                    mark = elem.makeelement(XHTML('div'), style=page_break_after)
                 else:  # chapter_mark == 'both':
-                    mark = etree.Element(XHTML('hr'), style=page_break_before)
+                    mark = elem.makeelement(XHTML('hr'), style=page_break_before)
                 try:
                     elem.addprevious(mark)
                 except TypeError:
@@ -321,5 +321,3 @@ class DetectStructure(object):
                                     level2.add(text, _href,
                                         play_order=self.oeb.toc.next_play_order())
                                 break
-
-