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937 lines
44 KiB
Plaintext
937 lines
44 KiB
Plaintext
Palm Markup Language
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--------------------
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This page explains how to use the Palm Markup Language (PML) to specify
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formatting and other information in a text file for later reading using the
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eReader.
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PML commands start with a backslash, "\", and usually consist of a single
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character after that. Some PML commands are paired, such as those that specify
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italicized text. Other commands are directives, such as the "\p", which
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specifies a page break. PML is not meant to be an industrial-strength markup
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language, but it is easy to understand, easy to parse, and creates high-quality
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electronic books.
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Since PML and Palm DropBook are not without flaws, there is a page of Tips and
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Pitfalls.
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Let's Dive Right In
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-------------------
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palmsample.txt contains examples of formatting text, specifying chapters, etc.
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Use it to start from, or just as an example when making your own books.
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The following table specifies the Palm Markup Language commands, and what
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they do.
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\p New page
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\x New chapter; also causes a new page break.
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Enclose chapter title (and any style codes)
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with \x and \x
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\Xn New chapter, indented n levels (n between 0 and
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4 inclusive) in the Chapter dialog; doesn't
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cause a page break. Enclose chapter title (and
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any style codes) with \Xn and \Xn
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\Cn="Chapter title" Insert "Chapter title" into the chapter
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listing, with level n (like \Xn). The text is
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not shown on the page and does not force a page
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break. This can sometimes be useful to insert a
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chapter mark at the beginning of an
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introduction to the chapter, for example.
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\c Center this block of text; close with \c on
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beginning of line
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\r Right justify text block; close with \r on
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beginning of line
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\i Italicize block; close with \i
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\u Underline block; close with \u
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\o Overstrike block; close with \o
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\v Invisible text; close with \v (can be used for
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comments)
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\t Indent block. Start at beginning of a line,
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close with \t at end of a line
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\T="50%" Indents the specified percentage of the screen
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width, 50% in this case. If the current drawing
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position is already past the specified screen
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location, this tag is ignored.
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\w="50%" Embed a horizontal rule of a given percentage
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width of the screen, in this case 50%. This tag
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causes a line break before and after it. The
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rule is centered. The percent sign is mandatory.
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\n Switch to the "normal" font, which is specified
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by the user
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\s Switch to stdFont; close with \s to revert to
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normal font
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\b Switch to boldFont; close with \b to revert to
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normal font (deprecated; use \B instead)
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\l Switch to largeFont; close with \l to revert to
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normal font
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\B Mark text as bold. Unlike the \b tag, \B
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doesn't change the font, so you can have large
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bold text. You cannot mix \b and \B in the same
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PML file.
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\Sp Mark text as superscript. Should not be mixed
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with other styles such as bold, italic, etc.
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Enclose superscripted text with \Sp.
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\Sb Mark text as subscript. Should not be mixed
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with other styles such as bold, italic, etc.
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Enclose subscripted text with \Sb.
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\k Make enclosed text into small-caps; close with
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\k. Any characters enclosed in \k tags
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(including those with accents) are made
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uppercase and are rendered at a smaller point
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size than a regular uppercase character.
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\\ Represents a single backslash
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\aXXX Insert non-ASCII character whose Windows 1252
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code is decimal XXX. See the PML character
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table for details.
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\UXXXX Insert non-ASCII character whose Unicode code
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is hexidecimal XXXX. See the Extended PML
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character table for details.
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\m="imagename.png" Insert the named image. See the section on
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Images below.
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\q="#linkanchor"Some text\q Reference a link anchor which is at another
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spot in the document. The string after the
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anchor specification and before the trailing\q
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is underlined or otherwise shown to be a link
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when viewing the document.
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\Q="linkanchor" Specify a link anchor in the document.
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\- Insert a soft hyphen. A soft hyphen shows up
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only if it is necessary to break a word across
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a line.
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\Fn="footnote1"1\Fn Link the "1" to a footnote whose name is
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footnote1, tagged at the end of the PML
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document. See the section on Footnotes and
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Sidebars below.
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\Sd="sidebar1"Sidebar\Sd Link the "Sidebar" text to a sidebar whose name
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is sidebar1, tagged at the end of the PML
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document. See the section on Footnotes and
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Sidebars below.
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\I Mark as a reference index item. Enclose index
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item (and any style codes) with \I and \I. See
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Creating Dictionaries for more information.
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Examples
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--------
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\pThis is a new page
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\xChapter III\x
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\X1Chapter III, part A\X1
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\p\C="Introduction"The following story is one of my favorites...
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\cProperty of
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Gateway Senior High School
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\c
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\rJustify my love
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\r
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This stuff is \ireally\i cool.
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I just read \uMoby Dick.\u
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This is a \obig\o mistake.
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Copyright 1917\v Date of magazine serialization \v
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\tOnce upon a time
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there was a wicked queen
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called Esmerelda.\t
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Mammals:\T="40%"Lions
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\T="40%"Tigers
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\T="40%"Bears
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He walked away.
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\w="80%"
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Later that day, he ran into an old friend.
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\nIn the normal ways...
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The \stitle page\s should be formatted...
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I just \bcan't\b believe that you...
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This \lREALLY\l is a large tiger...
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This \Bbold\B text can be either \l\Blarge bold\B\l or \s\Bsmall bold\B\s.
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e\Spx + 2\Sp = 9
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C\Sb2\SbH\Sb3\SbO\Sb2\Sb should be used in moderation.
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See also \kanteater\k.
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The DOS prompt said "C:\\windows\\"
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The man said \a147Yeah.\a148
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Arrows can point \U2190 left or right \U2192.
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A Yield sign looks like this: \m="yieldsign.png".
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See the \q="#detailedinstructions"Detailed Instructions\q for how to install your eBook.
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\Q="detailedinstructions"\bDetailed Instructions\b - This section
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describes how to install an eBook to your handheld device.
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Very long words like anti\-dis\-establish\-ment\-arian\-ism may benefit from
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the use of soft hyphens.
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The Emerson case\Fn="emerson"[1]\Fn will be very important...
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For more information, see the \Sd="moreinfo"sidebar\Sd.
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\I\Baardvark\B\I \in.\i a large burrowing nocturnal mammal that feeds especially on termites and ants
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Footnotes and Sidebars
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----------------------
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Footnotes and Sidebars are specified with an XML-like syntax at the end of the
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PML document. For example,
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<sidebar id="sidebar1">
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Here's some \itext\i for a sidebar.
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</sidebar>
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would specify the sidebar to be displayed when the user taps on a sidebar link
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in the text that was specified using the \Sd tag.
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Any text or PML placed after the first footnote or sidebar is ignored as part
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of the book text.
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Sidebars and footnotes can include most PML features, but there are some PML
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tags that cannot be used inside of a sidebar or footnote.
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These include
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Chapters \x, \X, \C
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Links \q, \Q
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Footnotes \Fn
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Sidebars \Sd
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See the palmsample.txt file for examples of how to use many of the PML tags.
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Images
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------
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The following rules are intended to guarantee that images in your eBook will be
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viewable on all platforms that eReader runs on.
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On low-resolution Palm OS handhelds, an image wider than 158 pixels or taller
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than 148 pixels will be represented in the text by a thumbnail that the user
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can tap to view the entire image. Images smaller than 158 x 148 will be
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presented in-line with the text.
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On high-resolution Palm OS handhelds (those having screens of 320x320 pixels or
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more), images smaller than 158 by 148 pixels will be pixel-doubled. Images
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larger than 158x148 may be shown in-line with the text, if they will fit on
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the screen.
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On non-Palm OS platforms, small images will be scaled up appropriately. Large
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images will be scaled down to fit on the page; in this case the user can tap on
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the image to view the entire image and zoom in or out.
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For DropBook to find the image, it must be present in a directory whose name
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matches that of the PML text file. For example, if "pmlsample.txt" contains a
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reference to an image called "intro.png", then there must be a directory called
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"pmlsample_img" that contains intro.png. The directory's name is the name of
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the PML file (without the .txt extension) with "_img" appended.
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Images must be in PNG format and cannot be filtered or interlaced. Image depth
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must be 8 bits or less. Any color table may be used for color images.
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Image files must be less than or equal to 65505 bytes in size, since they are
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embedded into the .pdb format of the book; Palm database records are limited to
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65505 bytes in length. Since images are compressed, the actual image displayed
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by the reader may be much larger than 64K.
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Any or all of these restrictions may eventually be removed.
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Adding a Title, Cover Art, and Other Meta-information to Your eBook
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-------------------------------------------------------------------
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DropBook normally presents a dialog in which the title and other information
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for the eBook may be specified. This information may be embedded in the PML
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file instead.
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To specify the eBook title as it will appear in the Open dialog on the
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handheld, place a block of invisible comment text at the beginning of the file
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using \v tags. Inside this comment block, put the string TITLE="My eBook",
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where "My eBook" is replaced with the name of your eBook. It should look
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something like this:
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\vTITLE="Palm Sample Document"\v
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You can also specify the author using the AUTHOR meta-tag, the publisher with
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PUBLISHER, copyright information with COPYRIGHT, and the eBook ISBN with EISBN.
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A fully-specified set of meta-information might appear in PML as:
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\vTITLE="Palm Sample Document" AUTHOR="Sam Morgenstern" PUBLISHER="eReader.com"
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EISBN="X-XXXX-XXXX" COPYRIGHT="Copyright \a169 2004 by Sam Morgenstern"\v
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Cover art: If an image named "cover.png" is present in the eBook, it is assumed
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to be the cover art for the eBook. See the rules for images for sizing and
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other information.
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Some or all of this information may appear in the book information dialog in
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eReader, and may be used for other purposes in future products.
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Creating Dictionaries
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---------------------
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The \I PML tag is used to delimit an index item. Example: \Iaardvark\I
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Each entry must start in the normal font. If DropBook shows an error beginning
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with "No styles permitted before...", there is probably a missing end style tag
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before the text shown in the error message.
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Links, chapters and other PML structures are not permitted in dictionaries.
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Images, however, are.
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A special dictionary entry, "(Front matter)" is shown before other entries in
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the list of entries, and should be used to include pronunciation symbols and
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other front matter.
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Note that use of dictionaries requires eReader Pro.
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Tips and Pitfalls
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-----------------
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This page explains some common mistakes, some bugs in DropBook and/or the
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eReader, and some techniques that will allow you to create quality electronic
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books for the eReader.
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* Check out the Converting to Palm eBooks page for some pointers on
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converting text from various formats into the Palm Markup Language.
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* Use a return at the end of each paragraph, not each line.
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* Using an extra return between paragraphs reads easier than paragraph
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indentation.
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* The eReader doesn't display empty lines at the top of a page. If you need
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to have some "empty" lines at the top of a page, put a space on each line.
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* Don't use tables if you can possibly avoid it.
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None of the fonts that the eReader supports are monospaced, so tables can
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be difficult to represent. Break out the information in another way, or
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use the \T tag, but beware of tables that look great on a Palm OS
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handheld but not on a Pocket PC or vice versa.
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* The Reader breaks lines on spaces, dashes or underscores. This has
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several implications.
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1. Don't fill more than a line with spaces, dashes or underscores.
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There's a bug (which will be fixed in a future release) which
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causes MakeBook to hang on such a line. Note that in the large
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font, the number of spaces, dashes or underscores will be much
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smaller than in the small font.
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2. A string such as He shouted "Wait!--" may place the last quote on
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the beginning of a line, since the line would break after the
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second dash. Prevent this by using the PML string: He shouted
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"Wait!\a150\a150". The non-breaking dash, code 150, will not break
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a line. Use \a160 for a non-breaking space. Even better: use \a151,
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a long dash, instead of two short dashes.
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* The justification codes \c and \r (center and right justification) must
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have closing codes on the beginning of the line following the justified
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text.
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* The indentation tag \t must have a closing tag at the end of a line of
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the indented text.
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* Use \s (small font) in the title page(s) of books to force the page(s) to
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format nicely. Other than that, \n, \s and \l should rarely be necessary;
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the font size used for most text display should be chosen by the user.
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Converting Uncommon Characters to PML
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-------------------------------------
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Use this chart to convert uncommon characters to their Palm Markup Language
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(PML) equivalent. Most characters are simply represented as themselves in PML
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and don't require this chart. But some uncommon characters can only be
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represented in PML by their "\aXXX" syntax. Use this chart to look up that
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"\aXXX" syntax.
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For Example, if you wanted to write the following phrase in PML:
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Copyright © 1999 by Samuel Morgenstern
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In PML, you would write it as:
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Copyright \a169 1999 by Samuel Morgenstern
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Char HTML # Code HTML Char Code PML Char Code Description
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  - Normal space
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! ! - ! Exclamation
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" " " " Double quote
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# # - # Hash
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$ $ - $ Dollar
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% % - % Percent
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& & & & Ampersand
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' ' - ' Apostrophe
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( ( - ( Open bracket
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) ) - ) Close bracket
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* * - * Asterisk
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+ + - + Plus sign
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, , - , Comma
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- - - - Minus sign
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. . - . Period
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/ / - / Forward slash
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0 0 - 0 Digit 0
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1 1 - 1 Digit 1
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2 2 - 2 Digit 2
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3 3 - 3 Digit 3
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4 4 - 4 Digit 4
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5 5 - 5 Digit 5
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6 6 - 6 Digit 6
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7 7 - 7 Digit 7
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8 8 - 8 Digit 8
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9 9 - 9 Digit 9
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: : - : Colon
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; ; - ; Semicolon
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< < < Less than
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= = - = Equals
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> > > Greater than
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? ? - ? Question mark
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@ @ - @ At sign
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A A - A A
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B B - B B
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C C - C C
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D D - D D
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E E - E E
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F F - F F
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G G - G G
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H H - H H
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I I - I I
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J J - J J
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K K - K K
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L L - L L
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M M - M M
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N N - N N
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O O - O O
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P P - P P
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Q Q - Q Q
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R R - R R
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S S - S S
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T T - T T
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U U - U U
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V V - V V
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W W - W W
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X X - X X
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Y Y - Y Y
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Z Z - Z Z
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[ [ - [ Open square bracket
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\ \ - \\ Backslash
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] ] - ] Close square bracket
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^ ^ - ^ Caret
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_ _ - _ Underscore
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` ` - ` Grave accent
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a a - a a
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b b - b b
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c c - c c
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d d - d d
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e e - e e
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f f - f f
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g g - g g
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h h - h h
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i i - i i
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j j - j j
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k k - k k
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l l - l l
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m m - m m
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n n - n n
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o o - o o
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p p - p p
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q q - q q
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r r - r r
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s s - s s
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t t - t t
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u u - u u
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v v - v v
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w w - w w
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x x - x x
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y y - y y
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z z - z z
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{ { - { Left brace
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| | - | Vertical bar
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} } - } Right brace
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~ ~ - ~ Tilde
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  \a160 Non-breaking space
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¡ ¡ \a161 Inverted exclamation
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¢ ¢ \a162 Cent sign
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£ £ \a163 Pound sign
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¤ ¤ \a164 Currency sign
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¥ ¥ \a165 Yen sign
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¦ ¦ \a166 Broken bar
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§ § \a167 Section sign
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¨ ¨ \a168 Umlaut or diaeresis
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© © \a169 Copyright sign
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ª ª \a170 Feminine ordinal
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« « \a171 Left angle quotes
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¬ ¬ \a172 Logical not sign
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­ ­ \a173 Soft hyphen
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® ® \a174 Registered trademark
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¯ ¯ \a175 Spacing macron
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° ° \a176 Degree sign
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± ± \a177 Plus-minus sign
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² ² \a178 Superscript 2
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³ ³ \a179 Superscript 3
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´ ´ \a180 Spacing acute
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µ µ \a181 Micro sign
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¶ ¶ \a182 Paragraph sign
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· · \a183 Middle dot
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¸ ¸ \a184 Spacing cedilla
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¹ ¹ \a185 Superscript 1
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º º \a186 Masculine ordinal
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» » \a187 Right angle quotes
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¼ ¼ \a188 One quarter
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½ ½ \a189 One half
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¾ ¾ \a190 Three quarters
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¿ ¿ \a191 Inverted question mark
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À À \a192 A grave
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Á Á \a193 A acute
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  \a194 A circumflex
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à à \a195 A tilde
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Ä Ä \a196 A diaeresis
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Å Å \a197 A ring
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Æ &Aelig; \a198 AE ligature
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Ç Ç \a199 C cedilla
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È È \a200 E grave
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É É \a201 E acute
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Ê Ê \a202 E circumflex
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Ë Ë \a203 E diaeresis
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Ì Ì \a204 I grave
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Í Í \a205 I acute
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Î Î \a206 I circumflex
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Ï Ï \a207 I diaeresis
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Ð Ð \a208 Eth
|
||
Ñ Ñ \a209 N tilde
|
||
Ò Ò \a210 O grave
|
||
Ó Ó \a211 O acute
|
||
Ô Ô \a212 O circumflex
|
||
Õ Õ \a213 O tilde
|
||
Ö Ö \a214 O diaeresis
|
||
× × \a215 Multiplication sign
|
||
Ø Ø \a216 O slash
|
||
Ù Ù \a217 U grave
|
||
Ú Ú \a218 U acute
|
||
Û Û \a219 U circumflex
|
||
Ü Ü \a220 U diaeresis
|
||
Ý Ý \a221 Y acute
|
||
Þ Þ \a222 THORN
|
||
ß ß \a223 sharp s
|
||
à à \a224 a grave
|
||
á á \a225 a acute
|
||
â â \a226 a circumflex
|
||
ã ã \a227 a tilde
|
||
ä ä \a228 a diaeresis
|
||
å å \a229 a ring
|
||
æ æ \a230 ae ligature
|
||
ç ç \a231 c cedilla
|
||
è è \a232 e grave
|
||
é é \a233 e acute
|
||
ê ê \a234 e circumflex
|
||
ë ë \a235 e diaeresis
|
||
ì ì \a236 i grave
|
||
í í \a237 i acute
|
||
î î \a238 i circumflex
|
||
ï ï \a239 i diaeresis
|
||
ð ð \a240 eth
|
||
ñ ñ \a241 n tilde
|
||
ò ò \a242 o grave
|
||
ó ó \a243 o acute
|
||
ô ô \a244 o circumflex
|
||
õ õ \a245 o tilde
|
||
ö ö \a246 o diaeresis
|
||
÷ ÷ \a247 division sign
|
||
ø ø \a248 o slash
|
||
ù ù \a249 u grave
|
||
ú ú \a250 u acute
|
||
û û \a251 u circumflex
|
||
ü ü \a252 u diaeresis
|
||
ý ý \a253 y acute
|
||
þ þ \a254 thorn
|
||
ÿ ÿ \a255 y diaeresis
|
||
, ‚ ‚ \a130 single low quote
|
||
ƒ ƒ \a131 Scripted f
|
||
„ „ \a132 low quote
|
||
… … \a133 Ellipsis
|
||
† † \a134 Dagger
|
||
‡ &Dagger \a135 Double dagger
|
||
Š Š \a138 Large S w/inverted caret
|
||
< ‹ ‹ \a139 single left angle quote
|
||
ΠΠ\a140 Large combined oe
|
||
‘ ‘ \a145 Open single smart quote
|
||
’ ’ \a146 Close single smart quote
|
||
“ “ \a147 Open double smart quote
|
||
” ” \a148 Close double smart quote
|
||
• • \a149 Bullet
|
||
– – \a150 Small dash (en dash)
|
||
— — \a151 Large dash (em dash)
|
||
™ ™ \a153 Trademark
|
||
š š \a154 Small S w/inverted caret
|
||
> › › \a155 single right angle quote
|
||
œ œ \a156 Small combined oe
|
||
Ÿ Ÿ \a159 Large Y with diaeresis
|
||
|
||
|
||
Extended Character Set
|
||
----------------------
|
||
|
||
In addition to the special characters supported by earlier versions of eReader
|
||
(which can be accessed using the \a### tag), all versions of eReader Pro and
|
||
eReader version 2.4 and later include support for additional special characters
|
||
and symbols. These symbols can be accessed using the \U#### tag, where #### are
|
||
four hexidecimal digits giving the Unicode encoding of the special character.
|
||
|
||
Only the limited subset of Unicode characters given in the table below are
|
||
supported. In addition, some of the characters that are included in the table
|
||
are not present in eReader Pro versions prior to 2.4. To ensure that the
|
||
characters are displayed correctly, books using these tags should be read using
|
||
eReader or eReader Pro version 2.4 or later.
|
||
|
||
On Palm OS handhelds these special symbols are only available in one size,
|
||
matching the "Small" font. For best results on Palm OS handhelds the \U tag
|
||
should only be used inside blocks set to the "Small" font by way of \s tags.
|
||
On Palm OS handhelds these special characters are not affected by the font tags
|
||
(\s, \l, \b and \n), the bold style tag (\B), or the small caps style tag (\k).
|
||
|
||
If the \U characters are not showing up correctly using eReader on your Windows
|
||
desktop or laptop this problem is a result of the fonts for eReader not being
|
||
installed properly. The solution is to go to the directory C:\Windows\Fonts\
|
||
and "double click" on each font that starts with "Maynard". This will open each
|
||
font and allow the system to register it. Close the windows that were opened a
|
||
result of the mouse clicks and the problem should be resolved.
|
||
|
||
Char HTML Code PML Code Description
|
||
|
||
Latin Extended-A
|
||
Ā Ā \U0100 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH MACRON
|
||
ā ā \U0101 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON
|
||
Ă Ă \U0102 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH BREVE
|
||
ă ă \U0103 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH BREVE
|
||
ą ą \U0105 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH OGONEK
|
||
ć ć \U0107 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH ACUTE
|
||
Č Č \U010C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CARON
|
||
č č \U010D LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CARON
|
||
Ē Ē \U0112 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH MACRON
|
||
ē ē \U0113 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON
|
||
ĕ ĕ \U0115 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH BREVE
|
||
ė ė \U0117 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ę ę \U0119 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH OGONEK
|
||
ě ě \U011B LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CARON
|
||
ĝ ĝ \U011D LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
ğ ğ \U011F LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH BREVE
|
||
Ī Ī \U012A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH MACRON
|
||
ī ī \U012B LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH MACRON
|
||
ĭ ĭ \U012D LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH BREVE
|
||
į į \U012F LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH OGONEK
|
||
ı ı \U0131 LATIN SMALL LETTER DOTLESS I
|
||
Ł Ł \U0141 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH STROKE
|
||
ł ł \U0142 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH STROKE
|
||
ń ń \U0144 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH ACUTE
|
||
ň ň \U0148 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH CARON
|
||
ŋ ŋ \U014B LATIN SMALL LETTER ENG
|
||
Ō Ō \U014C LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH MACRON
|
||
ō ō \U014D LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MACRON
|
||
ŏ ŏ \U014F LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH BREVE
|
||
ő ő \U0151 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DOUBLE ACUTE
|
||
ŕ ŕ \U0155 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH ACUTE
|
||
ř ř \U0159 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH CARON
|
||
Ś Ś \U015A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH ACUTE
|
||
ś ś \U015B LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH ACUTE
|
||
ş ş \U015F LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CEDILLA
|
||
ţ ţ \U0163 LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CEDILLA
|
||
ũ ũ \U0169 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH TILDE
|
||
ū ū \U016B LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON
|
||
ŭ ŭ \U016D LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH BREVE
|
||
ŷ ŷ \U0177 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
ź ź \U017A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH ACUTE
|
||
Ž Ž \U017D LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON
|
||
ž ž \U017E LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON
|
||
Latin Extended-B
|
||
ƿ \U01BF LATIN LETTER WYNN
|
||
ǎ \U01CE LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CARON
|
||
ǐ \U01D0 LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CARON
|
||
ǒ \U01D2 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CARON
|
||
ǔ \U01D4 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CARON
|
||
ǡ \U01E1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DOT ABOVE AND MACRON
|
||
ǣ \U01E3 LATIN SMALL LETTER AE WITH MACRON
|
||
ǧ \U01E7 LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH CARON
|
||
ǫ \U01EB LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH OGONEK
|
||
ǰ \U01F0 LATIN SMALL LETTER J WITH CARON
|
||
ȇ \U0207 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH INVERTED BREVE
|
||
ȝ \U021D LATIN SMALL LETTER YOGH
|
||
ȧ \U0227 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ȯ \U022F LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ȳ \U0233 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH MACRON
|
||
IPA Extensions
|
||
ɑ \U0251 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT A
|
||
ɒ \U0252 LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED SCRIPT A
|
||
ɔ \U0254 LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O
|
||
ə \U0259 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA
|
||
ɜ \U025C LATIN SMALL LETTER REVERSED OPEN E
|
||
ɥ \U0265 LATIN LETTER SMALL LETTER TURNED H
|
||
ɪ \U026A LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL I
|
||
ɲ \U0272 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH LEFT HOOK
|
||
ʃ \U0283 LATIN SMALL LETTER ESH
|
||
ʉ \U0289 LATIN SMALL LETTER U BAR
|
||
ʊ \U028A LATIN SMALL LETTER UPSILON
|
||
ʌ \U028C LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED V
|
||
ʏ \U028F LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL Y
|
||
ʒ \U0292 LATIN SMALL LETTER EZH
|
||
ʔ \U0294 LATIN LETTER GLOTTAL STOP
|
||
ʜ \U029C LATIN LETTER SMALL CAPITAL H
|
||
Spacing Modifier Letters
|
||
ʾ \U02BE MODIFIER LETTER RIGHT HALF RING
|
||
ʿ \U02BF MODIFIER LETTER LEFT HALF RING
|
||
ˇ ˇ \U02C7 CARON
|
||
ˈ \U02C8 MODIFIER LETTER VERTICAL LINE
|
||
ˌ \U02CC MODIFIER LETTER LOW VERTICAL LINE
|
||
ː \U02D0 MODIFIER LETTER TRIANGULAR COLON
|
||
˘ ˘ \U02D8 BREVE
|
||
˙ ˙ \U02D9 DOT ABOVE
|
||
Greek and Coptic
|
||
Α Α \U0391 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER ALPHA
|
||
Β Β \U0392 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER BETA
|
||
Γ Γ \U0393 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER GAMMA
|
||
Δ Ε \U0394 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER DELTA
|
||
Ε Ε \U0395 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER EPSILON
|
||
Ζ Ζ \U0396 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER ZETA
|
||
Η Η \U0397 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER ETA
|
||
Θ Θ \U0398 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER THETA
|
||
Ι Ι \U0399 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER IOTA
|
||
Κ Κ \U039A GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER KAPPA
|
||
Λ Λ \U039B GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER LAMBDA
|
||
Μ Μ \U039C GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER MU
|
||
Ν Ν \U039D GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER NU
|
||
Ξ Ξ \U039E GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER XI
|
||
Ο Ο \U039F GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER OMICRON
|
||
Π Π \U03A0 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER PI
|
||
Ρ Ρ \U03A1 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER RHO
|
||
Σ Σ \U03A3 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER SIGMA
|
||
Τ Τ \U03A4 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER TAU
|
||
Υ Υ \U03A5 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER UPSILON
|
||
Φ Φ \U03A6 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER PHI
|
||
Χ Χ \U03A7 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER CHI
|
||
Ψ Ψ \U03A8 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER PSI
|
||
Ω Ω \U03A9 GREEK CAPTIAL LETTER OMEGA
|
||
α α \U03B1 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA
|
||
β β \U03B2 GREEK SMALL LETTER BETA
|
||
γ γ \U03B3 GREEK SMALL LETTER GAMMA
|
||
δ δ \U03B4 GREEK SMALL LETTER DELTA
|
||
ε ε \U03B5 GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON
|
||
ζ ζ \U03B6 GREEK SMALL LETTER ZETA
|
||
η η \U03B7 GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA
|
||
θ θ \U03B8 GREEK SMALL LETTER THETA
|
||
ι ι \U03B9 GREEK SMALL LETTER IOTA
|
||
κ κ \U03BA GREEK SMALL LETTER KAPPA
|
||
λ λ \U03BB GREEK SMALL LETTER LAMBDA
|
||
μ μ \U03BC GREEK SMALL LETTER MU
|
||
ν ν \U03BD GREEK SMALL LETTER NU
|
||
ξ ξ \U03BE GREEK SMALL LETTER XI
|
||
ο ο \U03BF GREEK SMALL LETTER OMICRON
|
||
π π \U03C0 GREEK SMALL LETTER PI
|
||
ρ ρ \U03C1 GREEK SMALL LETTER RHO
|
||
ς ς \U03C2 GREEK SMALL LETTER FINAL SIGMA
|
||
σ σ \U03C3 GREEK SMALL LETTER SIGMA
|
||
τ τ \U03C4 GREEK SMALL LETTER TAU
|
||
υ υ \U03C5 GREEK SMALL LETTER UPSILON
|
||
φ φ \U03C6 GREEK SMALL LETTER PHI
|
||
χ χ \U03C7 GREEK SMALL LETTER CHI
|
||
ψ ψ \U03C8 GREEK SMALL LETTER PSI
|
||
ω ω \U03C9 GREEK SMALL LETTER OMEGA
|
||
ϑ \U03D1 GREEK THETA SYMBOL
|
||
ϝ \U03DD GREEK SMALL LETTER DIGAMMA
|
||
Hebrew
|
||
א א \U05D0 HEBREW LETTER ALEPH
|
||
ב ב \U05D1 HEBREW LETTER BET
|
||
ג ג \U05D2 HEBREW LETTER GIMEL
|
||
ד ד \U05D3 HEBREW LETTER DALET
|
||
ה ה \U05D4 HEBREW LETTER HE
|
||
ו ו \U05D5 HEBREW LETTER VAV
|
||
ז ז \U05D6 HEBREW LETTER ZAYIN
|
||
ח ח \U05D7 HEBREW LETTER HET
|
||
ט ט \U05D8 HEBREW LETTER TET
|
||
י י \U05D9 HEBREW LETTER YOD
|
||
ך ך \U05DA HEBREW LETTER FINAL KAF
|
||
כ כ \U05DB HEBREW LETTER KAF
|
||
ל ל \U05DC HEBREW LETTER LAMED
|
||
ם ם \U05DD HEBREW LETTER FINAL MEM
|
||
מ מ \U05DE HEBREW LETTER MEM
|
||
ן ן \U05DF HEBREW LETTER FINAL NUN
|
||
נ נ \U05E0 HEBREW LETTER NUN
|
||
ס ס \U05E1 HEBREW LETTER SAMEKH
|
||
ע ע \U05E2 HEBREW LETTER AYIN
|
||
ף ף \U05E3 HEBREW LETTER FINAL PE
|
||
פ פ \U05E4 HEBREW LETTER PE
|
||
ץ ץ \U05E5 HEBREW LETTER FINAL TSADI
|
||
צ צ \U05E6 HEBREW LETTER TSADI
|
||
ק ק \U05E7 HEBREW LETTER QOF
|
||
ר ר \U05E8 HEBREW LETTER RESH
|
||
ת ת \U05EA HEBREW LETTER TAV
|
||
Latin Extended Additional
|
||
ḋ \U1E0B LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ḍ \U1E0D LATIN SMALL LETTER D WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ḗ \U1E17 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON AND ACUTE
|
||
Ḣ \U1E22 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
Ḥ \U1E24 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ḥ \U1E25 LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ḫ \U1E2B LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH BREVE BELOW
|
||
ḳ \U1E33 LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ḷ \U1E37 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṁ \U1E41 LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ṃ \U1E43 LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṅ \U1E45 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ṇ \U1E47 LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṓ \U1E53 LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MACRON AND ACUTE
|
||
ṙ \U1E59 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
Ṛ \U1E5A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṛ \U1E5B LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṡ \U1E61 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ṣ \U1E63 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṫ \U1E6B LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
ṭ \U1E6D LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ṯ \U1E6F LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH LINE BELOW
|
||
ẑ \U1E91 LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
ẓ \U1E93 LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ẖ \U1E96 LATIN SMALL LETTER H WITH LINE BELOW
|
||
ạ \U1EA1 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ọ \U1ECD LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
ỹ \U1EF9 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH TILDE
|
||
General Punctuation
|
||
- ‑ \U2011 NON-BREAKING HYPHEN
|
||
‸ \U2038 CARET
|
||
‽ \U203D INTERROBANG
|
||
⁂ \U2042 ASTERISM
|
||
Arrows
|
||
← ← \U2190 LEFTWARDS ARROW
|
||
→ → \U2192 RIGHTWARDS ARROW
|
||
Mathematical Operators
|
||
∂ ∂ \U2202 PARTIAL DIFFERENTIAL
|
||
√ √ \U221A SQUARE ROOT
|
||
∞ ∞ \U221E INFINITY
|
||
∥ ∥ \U2225 PARALLEL TO
|
||
∫ ∫ \U222B INTEGRAL
|
||
≠ ≠ \U2260 NOT EQUAL TO
|
||
⊔ \U2294 SQUARE CUP
|
||
⊕ \U2295 CIRCLED PLUS
|
||
⋮ \U22EE VERTICAL ELLIPSIS
|
||
Enclosed Alphanumerics
|
||
Ⓤ \U24CA CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U
|
||
Miscellaneous Symbols
|
||
☜ ☜ \U261C WHITE LEFT POINTING INDEX
|
||
☞ ☞ \U261E WHITE RIGHT POINTING INDEX
|
||
☿ \U263F MERCURY
|
||
♀ \U2640 FEMALE SIGN
|
||
♂ \U2642 MALE SIGN
|
||
♃ \U2643 JUPITER
|
||
♄ \U2644 SATURN
|
||
♅ \U2645 URANUS
|
||
♆ \U2646 NEPTUNE
|
||
♇ \U2647 PLUTO
|
||
♠ \U2660 BLACK SPADE SUIT
|
||
♡ \U2661 WHITE HEART SUIT
|
||
♢ \U2662 WHITE DIAMOND SUIT
|
||
♣ \U2663 BLACK CLUB SUIT
|
||
♭ \U266D MUSIC FLAT SIGN
|
||
♮ \U266E MUSIC NATURAL SIGN
|
||
♯ \U266F MUSIC SHARP SIGN
|
||
Dingbats
|
||
✓ \U2713 CHECK MARK
|
||
✠ \U2720 MALTESE CROSS
|
||
Private Use Area
|
||
- \UE000 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON AND ACUTE
|
||
- \UE001 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH MACRON AND TILDE
|
||
- \UE002 LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH VERTICAL LINE ABOVE
|
||
- \UE003 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE004 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE005 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH BREVE
|
||
- \UE006 LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH DOT BELOW
|
||
- \UE007 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE CH
|
||
- \UE008 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE009 LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH BAR BELOW
|
||
- \UE00A LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE00B LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH MACRON AND BREVE
|
||
- \UE00C LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH TILDE AND DOT ABOVE
|
||
- \UE00D LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH HOOK RIGHT BELOW
|
||
- \UE00E LATIN SMALL LETTER G WITH INVERTED BREVE
|
||
- \UE00F LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH INVERTED BREVE BELOW
|
||
- \UE010 LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH MACRON AND ACUTE
|
||
- \UE011 LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
- \UE012 LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH BREVE
|
||
- \UE013 LATIN SMALL LETTER K WITH INVERTED BREVE
|
||
- \UE014 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE KH
|
||
- \UE015 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE016 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE017 LATIN SMALL LETTER L WITH INVERTED BREVE
|
||
- \UE018 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE019 LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE01A LATIN SMALL LETTER M WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE01B LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CEDILLA
|
||
- \UE01C LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH MACRON AND CIRUMFLEX
|
||
- \UE01E LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OI
|
||
- \UE01F LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OO
|
||
- \UE020 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OO WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE021 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OU
|
||
- \UE022 LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O WITH ACUTE
|
||
- \UE023 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH DIARESIS
|
||
- \UE024 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
- \UE025 LATIN SMALL LETTER R WITH RING BELOW
|
||
- \UE026 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH VERTICAL LINE ABOVE
|
||
- \UE027 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH OGONEK
|
||
- \UE028 LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH COMMA
|
||
- \UE02A LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH BREVE
|
||
- \UE02B LATIN SMALL LIGATURE SH
|
||
- \UE02C LATIN SMALL LIGATURE TH
|
||
- \UE02D LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH MACRON AND ACUTE
|
||
- \UE02E LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE02F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE030 LATIN SMALL LETTER X WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
- \UE031 LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH BREVE
|
||
- \UE032 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE ZH
|
||
- \UE033 LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED E WITH ACUTE
|
||
- \UE034 LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED E WITH CIRCUMFLEX
|
||
- \UE035 GREEK SMALL LETTER ALPHA WITH GRAVE
|
||
- \UE036 MUSICAL SYMBOL SEGNO
|
||
- \UE037 MUSICAL SYMBOL FERMATA
|
||
- \UE038 MUSICAL SYMBOL CRESCENDO
|
||
- \UE039 MUSICAL SYMBOL DECRESCENDO
|
||
- \UE03A MUSICAL SYMBOL DOUBLE SHARP
|
||
- \UE03B MUSICAL SYMBOL BREVE
|
||
- \UE03C MUSICAL SYMBOL DOWN BOW
|
||
- \UE03D MUSICAL SYMBOL UP BOW
|
||
- \UE03E MUSICAL SYMBOL BREVE ALTERNATE
|
||
- \UE03F PRINTING SYMBOL DELE
|
||
- \UE040 PRINTING SYMBOL FRACTIONAL EM
|
||
- \UE041 INVERTED ASTERISM
|
||
- \UE042 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA SUPERSCRIPT
|
||
- \UE043 LATIN SMALL LETTER TURNED Y
|
||
- \UE044 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE045 SQUARE ROOT WITH BAR
|
||
- \UE046 LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
- \UE047 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE UE
|
||
- \UE048 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE UE WITH MACRON
|
||
- \UE049 LATIN SMALL LETTER OPEN O WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE04A LATIN SMALL LETTER T WITH CARON BELOW
|
||
- \UE04B LATIN SMALL LETTER SCRIPT A WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE04C GREEK SMALL LETTER EPSILON WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE04D LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE WITH TILDE
|
||
- \UE04E MODIFIER LETTER DOUBLE VERTICAL LINE
|
||
- \UE04F DOUBLE HYPHEN
|
||
- \UE050 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH DOT ABOVE
|
||
- \UE051 LATIN SMALL LETTER SCHWA WITH MACRON
|
||
Alphabetic Presentation Forms
|
||
fl fl \UFB02 LATIN SMALL LIGATURE FL
|
||
שׁ שׁ \UFB2A HEBREW LETTER SINH WITH SHIN DOT
|
||
שׂ שׂ \UFB2B HEBREW LETTER SINH WITH SIN DOT
|
||
|