fix stale state after ffmpeg exit

e2e/src/ui/specs/timeline/timeline.e2e-spec.ts

@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@ test.describe('Timeline', () => {
         force: false,
         ids: [assetToTrash.id],
       });
-      await page.keyboard.press('Escape');
+      await page.locator('#asset-selection-app-bar').getByLabel('Close').click();
       await page.getByText('Trash', { exact: true }).click();
       await timelineUtils.waitForTimelineLoad(page);
       await thumbnailUtils.expectInViewport(page, assetToTrash.id);
@@ -676,7 +676,7 @@ test.describe('Timeline', () => {
         ids: [assetToArchive.id],
       });
       await thumbnailUtils.expectThumbnailIsArchive(page, assetToArchive.id);
-      await page.keyboard.press('Escape');
+      await page.locator('#asset-selection-app-bar').getByLabel('Close').click();
       await page.getByRole('link').getByText('Archive').click();
       await timelineUtils.waitForTimelineLoad(page);
       await thumbnailUtils.expectInViewport(page, assetToArchive.id);
@@ -823,7 +823,7 @@ test.describe('Timeline', () => {
       });
       // ensure thumbnail still exists and has favorite icon
       await thumbnailUtils.expectThumbnailIsFavorite(page, assetToFavorite.id);
-      await page.keyboard.press('Escape');
+      await page.locator('#asset-selection-app-bar').getByLabel('Close').click();
       await page.getByRole('link').getByText('Favorites').click();
       await timelineUtils.waitForTimelineLoad(page);
       await pageUtils.goToAsset(page, assetToFavorite.fileCreatedAt);

i18n/en.json

@@ -399,6 +399,10 @@
     "transcoding_preferred_hardware_device_description": "Applies only to VAAPI and QSV. Sets the dri node used for hardware transcoding.",
     "transcoding_preset_preset": "Preset (-preset)",
     "transcoding_preset_preset_description": "Compression speed. Slower presets produce smaller files, and increase quality when targeting a certain bitrate. VP9 ignores speeds above 'faster'.",
+    "transcoding_realtime": "Real-time Transcoding [EXPERIMENTAL]",
+    "transcoding_realtime_description": "Allows transcoding to be performed in real-time as the video is being streamed. Enables quality switching, but may cause higher playback latency and stuttering depending on server capabilities.",
+    "transcoding_realtime_enabled": "Enable real-time transcoding",
+    "transcoding_realtime_enabled_description": "If disabled, the server will refuse to start new real-time transcoding sessions.",
     "transcoding_reference_frames": "Reference frames",
     "transcoding_reference_frames_description": "The number of frames to reference when compressing a given frame. Higher values improve compression efficiency, but slow down encoding. 0 sets this value automatically.",
     "transcoding_required_description": "Only videos not in an accepted format",

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/MainActivity.kt

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ import app.alextran.immich.images.LocalImageApi
 import app.alextran.immich.images.LocalImagesImpl
 import app.alextran.immich.images.RemoteImageApi
 import app.alextran.immich.images.RemoteImagesImpl
-import app.alextran.immich.permission.PermissionApi
-import app.alextran.immich.permission.PermissionApiImpl
 import app.alextran.immich.sync.NativeSyncApi
 import app.alextran.immich.sync.NativeSyncApiImpl26
 import app.alextran.immich.sync.NativeSyncApiImpl30
@@ -46,9 +44,7 @@ class MainActivity : FlutterFragmentActivity() {
         } else {
           NativeSyncApiImpl30(ctx)
         }
-      val permissionApiImpl = PermissionApiImpl(ctx)
       NativeSyncApi.setUp(messenger, nativeSyncApiImpl)
-      PermissionApi.setUp(messenger, permissionApiImpl)
       LocalImageApi.setUp(messenger, LocalImagesImpl(ctx))
       RemoteImageApi.setUp(messenger, RemoteImagesImpl(ctx))
 
@@ -57,7 +53,6 @@ class MainActivity : FlutterFragmentActivity() {
 
       flutterEngine.plugins.add(backgroundEngineLockImpl)
       flutterEngine.plugins.add(nativeSyncApiImpl)
-      flutterEngine.plugins.add(permissionApiImpl)
     }
 
     fun cancelPlugins(flutterEngine: FlutterEngine) {
@@ -65,8 +60,6 @@ class MainActivity : FlutterFragmentActivity() {
         flutterEngine.plugins.get(NativeSyncApiImpl26::class.java) as ImmichPlugin?
           ?: flutterEngine.plugins.get(NativeSyncApiImpl30::class.java) as ImmichPlugin?
       nativeApi?.detachFromEngine()
-      val permissionApi = flutterEngine.plugins.get(PermissionApiImpl::class.java) as ImmichPlugin?
-      permissionApi?.detachFromEngine()
     }
   }
 }

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/permission/ManageMediaPermissionDelegate.kt

@@ -1,96 +0,0 @@
-package app.alextran.immich.permission
-
-import android.content.Context
-import android.content.Intent
-import android.os.Build
-import android.provider.MediaStore
-import android.provider.Settings
-import androidx.core.net.toUri
-import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityPluginBinding
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.PluginRegistry
-
-class ManageMediaPermissionDelegate(
-  context: Context,
-  private val requestCode: Int = 1003,
-) : PluginRegistry.ActivityResultListener {
-  private val ctx = context.applicationContext
-  private var activityBinding: ActivityPluginBinding? = null
-  private var pendingResult: ((Result<Boolean>) -> Unit)? = null
-
-  fun hasManageMediaPermission(): Boolean {
-    return if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
-      MediaStore.canManageMedia(ctx)
-    } else {
-      false
-    }
-  }
-
-  fun requestManageMediaPermission(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    if (hasManageMediaPermission()) {
-      callback(Result.success(true))
-      return
-    }
-
-    openManageMediaPermissionSettings(callback)
-  }
-
-  fun manageMediaPermission(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    openManageMediaPermissionSettings(callback)
-  }
-
-  private fun openManageMediaPermissionSettings(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
-      callback(Result.success(false))
-      return
-    }
-
-    val activity = activityBinding?.activity
-    if (activity == null) {
-      callback(Result.failure(FlutterError("NO_ACTIVITY", "Activity not available", null)))
-      return
-    }
-
-    pendingResult = callback
-    val intent = Intent(Settings.ACTION_REQUEST_MANAGE_MEDIA).apply {
-      data = "package:${activity.packageName}".toUri()
-    }
-    try {
-      activity.startActivityForResult(intent, requestCode)
-    } catch (e: Exception) {
-      pendingResult = null
-      callback(
-        Result.failure(
-          FlutterError("ACTIVITY_LAUNCH_FAILED", "Failed to launch MANAGE_MEDIA settings", e.toString())
-        )
-      )
-    }
-  }
-
-  fun onAttachedToActivity(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
-    activityBinding = binding
-    binding.addActivityResultListener(this)
-  }
-
-  fun onDetachedFromActivity() {
-    failPending("ACTIVITY_DETACHED", "Activity detached before MANAGE_MEDIA result")
-    activityBinding?.removeActivityResultListener(this)
-    activityBinding = null
-  }
-
-  override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?): Boolean {
-    if (requestCode == this.requestCode) {
-      val callback = pendingResult
-      pendingResult = null
-      callback?.invoke(Result.success(hasManageMediaPermission()))
-      return true
-    }
-
-    return false
-  }
-
-  private fun failPending(code: String, message: String) {
-    val callback = pendingResult ?: return
-    pendingResult = null
-    callback(Result.failure(FlutterError(code, message, null)))
-  }
-}

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/permission/PermissionApi.g.kt

@@ -1,128 +0,0 @@
-// Autogenerated from Pigeon (v26.3.4), do not edit directly.
-// See also: https://pub.dev/packages/pigeon
-@file:Suppress("UNCHECKED_CAST", "ArrayInDataClass")
-
-package app.alextran.immich.permission
-
-import android.util.Log
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.BasicMessageChannel
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.BinaryMessenger
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.EventChannel
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.MessageCodec
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.StandardMethodCodec
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.StandardMessageCodec
-import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream
-import java.nio.ByteBuffer
-private object PermissionApiPigeonUtils {
-
-  fun wrapResult(result: Any?): List<Any?> {
-    return listOf(result)
-  }
-
-  fun wrapError(exception: Throwable): List<Any?> {
-    return if (exception is FlutterError) {
-      listOf(
-        exception.code,
-        exception.message,
-        exception.details
-      )
-    } else {
-      listOf(
-        exception.javaClass.simpleName,
-        exception.toString(),
-        "Cause: " + exception.cause + ", Stacktrace: " + Log.getStackTraceString(exception)
-      )
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-/**
- * Error class for passing custom error details to Flutter via a thrown PlatformException.
- * @property code The error code.
- * @property message The error message.
- * @property details The error details. Must be a datatype supported by the api codec.
- */
-class FlutterError (
-  val code: String,
-  override val message: String? = null,
-  val details: Any? = null
-) : RuntimeException()
-private open class PermissionApiPigeonCodec : StandardMessageCodec() {
-  override fun readValueOfType(type: Byte, buffer: ByteBuffer): Any? {
-    return     super.readValueOfType(type, buffer)
-  }
-  override fun writeValue(stream: ByteArrayOutputStream, value: Any?)   {
-    super.writeValue(stream, value)
-  }
-}
-
-
-/** Generated interface from Pigeon that represents a handler of messages from Flutter. */
-interface PermissionApi {
-  fun hasManageMediaPermission(): Boolean
-  fun requestManageMediaPermission(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit)
-  fun manageMediaPermission(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit)
-
-  companion object {
-    /** The codec used by PermissionApi. */
-    val codec: MessageCodec<Any?> by lazy {
-      PermissionApiPigeonCodec()
-    }
-    /** Sets up an instance of `PermissionApi` to handle messages through the `binaryMessenger`. */
-    @JvmOverloads
-    fun setUp(binaryMessenger: BinaryMessenger, api: PermissionApi?, messageChannelSuffix: String = "") {
-      val separatedMessageChannelSuffix = if (messageChannelSuffix.isNotEmpty()) ".$messageChannelSuffix" else ""
-      run {
-        val channel = BasicMessageChannel<Any?>(binaryMessenger, "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.hasManageMediaPermission$separatedMessageChannelSuffix", codec)
-        if (api != null) {
-          channel.setMessageHandler { _, reply ->
-            val wrapped: List<Any?> = try {
-              listOf(api.hasManageMediaPermission())
-            } catch (exception: Throwable) {
-              PermissionApiPigeonUtils.wrapError(exception)
-            }
-            reply.reply(wrapped)
-          }
-        } else {
-          channel.setMessageHandler(null)
-        }
-      }
-      run {
-        val channel = BasicMessageChannel<Any?>(binaryMessenger, "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.requestManageMediaPermission$separatedMessageChannelSuffix", codec)
-        if (api != null) {
-          channel.setMessageHandler { _, reply ->
-            api.requestManageMediaPermission{ result: Result<Boolean> ->
-              val error = result.exceptionOrNull()
-              if (error != null) {
-                reply.reply(PermissionApiPigeonUtils.wrapError(error))
-              } else {
-                val data = result.getOrNull()
-                reply.reply(PermissionApiPigeonUtils.wrapResult(data))
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        } else {
-          channel.setMessageHandler(null)
-        }
-      }
-      run {
-        val channel = BasicMessageChannel<Any?>(binaryMessenger, "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.manageMediaPermission$separatedMessageChannelSuffix", codec)
-        if (api != null) {
-          channel.setMessageHandler { _, reply ->
-            api.manageMediaPermission{ result: Result<Boolean> ->
-              val error = result.exceptionOrNull()
-              if (error != null) {
-                reply.reply(PermissionApiPigeonUtils.wrapError(error))
-              } else {
-                val data = result.getOrNull()
-                reply.reply(PermissionApiPigeonUtils.wrapResult(data))
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        } else {
-          channel.setMessageHandler(null)
-        }
-      }
-    }
-  }
-}

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/permission/PermissionApiImpl.kt

@@ -1,37 +0,0 @@
-package app.alextran.immich.permission
-
-import android.content.Context
-import app.alextran.immich.core.ImmichPlugin
-import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityAware
-import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityPluginBinding
-
-class PermissionApiImpl(context: Context) : ImmichPlugin(), PermissionApi, ActivityAware {
-  private val manageMediaPermissionDelegate = ManageMediaPermissionDelegate(context)
-
-  override fun hasManageMediaPermission(): Boolean =
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.hasManageMediaPermission()
-
-  override fun requestManageMediaPermission(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.requestManageMediaPermission { completeWhenActive(callback, it) }
-  }
-
-  override fun manageMediaPermission(callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.manageMediaPermission { completeWhenActive(callback, it) }
-  }
-
-  override fun onAttachedToActivity(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.onAttachedToActivity(binding)
-  }
-
-  override fun onDetachedFromActivityForConfigChanges() {
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.onDetachedFromActivity()
-  }
-
-  override fun onReattachedToActivityForConfigChanges(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.onAttachedToActivity(binding)
-  }
-
-  override fun onDetachedFromActivity() {
-    manageMediaPermissionDelegate.onDetachedFromActivity()
-  }
-}

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/sync/MediaTrashDelegate.kt

@@ -1,133 +0,0 @@
-package app.alextran.immich.sync
-
-import android.app.Activity
-import android.content.ContentResolver
-import android.content.ContentUris
-import android.content.Context
-import android.content.Intent
-import android.net.Uri
-import android.os.Build
-import android.os.Bundle
-import android.provider.MediaStore
-import androidx.annotation.RequiresApi
-import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityPluginBinding
-import io.flutter.plugin.common.PluginRegistry
-
-class MediaTrashDelegate(
-  context: Context,
-  private val trashRequestCode: Int = 1002,
-) : PluginRegistry.ActivityResultListener {
-  private val ctx = context.applicationContext
-  private var activityBinding: ActivityPluginBinding? = null
-  private var pendingResult: ((Result<Boolean>) -> Unit)? = null
-
-  private fun hasManageMediaPermission(): Boolean {
-    return if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.S) {
-      MediaStore.canManageMedia(ctx)
-    } else {
-      false
-    }
-  }
-
-  fun restoreFromTrashById(mediaId: String, type: Long, callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < Build.VERSION_CODES.R || !hasManageMediaPermission()) {
-      callback(Result.failure(FlutterError("PERMISSION_DENIED", "Media permission required", null)))
-      return
-    }
-
-    val id = mediaId.toLongOrNull()
-    if (id == null) {
-      callback(Result.failure(FlutterError("INVALID_ID", "The file id is not a valid number: $mediaId", null)))
-      return
-    }
-
-    if (!isInTrash(id)) {
-      callback(Result.failure(FlutterError("TRASH_NOT_FOUND", "Item with id=$id not found in trash", null)))
-      return
-    }
-
-    restoreUri(ContentUris.withAppendedId(contentUriForType(type.toInt()), id), callback)
-  }
-
-  @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
-  private fun restoreUri(
-    contentUri: Uri,
-    callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit,
-  ) {
-    val activity = activityBinding?.activity
-    if (activity == null) {
-      callback(Result.failure(FlutterError("NO_ACTIVITY", "Activity not available", null)))
-      return
-    }
-
-    try {
-      val pendingIntent = MediaStore.createTrashRequest(ctx.contentResolver, listOf(contentUri), false)
-      pendingResult = callback
-      activity.startIntentSenderForResult(
-        pendingIntent.intentSender,
-        trashRequestCode,
-        null,
-        0,
-        0,
-        0,
-      )
-    } catch (e: Exception) {
-      pendingResult = null
-      callback(
-        Result.failure(
-          FlutterError("TRASH_ERROR", "Error creating or starting trash request", e.toString())
-        )
-      )
-    }
-  }
-
-  @RequiresApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.R)
-  private fun isInTrash(id: Long): Boolean {
-    val filesUri = MediaStore.Files.getContentUri(MediaStore.VOLUME_EXTERNAL)
-    val args = Bundle().apply {
-      putString(ContentResolver.QUERY_ARG_SQL_SELECTION, "${MediaStore.Files.FileColumns._ID}=?")
-      putStringArray(ContentResolver.QUERY_ARG_SQL_SELECTION_ARGS, arrayOf(id.toString()))
-      putInt(MediaStore.QUERY_ARG_MATCH_TRASHED, MediaStore.MATCH_ONLY)
-      putInt(ContentResolver.QUERY_ARG_LIMIT, 1)
-    }
-    return ctx.contentResolver.query(filesUri, arrayOf(MediaStore.Files.FileColumns._ID), args, null)
-      ?.use { it.moveToFirst() } == true
-  }
-
-  private fun contentUriForType(type: Int): Uri =
-    when (type) {
-      // Same order as AssetType from Dart.
-      1 -> MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI
-      2 -> MediaStore.Video.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI
-      3 -> MediaStore.Audio.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI
-      else -> MediaStore.Files.getContentUri(MediaStore.VOLUME_EXTERNAL)
-    }
-
-  fun onAttachedToActivity(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
-    activityBinding = binding
-    binding.addActivityResultListener(this)
-  }
-
-  fun onDetachedFromActivity() {
-    failPending("ACTIVITY_DETACHED", "Activity detached before trash result")
-    activityBinding?.removeActivityResultListener(this)
-    activityBinding = null
-  }
-
-  override fun onActivityResult(requestCode: Int, resultCode: Int, data: Intent?): Boolean {
-    if (requestCode == trashRequestCode) {
-      val callback = pendingResult
-      pendingResult = null
-      callback?.invoke(Result.success(resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK))
-      return true
-    }
-
-    return false
-  }
-
-  private fun failPending(code: String, message: String) {
-    val callback = pendingResult ?: return
-    pendingResult = null
-    callback(Result.failure(FlutterError(code, message, null)))
-  }
-}

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/sync/Messages.g.kt

@@ -553,7 +553,6 @@ interface NativeSyncApi {
   fun hashAssets(assetIds: List<String>, allowNetworkAccess: Boolean, callback: (Result<List<HashResult>>) -> Unit)
   fun cancelHashing()
   fun getTrashedAssets(): Map<String, List<PlatformAsset>>
-  fun restoreFromTrashById(mediaId: String, type: Long, callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit)
   fun getCloudIdForAssetIds(assetIds: List<String>): List<CloudIdResult>
 
   companion object {
@@ -748,27 +747,6 @@ interface NativeSyncApi {
           channel.setMessageHandler(null)
         }
       }
-      run {
-        val channel = BasicMessageChannel<Any?>(binaryMessenger, "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.restoreFromTrashById$separatedMessageChannelSuffix", codec)
-        if (api != null) {
-          channel.setMessageHandler { message, reply ->
-            val args = message as List<Any?>
-            val mediaIdArg = args[0] as String
-            val typeArg = args[1] as Long
-            api.restoreFromTrashById(mediaIdArg, typeArg) { result: Result<Boolean> ->
-              val error = result.exceptionOrNull()
-              if (error != null) {
-                reply.reply(MessagesPigeonUtils.wrapError(error))
-              } else {
-                val data = result.getOrNull()
-                reply.reply(MessagesPigeonUtils.wrapResult(data))
-              }
-            }
-          }
-        } else {
-          channel.setMessageHandler(null)
-        }
-      }
       run {
         val channel = BasicMessageChannel<Any?>(binaryMessenger, "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.getCloudIdForAssetIds$separatedMessageChannelSuffix", codec, taskQueue)
         if (api != null) {

mobile/android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/sync/MessagesImplBase.kt

@@ -17,8 +17,6 @@ import com.bumptech.glide.Glide
 import com.bumptech.glide.load.ImageHeaderParser
 import com.bumptech.glide.load.ImageHeaderParserUtils
 import com.bumptech.glide.load.resource.bitmap.DefaultImageHeaderParser
-import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityAware
-import io.flutter.embedding.engine.plugins.activity.ActivityPluginBinding
 import kotlinx.coroutines.CoroutineScope
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Dispatchers
 import kotlinx.coroutines.Job
@@ -41,11 +39,10 @@ sealed class AssetResult {
 private const val TAG = "NativeSyncApiImplBase"
 
 @SuppressLint("InlinedApi")
-open class NativeSyncApiImplBase(context: Context) : ImmichPlugin(), ActivityAware {
+open class NativeSyncApiImplBase(context: Context) : ImmichPlugin() {
   private val ctx: Context = context.applicationContext
 
   private var hashTask: Job? = null
-  private val mediaTrashDelegate = MediaTrashDelegate(ctx)
 
   companion object {
     private const val MAX_CONCURRENT_HASH_OPERATIONS = 16
@@ -451,26 +448,6 @@ open class NativeSyncApiImplBase(context: Context) : ImmichPlugin(), ActivityAwa
     hashTask = null
   }
 
-  fun restoreFromTrashById(mediaId: String, type: Long, callback: (Result<Boolean>) -> Unit) {
-    mediaTrashDelegate.restoreFromTrashById(mediaId, type) { completeWhenActive(callback, it) }
-  }
-
-  override fun onAttachedToActivity(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
-    mediaTrashDelegate.onAttachedToActivity(binding)
-  }
-
-  override fun onDetachedFromActivityForConfigChanges() {
-    mediaTrashDelegate.onDetachedFromActivity()
-  }
-
-  override fun onReattachedToActivityForConfigChanges(binding: ActivityPluginBinding) {
-    mediaTrashDelegate.onAttachedToActivity(binding)
-  }
-
-  override fun onDetachedFromActivity() {
-    mediaTrashDelegate.onDetachedFromActivity()
-  }
-
   // This method is only implemented on iOS; on Android, we do not have a concept of cloud IDs
   @Suppress("unused", "UNUSED_PARAMETER")
   fun getCloudIdForAssetIds(assetIds: List<String>): List<CloudIdResult> {

mobile/ios/Runner.xcodeproj/project.pbxproj

@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@
 		B21E34AC2E5B09190031FDB9 /* BackgroundWorker.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B21E34AB2E5B09100031FDB9 /* BackgroundWorker.swift */; };
 		B25D377A2E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Connectivity.g.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B25D37782E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Connectivity.g.swift */; };
 		B25D377C2E72CA26008B6CA7 /* ConnectivityApiImpl.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B25D377B2E72CA20008B6CA7 /* ConnectivityApiImpl.swift */; };
-		B2EE00022E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApi.g.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B2EE00012E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApi.g.swift */; };
-		B2EE00042E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApiImpl.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B2EE00032E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApiImpl.swift */; };
 		B2BE315F2E5E5229006EEF88 /* BackgroundWorker.g.swift in Sources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = B2BE315E2E5E5229006EEF88 /* BackgroundWorker.g.swift */; };
 		D218389C4A4C4693F141F7D1 /* Pods_Runner.framework in Frameworks */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 886774DBDDE6B35BF2B4F2CD /* Pods_Runner.framework */; };
 		F02538E92DFBCBDD008C3FA3 /* Assets.xcassets in Resources */ = {isa = PBXBuildFile; fileRef = 97C146FD1CF9000F007C117D /* Assets.xcassets */; };
@@ -107,8 +105,6 @@
 		B21E34AB2E5B09100031FDB9 /* BackgroundWorker.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = BackgroundWorker.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		B25D37782E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Connectivity.g.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = Connectivity.g.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		B25D377B2E72CA20008B6CA7 /* ConnectivityApiImpl.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = ConnectivityApiImpl.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
-		B2EE00012E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApi.g.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = PermissionApi.g.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
-		B2EE00032E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApiImpl.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = PermissionApiImpl.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		B2BE315E2E5E5229006EEF88 /* BackgroundWorker.g.swift */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; lastKnownFileType = sourcecode.swift; path = BackgroundWorker.g.swift; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		E0E99CDC17B3EB7FA8BA2332 /* Pods-Runner.release.xcconfig */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; includeInIndex = 1; lastKnownFileType = text.xcconfig; name = "Pods-Runner.release.xcconfig"; path = "Target Support Files/Pods-Runner/Pods-Runner.release.xcconfig"; sourceTree = "<group>"; };
 		F0B57D382DF764BD00DC5BCC /* WidgetExtension.appex */ = {isa = PBXFileReference; explicitFileType = "wrapper.app-extension"; includeInIndex = 0; path = WidgetExtension.appex; sourceTree = BUILT_PRODUCTS_DIR; };
@@ -287,7 +283,6 @@
 				B25D37792E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Connectivity */,
 				B21E34A62E5AF9760031FDB9 /* Background */,
 				B2CF7F8C2DDE4EBB00744BF6 /* Sync */,
-				B2EE00052E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Permission */,
 				FA9973382CF6DF4B000EF859 /* Runner.entitlements */,
 				FAC7416727DB9F5500C668D8 /* RunnerProfile.entitlements */,
 				97C146FA1CF9000F007C117D /* Main.storyboard */,
@@ -322,15 +317,6 @@
 			path = Connectivity;
 			sourceTree = "<group>";
 		};
-		B2EE00052E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Permission */ = {
-			isa = PBXGroup;
-			children = (
-				B2EE00032E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApiImpl.swift */,
-				B2EE00012E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApi.g.swift */,
-			);
-			path = Permission;
-			sourceTree = "<group>";
-		};
 		FAC6F8B62D287F120078CB2F /* ShareExtension */ = {
 			isa = PBXGroup;
 			children = (
@@ -633,8 +619,6 @@
 				FE5499F42F1197D8006016CB /* RemoteImages.g.swift in Sources */,
 				FE5FE4AE2F30FBC000A71243 /* ImageProcessing.swift in Sources */,
 				B25D377A2E72CA15008B6CA7 /* Connectivity.g.swift in Sources */,
-				B2EE00022E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApi.g.swift in Sources */,
-				B2EE00042E72CA15008B6CA7 /* PermissionApiImpl.swift in Sources */,
 				FE5499F82F1198E2006016CB /* RemoteImagesImpl.swift in Sources */,
 				FEAFA8732E4D42F4001E47FE /* Thumbhash.swift in Sources */,
 				B25D377C2E72CA26008B6CA7 /* ConnectivityApiImpl.swift in Sources */,

mobile/ios/Runner/AppDelegate.swift

@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ import native_video_player
 
   public static func registerPlugins(with registry: FlutterPluginRegistry, messenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger) {
     NativeSyncApiImpl.register(with: registry.registrar(forPlugin: NativeSyncApiImpl.name)!)
-    PermissionApiSetup.setUp(binaryMessenger: messenger, api: PermissionApiImpl())
     LocalImageApiSetup.setUp(binaryMessenger: messenger, api: LocalImageApiImpl())
     RemoteImageApiSetup.setUp(binaryMessenger: messenger, api: RemoteImageApiImpl())
     BackgroundWorkerFgHostApiSetup.setUp(binaryMessenger: messenger, api: BackgroundWorkerApiImpl())

mobile/ios/Runner/Permission/PermissionApi.g.swift

@@ -1,106 +0,0 @@
-// Autogenerated from Pigeon (v26.3.4), do not edit directly.
-// See also: https://pub.dev/packages/pigeon
-
-import Foundation
-
-#if os(iOS)
-  import Flutter
-#elseif os(macOS)
-  import FlutterMacOS
-#else
-  #error("Unsupported platform.")
-#endif
-
-private func wrapResult(_ result: Any?) -> [Any?] {
-  return [result]
-}
-
-private func wrapError(_ error: Any) -> [Any?] {
-  if let pigeonError = error as? PigeonError {
-    return [
-      pigeonError.code,
-      pigeonError.message,
-      pigeonError.details,
-    ]
-  }
-  if let flutterError = error as? FlutterError {
-    return [
-      flutterError.code,
-      flutterError.message,
-      flutterError.details,
-    ]
-  }
-  return [
-    "\(error)",
-    "\(Swift.type(of: error))",
-    "Stacktrace: \(Thread.callStackSymbols)",
-  ]
-}
-
-private func isNullish(_ value: Any?) -> Bool {
-  return value is NSNull || value == nil
-}
-
-private func nilOrValue<T>(_ value: Any?) -> T? {
-  if value is NSNull { return nil }
-  return value as! T?
-}
-
-/// Generated protocol from Pigeon that represents a handler of messages from Flutter.
-protocol PermissionApi {
-  func hasManageMediaPermission() throws -> Bool
-  func requestManageMediaPermission(completion: @escaping (Result<Bool, Error>) -> Void)
-  func manageMediaPermission(completion: @escaping (Result<Bool, Error>) -> Void)
-}
-
-/// Generated setup class from Pigeon to handle messages through the `binaryMessenger`.
-class PermissionApiSetup {
-  static var codec: FlutterStandardMessageCodec { FlutterStandardMessageCodec.sharedInstance() }
-  /// Sets up an instance of `PermissionApi` to handle messages through the `binaryMessenger`.
-  static func setUp(binaryMessenger: FlutterBinaryMessenger, api: PermissionApi?, messageChannelSuffix: String = "") {
-    let channelSuffix = messageChannelSuffix.count > 0 ? ".\(messageChannelSuffix)" : ""
-    let hasManageMediaPermissionChannel = FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.hasManageMediaPermission\(channelSuffix)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger, codec: codec)
-    if let api = api {
-      hasManageMediaPermissionChannel.setMessageHandler { _, reply in
-        do {
-          let result = try api.hasManageMediaPermission()
-          reply(wrapResult(result))
-        } catch {
-          reply(wrapError(error))
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      hasManageMediaPermissionChannel.setMessageHandler(nil)
-    }
-    let requestManageMediaPermissionChannel = FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.requestManageMediaPermission\(channelSuffix)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger, codec: codec)
-    if let api = api {
-      requestManageMediaPermissionChannel.setMessageHandler { _, reply in
-        api.requestManageMediaPermission { result in
-          switch result {
-          case .success(let res):
-            reply(wrapResult(res))
-          case .failure(let error):
-            reply(wrapError(error))
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      requestManageMediaPermissionChannel.setMessageHandler(nil)
-    }
-    let manageMediaPermissionChannel = FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.manageMediaPermission\(channelSuffix)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger, codec: codec)
-    if let api = api {
-      manageMediaPermissionChannel.setMessageHandler { _, reply in
-        api.manageMediaPermission { result in
-          switch result {
-          case .success(let res):
-            reply(wrapResult(res))
-          case .failure(let error):
-            reply(wrapError(error))
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      manageMediaPermissionChannel.setMessageHandler(nil)
-    }
-  }
-}

mobile/ios/Runner/Permission/PermissionApiImpl.swift

@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-import Foundation
-
-class PermissionApiImpl: PermissionApi {
-  func hasManageMediaPermission() throws -> Bool {
-    return false
-  }
-
-  func requestManageMediaPermission(completion: @escaping (Result<Bool, Error>) -> Void) {
-    completion(.success(false))
-  }
-
-  func manageMediaPermission(completion: @escaping (Result<Bool, Error>) -> Void) {
-    completion(.success(false))
-  }
-}

mobile/ios/Runner/Sync/Messages.g.swift

@@ -537,7 +537,6 @@ protocol NativeSyncApi {
   func hashAssets(assetIds: [String], allowNetworkAccess: Bool, completion: @escaping (Result<[HashResult], Error>) -> Void)
   func cancelHashing() throws
   func getTrashedAssets() throws -> [String: [PlatformAsset]]
-  func restoreFromTrashById(mediaId: String, type: Int64, completion: @escaping (Result<Bool, Error>) -> Void)
   func getCloudIdForAssetIds(assetIds: [String]) throws -> [CloudIdResult]
 }
 
@@ -722,24 +721,6 @@ class NativeSyncApiSetup {
     } else {
       getTrashedAssetsChannel.setMessageHandler(nil)
     }
-    let restoreFromTrashByIdChannel = FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.restoreFromTrashById\(channelSuffix)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger, codec: codec)
-    if let api = api {
-      restoreFromTrashByIdChannel.setMessageHandler { message, reply in
-        let args = message as! [Any?]
-        let mediaIdArg = args[0] as! String
-        let typeArg = args[1] as! Int64
-        api.restoreFromTrashById(mediaId: mediaIdArg, type: typeArg) { result in
-          switch result {
-          case .success(let res):
-            reply(wrapResult(res))
-          case .failure(let error):
-            reply(wrapError(error))
-          }
-        }
-      }
-    } else {
-      restoreFromTrashByIdChannel.setMessageHandler(nil)
-    }
     let getCloudIdForAssetIdsChannel = taskQueue == nil
       ? FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.getCloudIdForAssetIds\(channelSuffix)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger, codec: codec)
       : FlutterBasicMessageChannel(name: "dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.getCloudIdForAssetIds\(channelSuffix)", binaryMessenger: binaryMessenger, codec: codec, taskQueue: taskQueue)

mobile/ios/Runner/Sync/MessagesImpl.swift

@@ -382,10 +382,6 @@ class NativeSyncApiImpl: ImmichPlugin, NativeSyncApi, FlutterPlugin {
   func getTrashedAssets() throws -> [String: [PlatformAsset]] {
     throw PigeonError(code: "UNSUPPORTED_OS", message: "This feature not supported on iOS.", details: nil)
   }
-
-  func restoreFromTrashById(mediaId: String, type: Int64, completion: @escaping (Result<Bool, Error>) -> Void) {
-    completion(.success(false))
-  }
   
   private func getAssetsFromAlbum(in album: PHAssetCollection, options: PHFetchOptions) -> PHFetchResult<PHAsset> {
     // Ensure to actually getting all assets for the Recents album

mobile/lib/domain/services/local_sync.service.dart

@@ -9,10 +9,10 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/entities/store.entity.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/extensions/platform_extensions.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/local_album.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/local_asset.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/storage.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/trashed_local_asset.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/native_sync_api.g.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/permission.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/datetime_helpers.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/diff.dart';
 import 'package:logging/logging.dart';
@@ -23,29 +23,29 @@ class LocalSyncService {
   final DriftLocalAssetRepository _localAssetRepository;
   final NativeSyncApi _nativeSyncApi;
   final DriftTrashedLocalAssetRepository _trashedLocalAssetRepository;
-  final AssetMediaRepository _assetMediaRepository;
+  final LocalFilesManagerRepository _localFilesManager;
-  final IPermissionRepository _permissionRepository;
+  final StorageRepository _storageRepository;
   final Logger _log = Logger("DeviceSyncService");
 
   LocalSyncService({
     required DriftLocalAlbumRepository localAlbumRepository,
     required DriftLocalAssetRepository localAssetRepository,
     required DriftTrashedLocalAssetRepository trashedLocalAssetRepository,
-    required AssetMediaRepository assetMediaRepository,
+    required LocalFilesManagerRepository localFilesManager,
-    required IPermissionRepository permissionRepository,
+    required StorageRepository storageRepository,
     required NativeSyncApi nativeSyncApi,
   }) : _localAlbumRepository = localAlbumRepository,
        _localAssetRepository = localAssetRepository,
        _trashedLocalAssetRepository = trashedLocalAssetRepository,
-       _assetMediaRepository = assetMediaRepository,
+       _localFilesManager = localFilesManager,
-       _permissionRepository = permissionRepository,
+       _storageRepository = storageRepository,
        _nativeSyncApi = nativeSyncApi;
 
   Future<void> sync({bool full = false}) async {
     final Stopwatch stopwatch = Stopwatch()..start();
     try {
       if (CurrentPlatform.isAndroid && Store.get(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, false)) {
-        final hasPermission = await _permissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission();
+        final hasPermission = await _localFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission();
         if (hasPermission) {
           await _syncTrashedAssets();
         } else {
@@ -373,7 +373,7 @@ class LocalSyncService {
 
     final assetsToRestore = await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.getToRestore();
     if (assetsToRestore.isNotEmpty) {
-      final restoredIds = await _assetMediaRepository.restoreAssetsFromTrash(assetsToRestore);
+      final restoredIds = await _localFilesManager.restoreAssetsFromTrash(assetsToRestore);
       await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.applyRestoredAssets(restoredIds);
     } else {
       _log.info("syncTrashedAssets, No remote assets found for restoration");
@@ -381,15 +381,15 @@ class LocalSyncService {
 
     final localAssetsToTrash = await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.getToTrash();
     if (localAssetsToTrash.isNotEmpty) {
-      final localIds = localAssetsToTrash.values.expand((assets) => assets).map((asset) => asset.id).toList();
+      final mediaUrls = await Future.wait(
-      _log.info("Moving to trash ${localIds.join(", ")} assets");
+        localAssetsToTrash.values
-      final movedIds = await _assetMediaRepository.deleteAll(localIds);
+            .expand((e) => e)
-      if (movedIds.isNotEmpty) {
+            .map((localAsset) => _storageRepository.getAssetEntityForAsset(localAsset).then((e) => e?.getMediaUrl())),
-        final movedAssetsByAlbum = localAssetsToTrash.map(
+      );
-          (albumId, assets) => MapEntry(albumId, assets.where((asset) => movedIds.contains(asset.id)).toList()),
+      _log.info("Moving to trash ${mediaUrls.join(", ")} assets");
-        )..removeWhere((_, assets) => assets.isEmpty);
+      final result = await _localFilesManager.moveToTrash(mediaUrls.nonNulls.toList());
-
+      if (result) {
-        await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(movedAssetsByAlbum);
+        await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(localAssetsToTrash);
       }
     } else {
       _log.info("syncTrashedAssets, No assets found in backup-enabled albums for move to trash");

mobile/lib/domain/services/sync_stream.service.dart

@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/domain/models/sync_event.model.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/entities/store.entity.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/extensions/platform_extensions.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/local_asset.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/storage.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/sync_api.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/sync_migration.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/sync_stream.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/trashed_local_asset.repository.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/permission.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/services/api.service.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/semver.dart';
 import 'package:logging/logging.dart';
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ class SyncStreamService {
   final SyncStreamRepository _syncStreamRepository;
   final DriftLocalAssetRepository _localAssetRepository;
   final DriftTrashedLocalAssetRepository _trashedLocalAssetRepository;
-  final AssetMediaRepository _assetMediaRepository;
+  final LocalFilesManagerRepository _localFilesManager;
-  final IPermissionRepository _permissionRepository;
+  final StorageRepository _storageRepository;
   final SyncMigrationRepository _syncMigrationRepository;
   final ApiService _api;
   final bool Function()? _cancelChecker;
@@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ class SyncStreamService {
     required SyncStreamRepository syncStreamRepository,
     required DriftLocalAssetRepository localAssetRepository,
     required DriftTrashedLocalAssetRepository trashedLocalAssetRepository,
-    required AssetMediaRepository assetMediaRepository,
+    required LocalFilesManagerRepository localFilesManager,
-    required IPermissionRepository permissionRepository,
+    required StorageRepository storageRepository,
     required SyncMigrationRepository syncMigrationRepository,
     required ApiService api,
     bool Function()? cancelChecker,
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ class SyncStreamService {
        _syncStreamRepository = syncStreamRepository,
        _localAssetRepository = localAssetRepository,
        _trashedLocalAssetRepository = trashedLocalAssetRepository,
-       _assetMediaRepository = assetMediaRepository,
+       _localFilesManager = localFilesManager,
-       _permissionRepository = permissionRepository,
+       _storageRepository = storageRepository,
        _syncMigrationRepository = syncMigrationRepository,
        _api = api,
        _cancelChecker = cancelChecker;
@@ -500,22 +500,22 @@ class SyncStreamService {
   }
 
   Future<void> _trashLocalAssets(Map<String, List<LocalAsset>> localAssetsToTrash) async {
-    final localIds = localAssetsToTrash.values.expand((assets) => assets).map((asset) => asset.id).toList();
+    final mediaUrls = await Future.wait(
-    _logger.info("Moving to trash ${localIds.join(", ")} assets");
+      localAssetsToTrash.values
-    final movedIds = await _assetMediaRepository.deleteAll(localIds);
+          .expand((e) => e)
-    if (movedIds.isNotEmpty) {
+          .map((localAsset) => _storageRepository.getAssetEntityForAsset(localAsset).then((e) => e?.getMediaUrl())),
-      final movedAssetsByAlbum = localAssetsToTrash.map(
+    );
-        (albumId, assets) => MapEntry(albumId, assets.where((asset) => movedIds.contains(asset.id)).toList()),
+    _logger.info("Moving to trash ${mediaUrls.join(", ")} assets");
-      )..removeWhere((_, assets) => assets.isEmpty);
+    final result = await _localFilesManager.moveToTrash(mediaUrls.nonNulls.toList());
-
+    if (result) {
-      await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(movedAssetsByAlbum);
+      await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(localAssetsToTrash);
     }
   }
 
   Future<void> _applyRemoteRestoreToLocal() async {
     final assetsToRestore = await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.getToRestore();
     if (assetsToRestore.isNotEmpty) {
-      final restoredIds = await _assetMediaRepository.restoreAssetsFromTrash(assetsToRestore);
+      final restoredIds = await _localFilesManager.restoreAssetsFromTrash(assetsToRestore);
       await _trashedLocalAssetRepository.applyRestoredAssets(restoredIds);
     } else {
       _logger.info("No remote assets found for restoration");
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ class SyncStreamService {
   }
 
   Future<void> _syncAssetTrashStatus(List<String> remoteIds) async {
-    if (!(await _permissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission())) {
+    if (!(await _localFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission())) {
       _logger.warning("Syncing asset trash status cannot proceed because MANAGE_MEDIA permission is missing");
       return;
     }
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ class SyncStreamService {
   }
 
   Future<void> _syncAssetDeletion(List<String> remoteIds) async {
-    if (!(await _permissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission())) {
+    if (!(await _localFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission())) {
       _logger.warning("Syncing asset deletion cannot proceed because MANAGE_MEDIA permission is missing");
       return;
     }

mobile/lib/platform/native_sync_api.g.dart

@@ -654,25 +654,6 @@ class NativeSyncApi {
     return (pigeonVar_replyValue! as Map<Object?, Object?>).cast<String, List<PlatformAsset>>();
   }
 
-  Future<bool> restoreFromTrashById(String mediaId, int type) async {
-    final pigeonVar_channelName =
-        'dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.restoreFromTrashById$pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix';
-    final pigeonVar_channel = BasicMessageChannel<Object?>(
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      pigeonChannelCodec,
-      binaryMessenger: pigeonVar_binaryMessenger,
-    );
-    final Future<Object?> pigeonVar_sendFuture = pigeonVar_channel.send(<Object?>[mediaId, type]);
-    final pigeonVar_replyList = await pigeonVar_sendFuture as List<Object?>?;
-
-    final Object? pigeonVar_replyValue = _extractReplyValueOrThrow(
-      pigeonVar_replyList,
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      isNullValid: false,
-    );
-    return pigeonVar_replyValue! as bool;
-  }
-
   Future<List<CloudIdResult>> getCloudIdForAssetIds(List<String> assetIds) async {
     final pigeonVar_channelName =
         'dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.NativeSyncApi.getCloudIdForAssetIds$pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix';

mobile/lib/platform/permission_api.g.dart

@@ -1,119 +0,0 @@
-// Autogenerated from Pigeon (v26.3.4), do not edit directly.
-// See also: https://pub.dev/packages/pigeon
-// ignore_for_file: unused_import, unused_shown_name
-// ignore_for_file: type=lint
-
-import 'dart:async';
-import 'dart:typed_data' show Float64List, Int32List, Int64List;
-
-import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
-import 'package:meta/meta.dart' show immutable, protected, visibleForTesting;
-
-Object? _extractReplyValueOrThrow(List<Object?>? replyList, String channelName, {required bool isNullValid}) {
-  if (replyList == null) {
-    throw PlatformException(
-      code: 'channel-error',
-      message: 'Unable to establish connection on channel: "$channelName".',
-    );
-  } else if (replyList.length > 1) {
-    throw PlatformException(code: replyList[0]! as String, message: replyList[1] as String?, details: replyList[2]);
-  } else if (!isNullValid && (replyList.isNotEmpty && replyList[0] == null)) {
-    throw PlatformException(
-      code: 'null-error',
-      message: 'Host platform returned null value for non-null return value.',
-    );
-  }
-  return replyList.firstOrNull;
-}
-
-class _PigeonCodec extends StandardMessageCodec {
-  const _PigeonCodec();
-  @override
-  void writeValue(WriteBuffer buffer, Object? value) {
-    if (value is int) {
-      buffer.putUint8(4);
-      buffer.putInt64(value);
-    } else {
-      super.writeValue(buffer, value);
-    }
-  }
-
-  @override
-  Object? readValueOfType(int type, ReadBuffer buffer) {
-    switch (type) {
-      default:
-        return super.readValueOfType(type, buffer);
-    }
-  }
-}
-
-class PermissionApi {
-  /// Constructor for [PermissionApi].  The [binaryMessenger] named argument is
-  /// available for dependency injection.  If it is left null, the default
-  /// BinaryMessenger will be used which routes to the host platform.
-  PermissionApi({BinaryMessenger? binaryMessenger, String messageChannelSuffix = ''})
-    : pigeonVar_binaryMessenger = binaryMessenger,
-      pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix = messageChannelSuffix.isNotEmpty ? '.$messageChannelSuffix' : '';
-  final BinaryMessenger? pigeonVar_binaryMessenger;
-
-  static const MessageCodec<Object?> pigeonChannelCodec = _PigeonCodec();
-
-  final String pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix;
-
-  Future<bool> hasManageMediaPermission() async {
-    final pigeonVar_channelName =
-        'dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.hasManageMediaPermission$pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix';
-    final pigeonVar_channel = BasicMessageChannel<Object?>(
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      pigeonChannelCodec,
-      binaryMessenger: pigeonVar_binaryMessenger,
-    );
-    final Future<Object?> pigeonVar_sendFuture = pigeonVar_channel.send(null);
-    final pigeonVar_replyList = await pigeonVar_sendFuture as List<Object?>?;
-
-    final Object? pigeonVar_replyValue = _extractReplyValueOrThrow(
-      pigeonVar_replyList,
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      isNullValid: false,
-    );
-    return pigeonVar_replyValue! as bool;
-  }
-
-  Future<bool> requestManageMediaPermission() async {
-    final pigeonVar_channelName =
-        'dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.requestManageMediaPermission$pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix';
-    final pigeonVar_channel = BasicMessageChannel<Object?>(
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      pigeonChannelCodec,
-      binaryMessenger: pigeonVar_binaryMessenger,
-    );
-    final Future<Object?> pigeonVar_sendFuture = pigeonVar_channel.send(null);
-    final pigeonVar_replyList = await pigeonVar_sendFuture as List<Object?>?;
-
-    final Object? pigeonVar_replyValue = _extractReplyValueOrThrow(
-      pigeonVar_replyList,
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      isNullValid: false,
-    );
-    return pigeonVar_replyValue! as bool;
-  }
-
-  Future<bool> manageMediaPermission() async {
-    final pigeonVar_channelName =
-        'dev.flutter.pigeon.immich_mobile.PermissionApi.manageMediaPermission$pigeonVar_messageChannelSuffix';
-    final pigeonVar_channel = BasicMessageChannel<Object?>(
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      pigeonChannelCodec,
-      binaryMessenger: pigeonVar_binaryMessenger,
-    );
-    final Future<Object?> pigeonVar_sendFuture = pigeonVar_channel.send(null);
-    final pigeonVar_replyList = await pigeonVar_sendFuture as List<Object?>?;
-
-    final Object? pigeonVar_replyValue = _extractReplyValueOrThrow(
-      pigeonVar_replyList,
-      pigeonVar_channelName,
-      isNullValid: false,
-    );
-    return pigeonVar_replyValue! as bool;
-  }
-}

mobile/lib/providers/infrastructure/platform.provider.dart

@@ -3,10 +3,9 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/domain/services/background_worker.service.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/background_worker_api.g.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/background_worker_lock_api.g.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/connectivity_api.g.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/local_image_api.g.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/native_sync_api.g.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/local_image_api.g.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/network_api.g.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/permission_api.g.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/remote_image_api.g.dart';
 
 final backgroundWorkerFgServiceProvider = Provider((_) => BackgroundWorkerFgService(BackgroundWorkerFgHostApi()));
@@ -17,8 +16,6 @@ final backgroundWorkerLockServiceProvider = Provider<BackgroundWorkerLockService
 
 final nativeSyncApiProvider = Provider<NativeSyncApi>((_) => NativeSyncApi());
 
-final permissionApiProvider = Provider<PermissionApi>((_) => PermissionApi());
-
 final connectivityApiProvider = Provider<ConnectivityApi>((_) => ConnectivityApi());
 
 final localImageApi = LocalImageApi();

mobile/lib/providers/infrastructure/sync.provider.dart

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/asset.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/cancel.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/db.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/platform.provider.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/storage.provider.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/permission.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
 
 final syncMigrationRepositoryProvider = Provider((ref) => SyncMigrationRepository(ref.watch(driftProvider)));
 
@@ -22,8 +22,8 @@ final syncStreamServiceProvider = Provider(
     syncStreamRepository: ref.watch(syncStreamRepositoryProvider),
     localAssetRepository: ref.watch(localAssetRepository),
     trashedLocalAssetRepository: ref.watch(trashedLocalAssetRepository),
-    assetMediaRepository: ref.watch(assetMediaRepositoryProvider),
+    localFilesManager: ref.watch(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider),
-    permissionRepository: ref.watch(permissionRepositoryProvider),
+    storageRepository: ref.watch(storageRepositoryProvider),
     syncMigrationRepository: ref.watch(syncMigrationRepositoryProvider),
     api: ref.watch(apiServiceProvider),
     cancelChecker: ref.watch(cancellationProvider),
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@ final localSyncServiceProvider = Provider(
     localAlbumRepository: ref.watch(localAlbumRepository),
     localAssetRepository: ref.watch(localAssetRepository),
     trashedLocalAssetRepository: ref.watch(trashedLocalAssetRepository),
-    assetMediaRepository: ref.watch(assetMediaRepositoryProvider),
+    localFilesManager: ref.watch(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider),
-    permissionRepository: ref.watch(permissionRepositoryProvider),
+    storageRepository: ref.watch(storageRepositoryProvider),
     nativeSyncApi: ref.watch(nativeSyncApiProvider),
   ),
 );

mobile/lib/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart

@@ -8,24 +8,19 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/domain/models/asset/base_asset.model.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/extensions/build_context_extensions.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/extensions/platform_extensions.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/extensions/response_extensions.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/native_sync_api.g.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/platform.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_api.repository.dart';
 import 'package:logging/logging.dart';
 import 'package:path_provider/path_provider.dart';
 import 'package:photo_manager/photo_manager.dart';
 import 'package:share_plus/share_plus.dart';
 
-final assetMediaRepositoryProvider = Provider(
+final assetMediaRepositoryProvider = Provider((ref) => AssetMediaRepository(ref.watch(assetApiRepositoryProvider)));
-  (ref) => AssetMediaRepository(ref.watch(assetApiRepositoryProvider), ref.watch(nativeSyncApiProvider)),
-);
 
 class AssetMediaRepository {
   final AssetApiRepository _assetApiRepository;
-  final NativeSyncApi _nativeSyncApi;
   static final Logger _log = Logger("AssetMediaRepository");
 
-  const AssetMediaRepository(this._assetApiRepository, this._nativeSyncApi);
+  const AssetMediaRepository(this._assetApiRepository);
 
   Future<bool> _androidSupportsTrash() async {
     if (Platform.isAndroid) {
@@ -50,27 +45,6 @@ class AssetMediaRepository {
     return PhotoManager.editor.deleteWithIds(ids);
   }
 
-  Future<bool> _restoreFromTrashById(String mediaId, int type) async {
-    try {
-      return await _nativeSyncApi.restoreFromTrashById(mediaId, type);
-    } catch (e, s) {
-      _log.warning('Error restore file from trash by Id', e, s);
-      return false;
-    }
-  }
-
-  Future<List<String>> restoreAssetsFromTrash(Iterable<LocalAsset> assets) async {
-    final restoredIds = <String>[];
-    for (final asset in assets) {
-      _log.info("Restoring from trash, localId: ${asset.id}, checksum: ${asset.checksum}");
-      final result = await _restoreFromTrashById(asset.id, asset.type.index);
-      if (result) {
-        restoredIds.add(asset.id);
-      }
-    }
-    return restoredIds;
-  }
-
   Future<AssetEntity?> get(String id) async {
     final entity = await AssetEntity.fromId(id);
     return entity;

mobile/lib/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+import 'package:hooks_riverpod/hooks_riverpod.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/domain/models/asset/base_asset.model.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/services/local_files_manager.service.dart';
+import 'package:logging/logging.dart';
+
+final localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider = Provider(
+  (ref) => LocalFilesManagerRepository(ref.watch(localFileManagerServiceProvider)),
+);
+
+class LocalFilesManagerRepository {
+  LocalFilesManagerRepository(this._service);
+
+  final Logger _logger = Logger('LocalFilesManagerRepo');
+  final LocalFilesManagerService _service;
+
+  Future<bool> moveToTrash(List<String> mediaUrls) async {
+    return await _service.moveToTrash(mediaUrls);
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> restoreFromTrash(String fileName, int type) async {
+    return await _service.restoreFromTrash(fileName, type);
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> requestManageMediaPermission() async {
+    return await _service.requestManageMediaPermission();
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> hasManageMediaPermission() async {
+    return await _service.hasManageMediaPermission();
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> manageMediaPermission() async {
+    return await _service.manageMediaPermission();
+  }
+
+  Future<List<String>> restoreAssetsFromTrash(Iterable<LocalAsset> assets) async {
+    final restoredIds = <String>[];
+    for (final asset in assets) {
+      _logger.info("Restoring from trash, localId: ${asset.id}, remoteId: ${asset.checksum}");
+      try {
+        final result = await _service.restoreFromTrashById(asset.id, asset.type.index);
+        if (result) {
+          restoredIds.add(asset.id);
+        }
+      } catch (e) {
+        _logger.warning("Restoring failure: $e");
+      }
+    }
+    return restoredIds;
+  }
+}

mobile/lib/repositories/permission.repository.dart

@@ -1,16 +1,12 @@
 import 'package:hooks_riverpod/hooks_riverpod.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/permission_api.g.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/platform.provider.dart';
 import 'package:permission_handler/permission_handler.dart';
 
-final permissionRepositoryProvider = Provider((ref) {
+final permissionRepositoryProvider = Provider((_) {
-  return PermissionRepository(ref.watch(permissionApiProvider));
+  return const PermissionRepository();
 });
 
 class PermissionRepository implements IPermissionRepository {
-  final PermissionApi _permissionApi;
+  const PermissionRepository();
-
-  const PermissionRepository(this._permissionApi);
 
   @override
   Future<bool> hasLocationWhenInUsePermission() {
@@ -38,21 +34,6 @@ class PermissionRepository implements IPermissionRepository {
   Future<bool> openSettings() {
     return openAppSettings();
   }
-
-  @override
-  Future<bool> hasManageMediaPermission() {
-    return _permissionApi.hasManageMediaPermission();
-  }
-
-  @override
-  Future<bool> requestManageMediaPermission() {
-    return _permissionApi.requestManageMediaPermission();
-  }
-
-  @override
-  Future<bool> manageMediaPermission() {
-    return _permissionApi.manageMediaPermission();
-  }
 }
 
 abstract interface class IPermissionRepository {
@@ -61,7 +42,4 @@ abstract interface class IPermissionRepository {
   Future<bool> hasLocationAlwaysPermission();
   Future<bool> requestLocationAlwaysPermission();
   Future<bool> openSettings();
-  Future<bool> hasManageMediaPermission();
-  Future<bool> requestManageMediaPermission();
-  Future<bool> manageMediaPermission();
 }

mobile/lib/services/local_files_manager.service.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+import 'package:flutter/services.dart';
+import 'package:hooks_riverpod/hooks_riverpod.dart';
+import 'package:logging/logging.dart';
+
+final localFileManagerServiceProvider = Provider<LocalFilesManagerService>((ref) => const LocalFilesManagerService());
+
+class LocalFilesManagerService {
+  const LocalFilesManagerService();
+
+  static final Logger _logger = Logger('LocalFilesManager');
+  static const MethodChannel _channel = MethodChannel('file_trash');
+
+  Future<bool> moveToTrash(List<String> mediaUrls) async {
+    try {
+      return await _channel.invokeMethod('moveToTrash', {'mediaUrls': mediaUrls});
+    } catch (e, s) {
+      _logger.warning('Error moving file to trash', e, s);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> restoreFromTrash(String fileName, int type) async {
+    try {
+      return await _channel.invokeMethod('restoreFromTrash', {'fileName': fileName, 'type': type});
+    } catch (e, s) {
+      _logger.warning('Error restore file from trash', e, s);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> restoreFromTrashById(String mediaId, int type) async {
+    try {
+      return await _channel.invokeMethod('restoreFromTrash', {'mediaId': mediaId, 'type': type});
+    } catch (e, s) {
+      _logger.warning('Error restore file from trash by Id', e, s);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> requestManageMediaPermission() async {
+    try {
+      return await _channel.invokeMethod('requestManageMediaPermission');
+    } catch (e, s) {
+      _logger.warning('Error requesting manage media permission', e, s);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> hasManageMediaPermission() async {
+    try {
+      return await _channel.invokeMethod('hasManageMediaPermission');
+    } catch (e, s) {
+      _logger.warning('Error requesting manage media permission state', e, s);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+
+  Future<bool> manageMediaPermission() async {
+    try {
+      return await _channel.invokeMethod('manageMediaPermission');
+    } catch (e, s) {
+      _logger.warning('Error requesting manage media permission settings', e, s);
+      return false;
+    }
+  }
+}

mobile/lib/widgets/forms/login/login_form.dart

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/gallery_permission.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/oauth.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/server_info.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/websocket.provider.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/permission.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/routing/router.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/provider_utils.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/url_helper.dart';
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ class LoginForm extends HookConsumerWidget {
     }
 
     getManageMediaPermission() async {
-      final hasPermission = await ref.read(permissionRepositoryProvider).hasManageMediaPermission();
+      final hasPermission = await ref.read(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider).hasManageMediaPermission();
       if (!hasPermission) {
         await showDialog(
           context: context,
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ class LoginForm extends HookConsumerWidget {
                 ),
                 TextButton(
                   onPressed: () {
-                    unawaited(ref.read(permissionRepositoryProvider).requestManageMediaPermission());
+                    ref.read(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider).requestManageMediaPermission();
                     Navigator.of(context).pop();
                   },
                   child: Text(

mobile/lib/widgets/settings/advanced_settings.dart

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/extensions/build_context_extensions.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/metadata.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/platform.provider.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/providers/infrastructure/readonly_mode.provider.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/permission.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/services/app_settings.service.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/bytes_units.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/hooks/app_settings_update_hook.dart';
@@ -57,7 +57,9 @@ class AdvancedSettings extends HookConsumerWidget {
       () async {
         isManageMediaSupported.value = await checkAndroidVersion();
         if (isManageMediaSupported.value) {
-          manageMediaAndroidPermission.value = await ref.read(permissionRepositoryProvider).hasManageMediaPermission();
+          manageMediaAndroidPermission.value = await ref
+              .read(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider)
+              .hasManageMediaPermission();
         }
       }();
       return null;
@@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ class AdvancedSettings extends HookConsumerWidget {
               subtitle: "advanced_settings_sync_remote_deletions_subtitle".tr(),
               onChanged: (value) async {
                 if (value) {
-                  final result = await ref.read(permissionRepositoryProvider).requestManageMediaPermission();
+                  final result = await ref.read(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider).requestManageMediaPermission();
                   manageLocalMediaAndroid.value = result;
                   manageMediaAndroidPermission.value = result;
                 }
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ class AdvancedSettings extends HookConsumerWidget {
                   ? const Color.fromARGB(255, 243, 188, 106)
                   : null,
               onActionTap: () async {
-                final result = await ref.read(permissionRepositoryProvider).manageMediaPermission();
+                final result = await ref.read(localFilesManagerRepositoryProvider).manageMediaPermission();
                 manageMediaAndroidPermission.value = result;
               },
             ),

mobile/openapi/README.md

@@ -103,12 +103,16 @@ Class | Method | HTTP request | Description
 *AssetsApi* | [**deleteBulkAssetMetadata**](doc//AssetsApi.md#deletebulkassetmetadata) | **DELETE** /assets/metadata | Delete asset metadata
 *AssetsApi* | [**downloadAsset**](doc//AssetsApi.md#downloadasset) | **GET** /assets/{id}/original | Download original asset
 *AssetsApi* | [**editAsset**](doc//AssetsApi.md#editasset) | **PUT** /assets/{id}/edits | Apply edits to an existing asset
+*AssetsApi* | [**endSession**](doc//AssetsApi.md#endsession) | **DELETE** /assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId} | End HLS streaming session
 *AssetsApi* | [**getAssetEdits**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getassetedits) | **GET** /assets/{id}/edits | Retrieve edits for an existing asset
 *AssetsApi* | [**getAssetInfo**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getassetinfo) | **GET** /assets/{id} | Retrieve an asset
 *AssetsApi* | [**getAssetMetadata**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getassetmetadata) | **GET** /assets/{id}/metadata | Get asset metadata
 *AssetsApi* | [**getAssetMetadataByKey**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getassetmetadatabykey) | **GET** /assets/{id}/metadata/{key} | Retrieve asset metadata by key
 *AssetsApi* | [**getAssetOcr**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getassetocr) | **GET** /assets/{id}/ocr | Retrieve asset OCR data
 *AssetsApi* | [**getAssetStatistics**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getassetstatistics) | **GET** /assets/statistics | Get asset statistics
+*AssetsApi* | [**getMainPlaylist**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getmainplaylist) | **GET** /assets/{id}/video/stream/main.m3u8 | Get HLS main playlist
+*AssetsApi* | [**getMediaPlaylist**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getmediaplaylist) | **GET** /assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}/{variantIndex}/playlist.m3u8 | Get HLS media playlist
+*AssetsApi* | [**getSegment**](doc//AssetsApi.md#getsegment) | **GET** /assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}/{variantIndex}/{filename} | Get HLS segment or init file
 *AssetsApi* | [**playAssetVideo**](doc//AssetsApi.md#playassetvideo) | **GET** /assets/{id}/video/playback | Play asset video
 *AssetsApi* | [**removeAssetEdits**](doc//AssetsApi.md#removeassetedits) | **DELETE** /assets/{id}/edits | Remove edits from an existing asset
 *AssetsApi* | [**runAssetJobs**](doc//AssetsApi.md#runassetjobs) | **POST** /assets/jobs | Run an asset job
@@ -594,6 +598,7 @@ Class | Method | HTTP request | Description
  - [SystemConfigBackupsDto](doc//SystemConfigBackupsDto.md)
  - [SystemConfigDto](doc//SystemConfigDto.md)
  - [SystemConfigFFmpegDto](doc//SystemConfigFFmpegDto.md)
+ - [SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto](doc//SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto.md)
  - [SystemConfigFacesDto](doc//SystemConfigFacesDto.md)
  - [SystemConfigGeneratedFullsizeImageDto](doc//SystemConfigGeneratedFullsizeImageDto.md)
  - [SystemConfigGeneratedImageDto](doc//SystemConfigGeneratedImageDto.md)

mobile/openapi/lib/api.dart

@@ -340,6 +340,7 @@ part 'model/sync_user_v1.dart';
 part 'model/system_config_backups_dto.dart';
 part 'model/system_config_dto.dart';
 part 'model/system_config_f_fmpeg_dto.dart';
+part 'model/system_config_f_fmpeg_realtime_dto.dart';
 part 'model/system_config_faces_dto.dart';
 part 'model/system_config_generated_fullsize_image_dto.dart';
 part 'model/system_config_generated_image_dto.dart';

mobile/openapi/lib/api/assets_api.dart

@@ -416,6 +416,75 @@ class AssetsApi {
     return null;
   }
 
+  /// End HLS streaming session
+  ///
+  /// Releases server resources for the streaming session.
+  ///
+  /// Note: This method returns the HTTP [Response].
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] sessionId (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<Response> endSessionWithHttpInfo(String id, String sessionId, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    // ignore: prefer_const_declarations
+    final apiPath = r'/assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}'
+      .replaceAll('{id}', id)
+      .replaceAll('{sessionId}', sessionId);
+
+    // ignore: prefer_final_locals
+    Object? postBody;
+
+    final queryParams = <QueryParam>[];
+    final headerParams = <String, String>{};
+    final formParams = <String, String>{};
+
+    if (key != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'key', key));
+    }
+    if (slug != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'slug', slug));
+    }
+
+    const contentTypes = <String>[];
+
+
+    return apiClient.invokeAPI(
+      apiPath,
+      'DELETE',
+      queryParams,
+      postBody,
+      headerParams,
+      formParams,
+      contentTypes.isEmpty ? null : contentTypes.first,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// End HLS streaming session
+  ///
+  /// Releases server resources for the streaming session.
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] sessionId (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<void> endSession(String id, String sessionId, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    final response = await endSessionWithHttpInfo(id, sessionId,  key: key, slug: slug, );
+    if (response.statusCode >= HttpStatus.badRequest) {
+      throw ApiException(response.statusCode, await _decodeBodyBytes(response));
+    }
+  }
+
   /// Retrieve edits for an existing asset
   ///
   /// Retrieve a series of edit actions (crop, rotate, mirror) associated with the specified asset.
@@ -809,6 +878,247 @@ class AssetsApi {
     return null;
   }
 
+  /// Get HLS main playlist
+  ///
+  /// Returns an HLS main playlist with all available variants for the asset.
+  ///
+  /// Note: This method returns the HTTP [Response].
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<Response> getMainPlaylistWithHttpInfo(String id, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    // ignore: prefer_const_declarations
+    final apiPath = r'/assets/{id}/video/stream/main.m3u8'
+      .replaceAll('{id}', id);
+
+    // ignore: prefer_final_locals
+    Object? postBody;
+
+    final queryParams = <QueryParam>[];
+    final headerParams = <String, String>{};
+    final formParams = <String, String>{};
+
+    if (key != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'key', key));
+    }
+    if (slug != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'slug', slug));
+    }
+
+    const contentTypes = <String>[];
+
+
+    return apiClient.invokeAPI(
+      apiPath,
+      'GET',
+      queryParams,
+      postBody,
+      headerParams,
+      formParams,
+      contentTypes.isEmpty ? null : contentTypes.first,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Get HLS main playlist
+  ///
+  /// Returns an HLS main playlist with all available variants for the asset.
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<String?> getMainPlaylist(String id, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    final response = await getMainPlaylistWithHttpInfo(id,  key: key, slug: slug, );
+    if (response.statusCode >= HttpStatus.badRequest) {
+      throw ApiException(response.statusCode, await _decodeBodyBytes(response));
+    }
+    // When a remote server returns no body with a status of 204, we shall not decode it.
+    // At the time of writing this, `dart:convert` will throw an "Unexpected end of input"
+    // FormatException when trying to decode an empty string.
+    if (response.body.isNotEmpty && response.statusCode != HttpStatus.noContent) {
+      return await apiClient.deserializeAsync(await _decodeBodyBytes(response), 'String',) as String;
+    
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /// Get HLS media playlist
+  ///
+  /// Returns an HLS media playlist for one variant of the streaming session.
+  ///
+  /// Note: This method returns the HTTP [Response].
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] sessionId (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [int] variantIndex (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<Response> getMediaPlaylistWithHttpInfo(String id, String sessionId, int variantIndex, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    // ignore: prefer_const_declarations
+    final apiPath = r'/assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}/{variantIndex}/playlist.m3u8'
+      .replaceAll('{id}', id)
+      .replaceAll('{sessionId}', sessionId)
+      .replaceAll('{variantIndex}', variantIndex.toString());
+
+    // ignore: prefer_final_locals
+    Object? postBody;
+
+    final queryParams = <QueryParam>[];
+    final headerParams = <String, String>{};
+    final formParams = <String, String>{};
+
+    if (key != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'key', key));
+    }
+    if (slug != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'slug', slug));
+    }
+
+    const contentTypes = <String>[];
+
+
+    return apiClient.invokeAPI(
+      apiPath,
+      'GET',
+      queryParams,
+      postBody,
+      headerParams,
+      formParams,
+      contentTypes.isEmpty ? null : contentTypes.first,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Get HLS media playlist
+  ///
+  /// Returns an HLS media playlist for one variant of the streaming session.
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] sessionId (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [int] variantIndex (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<String?> getMediaPlaylist(String id, String sessionId, int variantIndex, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    final response = await getMediaPlaylistWithHttpInfo(id, sessionId, variantIndex,  key: key, slug: slug, );
+    if (response.statusCode >= HttpStatus.badRequest) {
+      throw ApiException(response.statusCode, await _decodeBodyBytes(response));
+    }
+    // When a remote server returns no body with a status of 204, we shall not decode it.
+    // At the time of writing this, `dart:convert` will throw an "Unexpected end of input"
+    // FormatException when trying to decode an empty string.
+    if (response.body.isNotEmpty && response.statusCode != HttpStatus.noContent) {
+      return await apiClient.deserializeAsync(await _decodeBodyBytes(response), 'String',) as String;
+    
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  /// Get HLS segment or init file
+  ///
+  /// Streams an HLS init segment (init.mp4) or media segment (seg_N.m4s).
+  ///
+  /// Note: This method returns the HTTP [Response].
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] filename (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] sessionId (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [int] variantIndex (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<Response> getSegmentWithHttpInfo(String filename, String id, String sessionId, int variantIndex, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    // ignore: prefer_const_declarations
+    final apiPath = r'/assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}/{variantIndex}/{filename}'
+      .replaceAll('{filename}', filename)
+      .replaceAll('{id}', id)
+      .replaceAll('{sessionId}', sessionId)
+      .replaceAll('{variantIndex}', variantIndex.toString());
+
+    // ignore: prefer_final_locals
+    Object? postBody;
+
+    final queryParams = <QueryParam>[];
+    final headerParams = <String, String>{};
+    final formParams = <String, String>{};
+
+    if (key != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'key', key));
+    }
+    if (slug != null) {
+      queryParams.addAll(_queryParams('', 'slug', slug));
+    }
+
+    const contentTypes = <String>[];
+
+
+    return apiClient.invokeAPI(
+      apiPath,
+      'GET',
+      queryParams,
+      postBody,
+      headerParams,
+      formParams,
+      contentTypes.isEmpty ? null : contentTypes.first,
+    );
+  }
+
+  /// Get HLS segment or init file
+  ///
+  /// Streams an HLS init segment (init.mp4) or media segment (seg_N.m4s).
+  ///
+  /// Parameters:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] filename (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] id (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] sessionId (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [int] variantIndex (required):
+  ///
+  /// * [String] key:
+  ///
+  /// * [String] slug:
+  Future<MultipartFile?> getSegment(String filename, String id, String sessionId, int variantIndex, { String? key, String? slug, }) async {
+    final response = await getSegmentWithHttpInfo(filename, id, sessionId, variantIndex,  key: key, slug: slug, );
+    if (response.statusCode >= HttpStatus.badRequest) {
+      throw ApiException(response.statusCode, await _decodeBodyBytes(response));
+    }
+    // When a remote server returns no body with a status of 204, we shall not decode it.
+    // At the time of writing this, `dart:convert` will throw an "Unexpected end of input"
+    // FormatException when trying to decode an empty string.
+    if (response.body.isNotEmpty && response.statusCode != HttpStatus.noContent) {
+      return await apiClient.deserializeAsync(await _decodeBodyBytes(response), 'MultipartFile',) as MultipartFile;
+    
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
   /// Play asset video
   ///
   /// Streams the video file for the specified asset. This endpoint also supports byte range requests.

mobile/openapi/lib/api_client.dart

@@ -726,6 +726,8 @@ class ApiClient {
           return SystemConfigDto.fromJson(value);
         case 'SystemConfigFFmpegDto':
           return SystemConfigFFmpegDto.fromJson(value);
+        case 'SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto':
+          return SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto.fromJson(value);
         case 'SystemConfigFacesDto':
           return SystemConfigFacesDto.fromJson(value);
         case 'SystemConfigGeneratedFullsizeImageDto':

mobile/openapi/lib/model/job_name.dart

@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ class JobName {
   static const librarySyncFilesQueueAll = JobName._(r'LibrarySyncFilesQueueAll');
   static const librarySyncFiles = JobName._(r'LibrarySyncFiles');
   static const libraryScanQueueAll = JobName._(r'LibraryScanQueueAll');
+  static const hlsSessionCleanup = JobName._(r'HlsSessionCleanup');
   static const memoryCleanup = JobName._(r'MemoryCleanup');
   static const memoryGenerate = JobName._(r'MemoryGenerate');
   static const notificationsCleanup = JobName._(r'NotificationsCleanup');
@@ -110,6 +111,7 @@ class JobName {
     librarySyncFilesQueueAll,
     librarySyncFiles,
     libraryScanQueueAll,
+    hlsSessionCleanup,
     memoryCleanup,
     memoryGenerate,
     notificationsCleanup,
@@ -203,6 +205,7 @@ class JobNameTypeTransformer {
         case r'LibrarySyncFilesQueueAll': return JobName.librarySyncFilesQueueAll;
         case r'LibrarySyncFiles': return JobName.librarySyncFiles;
         case r'LibraryScanQueueAll': return JobName.libraryScanQueueAll;
+        case r'HlsSessionCleanup': return JobName.hlsSessionCleanup;
         case r'MemoryCleanup': return JobName.memoryCleanup;
         case r'MemoryGenerate': return JobName.memoryGenerate;
         case r'NotificationsCleanup': return JobName.notificationsCleanup;

mobile/openapi/lib/model/system_config_f_fmpeg_dto.dart

@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
     required this.maxBitrate,
     required this.preferredHwDevice,
     required this.preset,
+    required this.realtime,
     required this.refs,
     required this.targetAudioCodec,
     required this.targetResolution,
@@ -79,6 +80,8 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
   /// Preset
   String preset;
 
+  SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto realtime;
+
   /// References
   ///
   /// Minimum value: 0
@@ -122,6 +125,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
     other.maxBitrate == maxBitrate &&
     other.preferredHwDevice == preferredHwDevice &&
     other.preset == preset &&
+    other.realtime == realtime &&
     other.refs == refs &&
     other.targetAudioCodec == targetAudioCodec &&
     other.targetResolution == targetResolution &&
@@ -147,6 +151,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
     (maxBitrate.hashCode) +
     (preferredHwDevice.hashCode) +
     (preset.hashCode) +
+    (realtime.hashCode) +
     (refs.hashCode) +
     (targetAudioCodec.hashCode) +
     (targetResolution.hashCode) +
@@ -158,7 +163,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
     (twoPass.hashCode);
 
   @override
-  String toString() => 'SystemConfigFFmpegDto[accel=$accel, accelDecode=$accelDecode, acceptedAudioCodecs=$acceptedAudioCodecs, acceptedContainers=$acceptedContainers, acceptedVideoCodecs=$acceptedVideoCodecs, bframes=$bframes, cqMode=$cqMode, crf=$crf, gopSize=$gopSize, maxBitrate=$maxBitrate, preferredHwDevice=$preferredHwDevice, preset=$preset, refs=$refs, targetAudioCodec=$targetAudioCodec, targetResolution=$targetResolution, targetVideoCodec=$targetVideoCodec, temporalAQ=$temporalAQ, threads=$threads, tonemap=$tonemap, transcode=$transcode, twoPass=$twoPass]';
+  String toString() => 'SystemConfigFFmpegDto[accel=$accel, accelDecode=$accelDecode, acceptedAudioCodecs=$acceptedAudioCodecs, acceptedContainers=$acceptedContainers, acceptedVideoCodecs=$acceptedVideoCodecs, bframes=$bframes, cqMode=$cqMode, crf=$crf, gopSize=$gopSize, maxBitrate=$maxBitrate, preferredHwDevice=$preferredHwDevice, preset=$preset, realtime=$realtime, refs=$refs, targetAudioCodec=$targetAudioCodec, targetResolution=$targetResolution, targetVideoCodec=$targetVideoCodec, temporalAQ=$temporalAQ, threads=$threads, tonemap=$tonemap, transcode=$transcode, twoPass=$twoPass]';
 
   Map<String, dynamic> toJson() {
     final json = <String, dynamic>{};
@@ -174,6 +179,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
       json[r'maxBitrate'] = this.maxBitrate;
       json[r'preferredHwDevice'] = this.preferredHwDevice;
       json[r'preset'] = this.preset;
+      json[r'realtime'] = this.realtime;
       json[r'refs'] = this.refs;
       json[r'targetAudioCodec'] = this.targetAudioCodec;
       json[r'targetResolution'] = this.targetResolution;
@@ -207,6 +213,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
         maxBitrate: mapValueOfType<String>(json, r'maxBitrate')!,
         preferredHwDevice: mapValueOfType<String>(json, r'preferredHwDevice')!,
         preset: mapValueOfType<String>(json, r'preset')!,
+        realtime: SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto.fromJson(json[r'realtime'])!,
         refs: mapValueOfType<int>(json, r'refs')!,
         targetAudioCodec: AudioCodec.fromJson(json[r'targetAudioCodec'])!,
         targetResolution: mapValueOfType<String>(json, r'targetResolution')!,
@@ -275,6 +282,7 @@ class SystemConfigFFmpegDto {
     'maxBitrate',
     'preferredHwDevice',
     'preset',
+    'realtime',
     'refs',
     'targetAudioCodec',
     'targetResolution',

mobile/openapi/lib/model/system_config_f_fmpeg_realtime_dto.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+//
+// AUTO-GENERATED FILE, DO NOT MODIFY!
+//
+// @dart=2.18
+
+// ignore_for_file: unused_element, unused_import
+// ignore_for_file: always_put_required_named_parameters_first
+// ignore_for_file: constant_identifier_names
+// ignore_for_file: lines_longer_than_80_chars
+
+part of openapi.api;
+
+class SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto {
+  /// Returns a new [SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto] instance.
+  SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto({
+    required this.enabled,
+  });
+
+  /// Enable real-time HLS transcoding (alpha)
+  bool enabled;
+
+  @override
+  bool operator ==(Object other) => identical(this, other) || other is SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto &&
+    other.enabled == enabled;
+
+  @override
+  int get hashCode =>
+    // ignore: unnecessary_parenthesis
+    (enabled.hashCode);
+
+  @override
+  String toString() => 'SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto[enabled=$enabled]';
+
+  Map<String, dynamic> toJson() {
+    final json = <String, dynamic>{};
+      json[r'enabled'] = this.enabled;
+    return json;
+  }
+
+  /// Returns a new [SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto] instance and imports its values from
+  /// [value] if it's a [Map], null otherwise.
+  // ignore: prefer_constructors_over_static_methods
+  static SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto? fromJson(dynamic value) {
+    upgradeDto(value, "SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto");
+    if (value is Map) {
+      final json = value.cast<String, dynamic>();
+
+      return SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto(
+        enabled: mapValueOfType<bool>(json, r'enabled')!,
+      );
+    }
+    return null;
+  }
+
+  static List<SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto> listFromJson(dynamic json, {bool growable = false,}) {
+    final result = <SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto>[];
+    if (json is List && json.isNotEmpty) {
+      for (final row in json) {
+        final value = SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto.fromJson(row);
+        if (value != null) {
+          result.add(value);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return result.toList(growable: growable);
+  }
+
+  static Map<String, SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto> mapFromJson(dynamic json) {
+    final map = <String, SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto>{};
+    if (json is Map && json.isNotEmpty) {
+      json = json.cast<String, dynamic>(); // ignore: parameter_assignments
+      for (final entry in json.entries) {
+        final value = SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto.fromJson(entry.value);
+        if (value != null) {
+          map[entry.key] = value;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+    return map;
+  }
+
+  // maps a json object with a list of SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto-objects as value to a dart map
+  static Map<String, List<SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto>> mapListFromJson(dynamic json, {bool growable = false,}) {
+    final map = <String, List<SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto>>{};
+    if (json is Map && json.isNotEmpty) {
+      // ignore: parameter_assignments
+      json = json.cast<String, dynamic>();
+      for (final entry in json.entries) {
+        map[entry.key] = SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto.listFromJson(entry.value, growable: growable,);
+      }
+    }
+    return map;
+  }
+
+  /// The list of required keys that must be present in a JSON.
+  static const requiredKeys = <String>{
+    'enabled',
+  };
+}
+

mobile/pigeon/native_sync_api.dart

@@ -11,7 +11,14 @@ import 'package:pigeon/pigeon.dart';
     dartPackageName: 'immich_mobile',
   ),
 )
-enum PlatformAssetPlaybackStyle { unknown, image, video, imageAnimated, livePhoto, videoLooping }
+enum PlatformAssetPlaybackStyle {
+  unknown,
+  image,
+  video,
+  imageAnimated,
+  livePhoto,
+  videoLooping,
+}
 
 class PlatformAsset {
   final String id;
@@ -135,9 +142,6 @@ abstract class NativeSyncApi {
   @TaskQueue(type: TaskQueueType.serialBackgroundThread)
   Map<String, List<PlatformAsset>> getTrashedAssets();
 
-  @async
-  bool restoreFromTrashById(String mediaId, int type);
-
   @TaskQueue(type: TaskQueueType.serialBackgroundThread)
   List<CloudIdResult> getCloudIdForAssetIds(List<String> assetIds);
 }

mobile/pigeon/permission_api.dart

@@ -1,23 +0,0 @@
-import 'package:pigeon/pigeon.dart';
-
-@ConfigurePigeon(
-  PigeonOptions(
-    dartOut: 'lib/platform/permission_api.g.dart',
-    swiftOut: 'ios/Runner/Permission/PermissionApi.g.swift',
-    swiftOptions: SwiftOptions(),
-    kotlinOut: 'android/app/src/main/kotlin/app/alextran/immich/permission/PermissionApi.g.kt',
-    kotlinOptions: KotlinOptions(package: 'app.alextran.immich.permission'),
-    dartOptions: DartOptions(),
-    dartPackageName: 'immich_mobile',
-  ),
-)
-@HostApi()
-abstract class PermissionApi {
-  bool hasManageMediaPermission();
-
-  @async
-  bool requestManageMediaPermission();
-
-  @async
-  bool manageMediaPermission();
-}

mobile/test/domain/services/local_sync_service_test.dart

@@ -10,15 +10,17 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/entities/store.entity.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/db.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/local_album.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/local_asset.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/storage.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/store.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/trashed_local_asset.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/platform/native_sync_api.g.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
 import 'package:mocktail/mocktail.dart';
 
 import '../../domain/service.mock.dart';
 import '../../fixtures/asset.stub.dart';
 import '../../infrastructure/repository.mock.dart';
+import '../../mocks/asset_entity.mock.dart';
 import '../../repository.mocks.dart';
 
 void main() {
@@ -26,8 +28,8 @@ void main() {
   late DriftLocalAlbumRepository mockLocalAlbumRepository;
   late DriftLocalAssetRepository mockLocalAssetRepository;
   late DriftTrashedLocalAssetRepository mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository;
-  late AssetMediaRepository mockAssetMediaRepository;
+  late LocalFilesManagerRepository mockLocalFilesManager;
-  late MockPermissionRepository mockPermissionRepository;
+  late StorageRepository mockStorageRepository;
   late MockNativeSyncApi mockNativeSyncApi;
   late Drift db;
 
@@ -49,8 +51,8 @@ void main() {
     mockLocalAlbumRepository = MockLocalAlbumRepository();
     mockLocalAssetRepository = MockLocalAssetRepository();
     mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository = MockTrashedLocalAssetRepository();
-    mockAssetMediaRepository = MockAssetMediaRepository();
+    mockLocalFilesManager = MockLocalFilesManagerRepository();
-    mockPermissionRepository = MockPermissionRepository();
+    mockStorageRepository = MockStorageRepository();
     mockNativeSyncApi = MockNativeSyncApi();
 
     when(() => mockNativeSyncApi.shouldFullSync()).thenAnswer((_) async => false);
@@ -63,28 +65,25 @@ void main() {
     when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.getToTrash()).thenAnswer((_) async => {});
     when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.applyRestoredAssets(any())).thenAnswer((_) async {});
     when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(any())).thenAnswer((_) async {});
-    when(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.deleteAll(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
+    when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.moveToTrash(any<List<String>>())).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
-      final ids = invocation.positionalArguments.first as List<String>;
-      return ids;
-    });
 
     sut = LocalSyncService(
       localAlbumRepository: mockLocalAlbumRepository,
       localAssetRepository: mockLocalAssetRepository,
       trashedLocalAssetRepository: mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository,
-      assetMediaRepository: mockAssetMediaRepository,
+      localFilesManager: mockLocalFilesManager,
-      permissionRepository: mockPermissionRepository,
+      storageRepository: mockStorageRepository,
       nativeSyncApi: mockNativeSyncApi,
     );
 
     await Store.put(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, false);
-    when(() => mockPermissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => false);
+    when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => false);
   });
 
   group('LocalSyncService - syncTrashedAssets gating', () {
     test('invokes syncTrashedAssets when Android flag enabled and permission granted', () async {
       await Store.put(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, true);
-      when(() => mockPermissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
 
       await sut.sync();
 
@@ -94,7 +93,7 @@ void main() {
 
     test('skips syncTrashedAssets when store flag disabled', () async {
       await Store.put(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, false);
-      when(() => mockPermissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
 
       await sut.sync();
 
@@ -103,7 +102,7 @@ void main() {
 
     test('skips syncTrashedAssets when MANAGE_MEDIA permission absent', () async {
       await Store.put(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, true);
-      when(() => mockPermissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => false);
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => false);
 
       await sut.sync();
 
@@ -115,7 +114,7 @@ void main() {
       addTearDown(() => debugDefaultTargetPlatformOverride = TargetPlatform.android);
 
       await Store.put(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, true);
-      when(() => mockPermissionRepository.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
 
       await sut.sync();
 
@@ -132,13 +131,13 @@ void main() {
         durationMs: 0,
         orientation: 0,
         isFavorite: false,
-        playbackStyle: PlatformAssetPlaybackStyle.image,
+        playbackStyle: PlatformAssetPlaybackStyle.image
       );
 
       final assetsToRestore = [LocalAssetStub.image1];
       when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.getToRestore()).thenAnswer((_) async => assetsToRestore);
       final restoredIds = ['image1'];
-      when(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManager.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
         final Iterable<LocalAsset> requested = invocation.positionalArguments.first as Iterable<LocalAsset>;
         expect(requested, orderedEquals(assetsToRestore));
         return restoredIds;
@@ -151,6 +150,10 @@ void main() {
         },
       );
 
+      final assetEntity = MockAssetEntity();
+      when(() => assetEntity.getMediaUrl()).thenAnswer((_) async => 'content://local-trash');
+      when(() => mockStorageRepository.getAssetEntityForAsset(localAssetToTrash)).thenAnswer((_) async => assetEntity);
+
       await sut.processTrashedAssets({
         'album-a': [platformAsset],
       });
@@ -165,11 +168,12 @@ void main() {
       expect(trashedEntry.asset.name, platformAsset.name);
       verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.getToTrash()).called(1);
 
-      verify(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).called(1);
+      verify(() => mockLocalFilesManager.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).called(1);
       verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.applyRestoredAssets(restoredIds)).called(1);
 
-      final moveArgs = verify(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.deleteAll(captureAny())).captured.single as List<String>;
+      verify(() => mockStorageRepository.getAssetEntityForAsset(localAssetToTrash)).called(1);
-      expect(moveArgs, ['local-trash']);
+      final moveArgs = verify(() => mockLocalFilesManager.moveToTrash(captureAny())).captured.single as List<String>;
+      expect(moveArgs, ['content://local-trash']);
       final trashArgs =
           verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(captureAny())).captured.single
               as Map<String, List<LocalAsset>>;
@@ -177,26 +181,6 @@ void main() {
       expect(trashArgs['album-a'], [localAssetToTrash]);
     });
 
-    test('records only local assets that were moved to device trash', () async {
-      final movedAsset = LocalAssetStub.image1.copyWith(id: 'moved-local', checksum: 'checksum-moved');
-      final skippedAsset = LocalAssetStub.image2.copyWith(id: 'skipped-local', checksum: 'checksum-skipped');
-      when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.getToTrash()).thenAnswer(
-        (_) async => {
-          'album-a': [movedAsset],
-          'album-b': [skippedAsset],
-        },
-      );
-      when(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.deleteAll(any())).thenAnswer((_) async => ['moved-local']);
-
-      await sut.processTrashedAssets({});
-
-      final trashArgs =
-          verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(captureAny())).captured.single
-              as Map<String, List<LocalAsset>>;
-      expect(trashArgs.keys, ['album-a']);
-      expect(trashArgs['album-a'], [movedAsset]);
-    });
-
     test('does not attempt restore when repository has no assets to restore', () async {
       when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.getToRestore()).thenAnswer((_) async => []);
 
@@ -206,7 +190,7 @@ void main() {
           verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.processTrashSnapshot(captureAny())).captured.single
               as Iterable<TrashedAsset>;
       expect(trashedSnapshot, isEmpty);
-      verifyNever(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any()));
+      verifyNever(() => mockLocalFilesManager.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any()));
       verifyNever(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.applyRestoredAssets(any()));
     });
 
@@ -215,7 +199,7 @@ void main() {
 
       await sut.processTrashedAssets({});
 
-      verifyNever(() => mockAssetMediaRepository.deleteAll(any()));
+      verifyNever(() => mockLocalFilesManager.moveToTrash(any()));
       verifyNever(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepository.trashLocalAsset(any()));
     });
   });
@@ -231,7 +215,7 @@ void main() {
         isFavorite: false,
         createdAt: 1700000000,
         updatedAt: 1732000000,
-        playbackStyle: PlatformAssetPlaybackStyle.image,
+        playbackStyle: PlatformAssetPlaybackStyle.image
       );
 
       final localAsset = platformAsset.toLocalAsset();

mobile/test/domain/services/sync_stream_service_test.dart

@@ -12,11 +12,12 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/domain/services/sync_stream.service.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/entities/store.entity.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/db.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/local_asset.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/storage.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/store.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/sync_api.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/sync_stream.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/infrastructure/repositories/trashed_local_asset.repository.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/utils/semver.dart';
 import 'package:mocktail/mocktail.dart';
 import 'package:openapi/api.dart';
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ import '../../api.mocks.dart';
 import '../../fixtures/asset.stub.dart';
 import '../../fixtures/sync_stream.stub.dart';
 import '../../infrastructure/repository.mock.dart';
+import '../../mocks/asset_entity.mock.dart';
 import '../../repository.mocks.dart';
 import '../../service.mocks.dart';
 
@@ -50,8 +52,8 @@ void main() {
   late SyncApiRepository mockSyncApiRepo;
   late DriftLocalAssetRepository mockLocalAssetRepo;
   late DriftTrashedLocalAssetRepository mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo;
-  late AssetMediaRepository mockAssetMediaRepo;
+  late LocalFilesManagerRepository mockLocalFilesManagerRepo;
-  late MockPermissionRepository mockPermissionRepo;
+  late StorageRepository mockStorageRepo;
   late MockApiService mockApi;
   late MockServerApi mockServerApi;
   late MockSyncMigrationRepository mockSyncMigrationRepo;
@@ -84,8 +86,8 @@ void main() {
     mockSyncApiRepo = MockSyncApiRepository();
     mockLocalAssetRepo = MockLocalAssetRepository();
     mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo = MockTrashedLocalAssetRepository();
-    mockAssetMediaRepo = MockAssetMediaRepository();
+    mockLocalFilesManagerRepo = MockLocalFilesManagerRepository();
-    mockPermissionRepo = MockPermissionRepository();
+    mockStorageRepo = MockStorageRepository();
     mockAbortCallbackWrapper = _MockAbortCallbackWrapper();
     mockResetCallbackWrapper = _MockAbortCallbackWrapper();
     mockApi = MockApiService();
@@ -157,8 +159,8 @@ void main() {
       syncStreamRepository: mockSyncStreamRepo,
       localAssetRepository: mockLocalAssetRepo,
       trashedLocalAssetRepository: mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo,
-      assetMediaRepository: mockAssetMediaRepo,
+      localFilesManager: mockLocalFilesManagerRepo,
-      permissionRepository: mockPermissionRepo,
+      storageRepository: mockStorageRepo,
       api: mockApi,
       syncMigrationRepository: mockSyncMigrationRepo,
     );
@@ -168,12 +170,10 @@ void main() {
     when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.getToRestore()).thenAnswer((_) async => []);
     when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.applyRestoredAssets(any())).thenAnswer((_) async {});
     hasManageMediaPermission = false;
-    when(() => mockPermissionRepo.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => hasManageMediaPermission);
+    when(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.hasManageMediaPermission()).thenAnswer((_) async => hasManageMediaPermission);
-    when(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.deleteAll(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
+    when(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.moveToTrash(any())).thenAnswer((_) async => true);
-      final ids = invocation.positionalArguments.first as List<String>;
+    when(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).thenAnswer((_) async => []);
-      return ids;
+    when(() => mockStorageRepo.getAssetEntityForAsset(any())).thenAnswer((_) async => null);
-    });
-    when(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).thenAnswer((_) async => []);
     await Store.put(StoreKey.manageLocalMediaAndroid, false);
   });
 
@@ -241,8 +241,8 @@ void main() {
         syncStreamRepository: mockSyncStreamRepo,
         localAssetRepository: mockLocalAssetRepo,
         trashedLocalAssetRepository: mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo,
-        assetMediaRepository: mockAssetMediaRepo,
+        localFilesManager: mockLocalFilesManagerRepo,
-        permissionRepository: mockPermissionRepo,
+        storageRepository: mockStorageRepo,
         cancelChecker: cancellationChecker.call,
         api: mockApi,
         syncMigrationRepository: mockSyncMigrationRepo,
@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ void main() {
         syncStreamRepository: mockSyncStreamRepo,
         localAssetRepository: mockLocalAssetRepo,
         trashedLocalAssetRepository: mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo,
-        assetMediaRepository: mockAssetMediaRepo,
+        localFilesManager: mockLocalFilesManagerRepo,
-        permissionRepository: mockPermissionRepo,
+        storageRepository: mockStorageRepo,
         cancelChecker: cancellationChecker.call,
         api: mockApi,
         syncMigrationRepository: mockSyncMigrationRepo,
@@ -424,10 +424,18 @@ void main() {
         return assetsByAlbum;
       });
 
-      when(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.deleteAll(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
+      final localEntity = MockAssetEntity();
-        final ids = invocation.positionalArguments.first as List<String>;
+      when(() => localEntity.getMediaUrl()).thenAnswer((_) async => 'content://local-only');
-        expect(ids, unorderedEquals(['local-only', 'merged-local']));
+      when(() => mockStorageRepo.getAssetEntityForAsset(localAsset)).thenAnswer((_) async => localEntity);
-        return ids;
+
+      final mergedEntity = MockAssetEntity();
+      when(() => mergedEntity.getMediaUrl()).thenAnswer((_) async => 'content://merged-local');
+      when(() => mockStorageRepo.getAssetEntityForAsset(mergedAsset)).thenAnswer((_) async => mergedEntity);
+
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.moveToTrash(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
+        final urls = invocation.positionalArguments.first as List<String>;
+        expect(urls, unorderedEquals(['content://local-only', 'content://merged-local']));
+        return true;
       });
 
       final events = [
@@ -453,51 +461,10 @@ void main() {
 
       await simulateEvents(events);
 
-      final trashArgs =
+      verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.trashLocalAsset(assetsByAlbum)).called(1);
-          verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.trashLocalAsset(captureAny())).captured.single
-              as Map<String, List<LocalAsset>>;
-      expect(trashArgs.keys, unorderedEquals(['album-a', 'album-b']));
-      expect(trashArgs['album-a'], [localAsset]);
-      expect(trashArgs['album-b'], [mergedAsset]);
-      verify(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.deleteAll(any())).called(1);
       verify(() => mockSyncApiRepo.ack(['asset-remote-only-3'])).called(1);
     });
 
-    test("records only assets that were moved to device trash", () async {
-      final movedAsset = LocalAssetStub.image1.copyWith(id: 'moved-local', checksum: 'checksum-moved');
-      final skippedAsset = LocalAssetStub.image2.copyWith(id: 'skipped-local', checksum: 'checksum-skipped');
-      when(() => mockLocalAssetRepo.getAssetsFromBackupAlbums(any())).thenAnswer(
-        (_) async => {
-          'album-a': [movedAsset],
-          'album-b': [skippedAsset],
-        },
-      );
-      when(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.deleteAll(any())).thenAnswer((_) async => ['moved-local']);
-
-      final events = [
-        SyncStreamStub.assetTrashed(
-          id: 'remote-moved',
-          checksum: movedAsset.checksum!,
-          ack: 'asset-remote-moved',
-          trashedAt: DateTime(2025, 5, 1),
-        ),
-        SyncStreamStub.assetTrashed(
-          id: 'remote-skipped',
-          checksum: skippedAsset.checksum!,
-          ack: 'asset-remote-skipped',
-          trashedAt: DateTime(2025, 5, 2),
-        ),
-      ];
-
-      await simulateEvents(events);
-
-      final trashArgs =
-          verify(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.trashLocalAsset(captureAny())).captured.single
-              as Map<String, List<LocalAsset>>;
-      expect(trashArgs.keys, ['album-a']);
-      expect(trashArgs['album-a'], [movedAsset]);
-    });
-
     test("skips device trashing when no local assets match the remote trash payload", () async {
       final events = [
         SyncStreamStub.assetTrashed(
@@ -511,7 +478,7 @@ void main() {
       await simulateEvents(events);
 
       verify(() => mockLocalAssetRepo.getAssetsFromBackupAlbums(any())).called(1);
-      verifyNever(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.deleteAll(any()));
+      verifyNever(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.moveToTrash(any()));
       verifyNever(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.trashLocalAsset(any()));
     });
 
@@ -527,7 +494,7 @@ void main() {
       await simulateEvents(events);
 
       verify(() => mockLocalAssetRepo.getAssetsFromBackupAlbums(any())).called(1);
-      verifyNever(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.deleteAll(any()));
+      verifyNever(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.moveToTrash(any()));
       verify(() => mockSyncStreamRepo.deleteAssetsV1(any())).called(1);
     });
 
@@ -538,7 +505,7 @@ void main() {
       when(() => mockTrashedLocalAssetRepo.getToRestore()).thenAnswer((_) async => trashedAssets);
 
       final restoredIds = ['trashed-1'];
-      when(() => mockAssetMediaRepo.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
+      when(() => mockLocalFilesManagerRepo.restoreAssetsFromTrash(any())).thenAnswer((invocation) async {
         final Iterable<LocalAsset> requestedAssets = invocation.positionalArguments.first as Iterable<LocalAsset>;
         expect(requestedAssets, orderedEquals(trashedAssets));
         return restoredIds;

mobile/test/repository.mocks.dart

@@ -3,17 +3,17 @@ import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/asset_media.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/auth.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/auth_api.repository.dart';
 import 'package:immich_mobile/domain/services/tag.service.dart';
-import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/permission.repository.dart';
+import 'package:immich_mobile/repositories/local_files_manager.repository.dart';
 import 'package:mocktail/mocktail.dart';
 
 class MockAssetApiRepository extends Mock implements AssetApiRepository {}
 
 class MockAssetMediaRepository extends Mock implements AssetMediaRepository {}
 
-class MockPermissionRepository extends Mock implements IPermissionRepository {}
-
 class MockAuthApiRepository extends Mock implements AuthApiRepository {}
 
 class MockAuthRepository extends Mock implements AuthRepository {}
 
+class MockLocalFilesManagerRepository extends Mock implements LocalFilesManagerRepository {}
+
 class MockTagService extends Mock implements TagService {}

open-api/immich-openapi-specs.json

@@ -4288,6 +4288,351 @@
         "x-immich-state": "Stable"
       }
     },
+    "/assets/{id}/video/stream/main.m3u8": {
+      "get": {
+        "description": "Returns an HLS main playlist with all available variants for the asset.",
+        "operationId": "getMainPlaylist",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "key",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "slug",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "content": {
+              "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            "description": ""
+          }
+        },
+        "security": [
+          {
+            "bearer": []
+          },
+          {
+            "cookie": []
+          },
+          {
+            "api_key": []
+          }
+        ],
+        "summary": "Get HLS main playlist",
+        "tags": [
+          "Assets"
+        ],
+        "x-immich-history": [
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Added"
+          },
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Alpha"
+          }
+        ],
+        "x-immich-permission": "asset.view",
+        "x-immich-state": "Alpha"
+      }
+    },
+    "/assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}": {
+      "delete": {
+        "description": "Releases server resources for the streaming session.",
+        "operationId": "endSession",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "key",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "sessionId",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "slug",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "204": {
+            "description": ""
+          }
+        },
+        "security": [
+          {
+            "bearer": []
+          },
+          {
+            "cookie": []
+          },
+          {
+            "api_key": []
+          }
+        ],
+        "summary": "End HLS streaming session",
+        "tags": [
+          "Assets"
+        ],
+        "x-immich-history": [
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Added"
+          },
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Alpha"
+          }
+        ],
+        "x-immich-permission": "asset.view",
+        "x-immich-state": "Alpha"
+      }
+    },
+    "/assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}/{variantIndex}/playlist.m3u8": {
+      "get": {
+        "description": "Returns an HLS media playlist for one variant of the streaming session.",
+        "operationId": "getMediaPlaylist",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "key",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "sessionId",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "slug",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "variantIndex",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "minimum": 0,
+              "maximum": 9007199254740991,
+              "type": "integer"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "content": {
+              "application/vnd.apple.mpegurl": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "type": "string"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            "description": ""
+          }
+        },
+        "security": [
+          {
+            "bearer": []
+          },
+          {
+            "cookie": []
+          },
+          {
+            "api_key": []
+          }
+        ],
+        "summary": "Get HLS media playlist",
+        "tags": [
+          "Assets"
+        ],
+        "x-immich-history": [
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Added"
+          },
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Alpha"
+          }
+        ],
+        "x-immich-permission": "asset.view",
+        "x-immich-state": "Alpha"
+      }
+    },
+    "/assets/{id}/video/stream/{sessionId}/{variantIndex}/{filename}": {
+      "get": {
+        "description": "Streams an HLS init segment (init.mp4) or media segment (seg_N.m4s).",
+        "operationId": "getSegment",
+        "parameters": [
+          {
+            "name": "filename",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "pattern": "^(init\\.mp4|seg_\\d+\\.m4s)$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "id",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "key",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "sessionId",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "format": "uuid",
+              "pattern": "^([0-9a-fA-F]{8}-[0-9a-fA-F]{4}-4[0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[89abAB][0-9a-fA-F]{3}-[0-9a-fA-F]{12})$",
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "slug",
+            "required": false,
+            "in": "query",
+            "schema": {
+              "type": "string"
+            }
+          },
+          {
+            "name": "variantIndex",
+            "required": true,
+            "in": "path",
+            "schema": {
+              "minimum": 0,
+              "maximum": 9007199254740991,
+              "type": "integer"
+            }
+          }
+        ],
+        "responses": {
+          "200": {
+            "content": {
+              "application/octet-stream": {
+                "schema": {
+                  "format": "binary",
+                  "type": "string"
+                }
+              }
+            },
+            "description": ""
+          }
+        },
+        "security": [
+          {
+            "bearer": []
+          },
+          {
+            "cookie": []
+          },
+          {
+            "api_key": []
+          }
+        ],
+        "summary": "Get HLS segment or init file",
+        "tags": [
+          "Assets"
+        ],
+        "x-immich-history": [
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Added"
+          },
+          {
+            "version": "v3",
+            "state": "Alpha"
+          }
+        ],
+        "x-immich-permission": "asset.view",
+        "x-immich-state": "Alpha"
+      }
+    },
     "/auth/admin-sign-up": {
       "post": {
         "description": "Create the first admin user in the system.",
@@ -18082,6 +18427,7 @@
           "LibrarySyncFilesQueueAll",
           "LibrarySyncFiles",
           "LibraryScanQueueAll",
+          "HlsSessionCleanup",
           "MemoryCleanup",
           "MemoryGenerate",
           "NotificationsCleanup",
@@ -24040,6 +24386,9 @@
             "description": "Preset",
             "type": "string"
           },
+          "realtime": {
+            "$ref": "#/components/schemas/SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto"
+          },
           "refs": {
             "description": "References",
             "maximum": 6,
@@ -24090,6 +24439,7 @@
           "maxBitrate",
           "preferredHwDevice",
           "preset",
+          "realtime",
           "refs",
           "targetAudioCodec",
           "targetResolution",
@@ -24102,6 +24452,18 @@
         ],
         "type": "object"
       },
+      "SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto": {
+        "properties": {
+          "enabled": {
+            "description": "Enable real-time HLS transcoding (alpha)",
+            "type": "boolean"
+          }
+        },
+        "required": [
+          "enabled"
+        ],
+        "type": "object"
+      },
       "SystemConfigFacesDto": {
         "properties": {
           "import": {

packages/sdk/src/fetch-client.ts

@@ -2227,6 +2227,10 @@ export type DatabaseBackupConfig = {
 export type SystemConfigBackupsDto = {
     database: DatabaseBackupConfig;
 };
+export type SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto = {
+    /** Enable real-time HLS transcoding (alpha) */
+    enabled: boolean;
+};
 export type SystemConfigFFmpegDto = {
     accel: TranscodeHWAccel;
     /** Accelerated decode */
@@ -2250,6 +2254,7 @@ export type SystemConfigFFmpegDto = {
     preferredHwDevice: string;
     /** Preset */
     preset: string;
+    realtime: SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto;
     /** References */
     refs: number;
     targetAudioCodec: AudioCodec;
@@ -4184,6 +4189,82 @@ export function playAssetVideo({ id, key, slug }: {
         ...opts
     }));
 }
+/**
+ * Get HLS main playlist
+ */
+export function getMainPlaylist({ id, key, slug }: {
+    id: string;
+    key?: string;
+    slug?: string;
+}, opts?: Oazapfts.RequestOpts) {
+    return oazapfts.ok(oazapfts.fetchBlob<{
+        status: 200;
+        data: string;
+    }>(`/assets/${encodeURIComponent(id)}/video/stream/main.m3u8${QS.query(QS.explode({
+        key,
+        slug
+    }))}`, {
+        ...opts
+    }));
+}
+/**
+ * End HLS streaming session
+ */
+export function endSession({ id, key, sessionId, slug }: {
+    id: string;
+    key?: string;
+    sessionId: string;
+    slug?: string;
+}, opts?: Oazapfts.RequestOpts) {
+    return oazapfts.ok(oazapfts.fetchText(`/assets/${encodeURIComponent(id)}/video/stream/${encodeURIComponent(sessionId)}${QS.query(QS.explode({
+        key,
+        slug
+    }))}`, {
+        ...opts,
+        method: "DELETE"
+    }));
+}
+/**
+ * Get HLS media playlist
+ */
+export function getMediaPlaylist({ id, key, sessionId, slug, variantIndex }: {
+    id: string;
+    key?: string;
+    sessionId: string;
+    slug?: string;
+    variantIndex: number;
+}, opts?: Oazapfts.RequestOpts) {
+    return oazapfts.ok(oazapfts.fetchBlob<{
+        status: 200;
+        data: string;
+    }>(`/assets/${encodeURIComponent(id)}/video/stream/${encodeURIComponent(sessionId)}/${encodeURIComponent(variantIndex)}/playlist.m3u8${QS.query(QS.explode({
+        key,
+        slug
+    }))}`, {
+        ...opts
+    }));
+}
+/**
+ * Get HLS segment or init file
+ */
+export function getSegment({ filename, id, key, sessionId, slug, variantIndex }: {
+    filename: string;
+    id: string;
+    key?: string;
+    sessionId: string;
+    slug?: string;
+    variantIndex: number;
+}, opts?: Oazapfts.RequestOpts) {
+    return oazapfts.ok(oazapfts.fetchBlob<{
+        status: 200;
+        data: Blob;
+    }>(`/assets/${encodeURIComponent(id)}/video/stream/${encodeURIComponent(sessionId)}/${encodeURIComponent(variantIndex)}/${encodeURIComponent(filename)}${QS.query(QS.explode({
+        key,
+        slug
+    }))}`, {
+        ...opts
+    }));
+}
 /**
  * Register admin
  */
@@ -7082,6 +7163,7 @@ export enum JobName {
     LibrarySyncFilesQueueAll = "LibrarySyncFilesQueueAll",
     LibrarySyncFiles = "LibrarySyncFiles",
     LibraryScanQueueAll = "LibraryScanQueueAll",
+    HlsSessionCleanup = "HlsSessionCleanup",
     MemoryCleanup = "MemoryCleanup",
     MemoryGenerate = "MemoryGenerate",
     NotificationsCleanup = "NotificationsCleanup",

pnpm-lock.yaml

@@ -758,8 +758,8 @@ importers:
         specifier: workspace:*
         version: link:../packages/sdk
       '@immich/ui':
-        specifier: ^0.79.0
+        specifier: ^0.77.0
-        version: 0.79.0(@sveltejs/kit@2.60.1(@opentelemetry/api@1.9.1)(@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte@7.1.2(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(typescript@6.0.3)(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))
+        version: 0.77.3(@sveltejs/kit@2.60.1(@opentelemetry/api@1.9.1)(@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte@7.1.2(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(typescript@6.0.3)(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))
       '@mapbox/mapbox-gl-rtl-text':
         specifier: 0.4.0
         version: 0.4.0
@@ -3204,8 +3204,8 @@ packages:
     resolution: {integrity: sha512-O1SJ+BbeFVsUTF4af1MfagJZM+lPgLjI8lQ3SZNjpo8SGJReSbUl2ii03OKuGni/G0yp2GnRLpOTNSHYGtVrcg==}
     hasBin: true
 
-  '@immich/ui@0.79.0':
+  '@immich/ui@0.77.3':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-UEQZrP8CTc4Kth1xCV8/6Xmk1P51GQKISC7vKqcrM0BO0fxCaNwJK8Ocn6R8baVqH52JYfPb1yQR9bweBnCjXw==}
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-h3jrYE3JyGDOwXF7A4tVUHenP0L7TsDV22FyFInBTdwlWjjXoknwE1HWeTvvLxLeMuO5SHCZ9Q2D2al84xVjNw==}
     peerDependencies:
       '@sveltejs/kit': ^2.13.0
       svelte: ^5.0.0
@@ -15879,7 +15879,7 @@ snapshots:
       pg-connection-string: 2.13.0
       postgres: 3.4.9
 
-  '@immich/ui@0.79.0(@sveltejs/kit@2.60.1(@opentelemetry/api@1.9.1)(@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte@7.1.2(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(typescript@6.0.3)(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))':
+  '@immich/ui@0.77.3(@sveltejs/kit@2.60.1(@opentelemetry/api@1.9.1)(@sveltejs/vite-plugin-svelte@7.1.2(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))(typescript@6.0.3)(vite@8.0.13(@types/node@24.12.4)(esbuild@0.28.0)(jiti@2.7.0)(sass@1.99.0)(terser@5.47.1)(tsx@4.22.3)(yaml@2.9.0)))(svelte@5.55.8(@typescript-eslint/types@8.59.4))':
     dependencies:
       '@internationalized/date': 3.12.1
       '@mdi/js': 7.4.47

server/src/config.ts

@@ -45,6 +45,9 @@ export type SystemConfig = {
     accel: TranscodeHardwareAcceleration;
     accelDecode: boolean;
     tonemap: ToneMapping;
+    realtime: {
+      enabled: boolean;
+    };
   };
   job: Record<ConcurrentQueueName, { concurrency: number }>;
   logging: {
@@ -224,6 +227,9 @@ export const defaults = Object.freeze<SystemConfig>({
     tonemap: ToneMapping.Hable,
     accel: TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Disabled,
     accelDecode: true,
+    realtime: {
+      enabled: false,
+    },
   },
   job: {
     [QueueName.BackgroundTask]: { concurrency: 5 },

server/src/constants.ts

@@ -1,7 +1,15 @@
 import { readFileSync } from 'node:fs';
 import { dirname, join } from 'node:path';
 import { SemVer } from 'semver';
-import { ApiTag, AudioCodec, DatabaseExtension, ExifOrientation, VectorIndex } from 'src/enum';
+import {
+  ApiTag,
+  AudioCodec,
+  DatabaseExtension,
+  ExifOrientation,
+  TranscodeHardwareAcceleration,
+  VectorIndex,
+  VideoCodec,
+} from 'src/enum';
 
 export const IMMICH_SERVER_START = 'Immich Server is listening';
 
@@ -202,3 +210,32 @@ export const AUDIO_ENCODER: Record<AudioCodec, string> = {
   [AudioCodec.Opus]: 'libopus',
   [AudioCodec.PcmS16le]: 'pcm_s16le',
 };
+
+export const SUPPORTED_HWA_CODECS: Record<TranscodeHardwareAcceleration, VideoCodec[]> = {
+  [TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Nvenc]: [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Av1],
+  [TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Qsv]: [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Vp9, VideoCodec.Av1],
+  [TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Vaapi]: [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Vp9, VideoCodec.Av1],
+  [TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Rkmpp]: [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc],
+  [TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Disabled]: [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Vp9, VideoCodec.Av1],
+};
+
+export const HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS = 30;
+export const HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS = 15;
+export const HLS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS = 60 * 1000;
+export const HLS_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS = 5 * 60 * 1000;
+export const HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS = 30 * 60 * 1000;
+export const HLS_PLAYLIST_CONTENT_TYPE = 'application/vnd.apple.mpegurl';
+export const HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION = 2;
+export const HLS_SEGMENT_FILENAME_REGEX = /^seg_(\d+)\.m4s$/;
+export const HLS_VARIANTS = [
+  { resolution: 480, codec: VideoCodec.Av1, bitrate: 1_000_000, codecString: 'av01.0.04M.08' },
+  { resolution: 480, codec: VideoCodec.Hevc, bitrate: 1_200_000, codecString: 'hvc1.1.6.L90.B0' },
+  { resolution: 480, codec: VideoCodec.H264, bitrate: 2_500_000, codecString: 'avc1.64001e' },
+  { resolution: 720, codec: VideoCodec.Av1, bitrate: 2_000_000, codecString: 'av01.0.08M.08' },
+  { resolution: 720, codec: VideoCodec.Hevc, bitrate: 2_500_000, codecString: 'hvc1.1.6.L93.B0' },
+  { resolution: 720, codec: VideoCodec.H264, bitrate: 5_000_000, codecString: 'avc1.64001f' },
+  { resolution: 1080, codec: VideoCodec.Av1, bitrate: 4_000_000, codecString: 'av01.0.09M.08' },
+  { resolution: 1080, codec: VideoCodec.Hevc, bitrate: 4_500_000, codecString: 'hvc1.1.6.L120.B0' },
+  { resolution: 1080, codec: VideoCodec.H264, bitrate: 8_000_000, codecString: 'avc1.640028' },
+];
+export const HLS_VERSION = 7;

server/src/controllers/index.ts

@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ import { TimelineController } from 'src/controllers/timeline.controller';
 import { TrashController } from 'src/controllers/trash.controller';
 import { UserAdminController } from 'src/controllers/user-admin.controller';
 import { UserController } from 'src/controllers/user.controller';
+import { VideoStreamController } from 'src/controllers/video-stream.controller';
 import { ViewController } from 'src/controllers/view.controller';
 import { WorkflowController } from 'src/controllers/workflow.controller';
 
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@ export const controllers = [
   TrashController,
   UserAdminController,
   UserController,
+  VideoStreamController,
   ViewController,
   WorkflowController,
 ];

server/src/controllers/video-stream.controller.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { Controller, Delete, Get, Header, HttpCode, HttpStatus, Next, Param, Res } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ApiProduces, ApiTags } from '@nestjs/swagger';
+import { NextFunction, Response } from 'express';
+import { HLS_PLAYLIST_CONTENT_TYPE } from 'src/constants';
+import { Endpoint, HistoryBuilder } from 'src/decorators';
+import { AuthDto } from 'src/dtos/auth.dto';
+import { HlsSegmentParamDto, HlsSessionParamDto, HlsVariantParamDto } from 'src/dtos/streaming.dto';
+import { ApiTag, Permission, RouteKey } from 'src/enum';
+import { Auth, Authenticated, FileResponse } from 'src/middleware/auth.guard';
+import { LoggingRepository } from 'src/repositories/logging.repository';
+import { HlsService } from 'src/services/hls.service';
+import { sendFile } from 'src/utils/file';
+import { UUIDParamDto } from 'src/validation';
+
+@ApiTags(ApiTag.Assets)
+@Controller(RouteKey.Asset)
+export class VideoStreamController {
+  constructor(
+    private logger: LoggingRepository,
+    private service: HlsService,
+  ) {}
+
+  @Get(':id/video/stream/main.m3u8')
+  @Authenticated({ permission: Permission.AssetView, sharedLink: true })
+  @Header('Cache-Control', 'no-cache')
+  @Header('Content-Type', HLS_PLAYLIST_CONTENT_TYPE)
+  @ApiProduces(HLS_PLAYLIST_CONTENT_TYPE)
+  @Endpoint({
+    summary: 'Get HLS main playlist',
+    description: 'Returns an HLS main playlist with all available variants for the asset.',
+    history: new HistoryBuilder().added('v3').alpha('v3'),
+  })
+  getMainPlaylist(@Auth() auth: AuthDto, @Param() { id }: UUIDParamDto) {
+    return this.service.getMainPlaylist(auth, id);
+  }
+
+  @Get(':id/video/stream/:sessionId/:variantIndex/playlist.m3u8')
+  @Authenticated({ permission: Permission.AssetView, sharedLink: true })
+  @Header('Cache-Control', 'no-cache')
+  @Header('Content-Type', HLS_PLAYLIST_CONTENT_TYPE)
+  @ApiProduces(HLS_PLAYLIST_CONTENT_TYPE)
+  @Endpoint({
+    summary: 'Get HLS media playlist',
+    description: 'Returns an HLS media playlist for one variant of the streaming session.',
+    history: new HistoryBuilder().added('v3').alpha('v3'),
+  })
+  getMediaPlaylist(@Auth() auth: AuthDto, @Param() { id, sessionId }: HlsVariantParamDto) {
+    return this.service.getMediaPlaylist(auth, id, sessionId);
+  }
+
+  @Get(':id/video/stream/:sessionId/:variantIndex/:filename')
+  @FileResponse()
+  @Authenticated({ permission: Permission.AssetView, sharedLink: true })
+  @Endpoint({
+    summary: 'Get HLS segment or init file',
+    description: 'Streams an HLS init segment (init.mp4) or media segment (seg_N.m4s).',
+    history: new HistoryBuilder().added('v3').alpha('v3'),
+  })
+  async getSegment(
+    @Auth() auth: AuthDto,
+    @Param() { id, sessionId, variantIndex, filename }: HlsSegmentParamDto,
+    @Res() res: Response,
+    @Next() next: NextFunction,
+  ) {
+    await sendFile(res, next, () => this.service.getSegment(auth, id, sessionId, variantIndex, filename), this.logger);
+  }
+
+  @Delete(':id/video/stream/:sessionId')
+  @HttpCode(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT)
+  @Authenticated({ permission: Permission.AssetView, sharedLink: true })
+  @Endpoint({
+    summary: 'End HLS streaming session',
+    description: 'Releases server resources for the streaming session.',
+    history: new HistoryBuilder().added('v3').alpha('v3'),
+  })
+  async endSession(@Auth() auth: AuthDto, @Param() { id, sessionId }: HlsSessionParamDto) {
+    await this.service.endSession(auth, id, sessionId);
+  }
+}

server/src/cores/storage.core.ts

@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ export interface MoveRequest {
 
 export type ThumbnailPathEntity = { id: string; ownerId: string };
 
+export type HlsSessionFolder = { ownerId: string; sessionId: string };
+
+export type HlsVariantFolder = { ownerId: string; sessionId: string; variantIndex: number };
+
 export type ImagePathOptions = { fileType: AssetFileType; format: ImageFormat | RawExtractedFormat; isEdited: boolean };
 
 let instance: StorageCore | null;
@@ -125,6 +129,14 @@ export class StorageCore {
     return StorageCore.getNestedPath(StorageFolder.EncodedVideo, asset.ownerId, `${asset.id}.mp4`);
   }
 
+  static getHlsSessionFolder({ ownerId, sessionId }: HlsSessionFolder) {
+    return StorageCore.getNestedPath(StorageFolder.EncodedVideo, ownerId, sessionId);
+  }
+
+  static getHlsVariantFolder({ ownerId, sessionId, variantIndex }: HlsVariantFolder) {
+    return join(StorageCore.getHlsSessionFolder({ ownerId, sessionId }), variantIndex.toString());
+  }
+
   static getAndroidMotionPath(asset: ThumbnailPathEntity, uuid: string) {
     return StorageCore.getNestedPath(StorageFolder.EncodedVideo, asset.ownerId, `${uuid}-MP.mp4`);
   }

server/src/dtos/streaming.dto.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+import { createZodDto } from 'nestjs-zod';
+import z from 'zod';
+
+const HlsSessionParamSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.uuidv4(),
+  sessionId: z.uuidv4(),
+});
+
+export class HlsSessionParamDto extends createZodDto(HlsSessionParamSchema) {}
+
+const HlsVariantParamSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.uuidv4(),
+  sessionId: z.uuidv4(),
+  variantIndex: z.coerce.number().int().min(0),
+});
+
+export class HlsVariantParamDto extends createZodDto(HlsVariantParamSchema) {}
+
+const HlsSegmentParamSchema = z.object({
+  id: z.uuidv4(),
+  sessionId: z.uuidv4(),
+  variantIndex: z.coerce.number().int().min(0),
+  filename: z.string().regex(/^(init\.mp4|seg_\d+\.m4s)$/, { error: 'Invalid HLS segment filename' }),
+});
+
+export class HlsSegmentParamDto extends createZodDto(HlsSegmentParamSchema) {}

server/src/dtos/system-config.dto.ts

@@ -79,6 +79,11 @@ const SystemConfigFFmpegSchema = z
     accel: TranscodeHardwareAccelerationSchema,
     accelDecode: configBool.describe('Accelerated decode'),
     tonemap: ToneMappingSchema,
+    realtime: z
+      .object({
+        enabled: configBool.describe('Enable real-time HLS transcoding (alpha)'),
+      })
+      .meta({ id: 'SystemConfigFFmpegRealtimeDto' }),
   })
   .meta({ id: 'SystemConfigFFmpegDto' });
 

server/src/enum.ts

@@ -452,11 +452,7 @@ export enum VideoCodec {
 
 export const VideoCodecSchema = z.enum(VideoCodec).describe('Target video codec').meta({ id: 'VideoCodec' });
 
-export enum VideoSegmentCodec {
+export type VideoSegmentCodec = VideoCodec.Av1 | VideoCodec.Hevc | VideoCodec.H264;
-  Av1 = 'av1',
-  Hevc = 'hevc',
-  H264 = 'h264',
-}
 
 export enum AudioCodec {
   Mp3 = 'mp3',
@@ -826,6 +822,8 @@ export enum JobName {
   LibrarySyncFiles = 'LibrarySyncFiles',
   LibraryScanQueueAll = 'LibraryScanQueueAll',
 
+  HlsSessionCleanup = 'HlsSessionCleanup',
+
   MemoryCleanup = 'MemoryCleanup',
   MemoryGenerate = 'MemoryGenerate',
 
@@ -919,6 +917,7 @@ export enum DatabaseLock {
   MaintenanceOperation = 621,
   MemoryCreation = 777,
   VersionCheck = 800,
+  HlsSessionCleanup = 850,
 }
 
 export enum MaintenanceAction {

server/src/queries/video.stream.repository.sql

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ from
   "video_stream_session"
 where
   "id" = $1
+  and "expiresAt" > $2
 
 -- VideoStreamRepository.getVariant
 select
@@ -27,11 +28,13 @@ where
 
 -- VideoStreamRepository.getExpiredSessions
 select
-  "id"
+  "video_stream_session"."id",
+  "asset"."ownerId"
 from
   "video_stream_session"
+  inner join "asset" on "asset"."id" = "video_stream_session"."assetId"
 where
-  "expiresAt" <= $1
+  "video_stream_session"."expiresAt" <= $1
 
 -- VideoStreamRepository.extendSession
 update "video_stream_session"
@@ -44,3 +47,253 @@ where
 delete from "video_stream_session"
 where
   "id" = $1
+
+-- VideoStreamRepository.getForMainPlaylist
+select
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_video"."index",
+          "asset_video"."codecName",
+          "asset_video"."profile",
+          "asset_video"."level",
+          "asset_video"."bitrate",
+          "asset_exif"."exifImageWidth" as "width",
+          "asset_exif"."exifImageHeight" as "height",
+          "asset_video"."pixelFormat",
+          "asset_video"."frameCount",
+          "asset_exif"."fps" as "frameRate",
+          "asset_video"."timeBase",
+          case
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '6' then -90
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '8' then 90
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '3' then 180
+            else 0
+          end as "rotation",
+          "asset_video"."colorPrimaries",
+          "asset_video"."colorMatrix",
+          "asset_video"."colorTransfer",
+          "asset_video"."dvProfile",
+          "asset_video"."dvLevel",
+          "asset_video"."dvBlSignalCompatibilityId"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_video"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "videoStream",
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_keyframe"."pts" as "keyframePts",
+          "asset_keyframe"."accDuration" as "keyframeAccDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."ownDuration" as "keyframeOwnDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."totalDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."packetCount",
+          "asset_keyframe"."outputFrames"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_keyframe"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "packets"
+from
+  "asset"
+  inner join "asset_exif" on "asset"."id" = "asset_exif"."assetId"
+  inner join "asset_video" on "asset"."id" = "asset_video"."assetId"
+  inner join "asset_keyframe" on "asset"."id" = "asset_keyframe"."assetId"
+where
+  "asset"."id" = $1
+
+-- VideoStreamRepository.getForMediaPlaylist
+select
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_video"."index",
+          "asset_video"."codecName",
+          "asset_video"."profile",
+          "asset_video"."level",
+          "asset_video"."bitrate",
+          "asset_exif"."exifImageWidth" as "width",
+          "asset_exif"."exifImageHeight" as "height",
+          "asset_video"."pixelFormat",
+          "asset_video"."frameCount",
+          "asset_exif"."fps" as "frameRate",
+          "asset_video"."timeBase",
+          case
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '6' then -90
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '8' then 90
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '3' then 180
+            else 0
+          end as "rotation",
+          "asset_video"."colorPrimaries",
+          "asset_video"."colorMatrix",
+          "asset_video"."colorTransfer",
+          "asset_video"."dvProfile",
+          "asset_video"."dvLevel",
+          "asset_video"."dvBlSignalCompatibilityId"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_video"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "videoStream",
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_keyframe"."pts" as "keyframePts",
+          "asset_keyframe"."accDuration" as "keyframeAccDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."ownDuration" as "keyframeOwnDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."totalDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."packetCount",
+          "asset_keyframe"."outputFrames"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_keyframe"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "packets"
+from
+  "asset"
+  inner join "asset_exif" on "asset"."id" = "asset_exif"."assetId"
+  inner join "video_stream_session" on "asset"."id" = "video_stream_session"."assetId"
+  inner join "asset_video" on "asset"."id" = "asset_video"."assetId"
+  inner join "asset_keyframe" on "asset"."id" = "asset_keyframe"."assetId"
+where
+  "asset"."id" = $1
+  and "video_stream_session"."id" = $2
+  and "video_stream_session"."expiresAt" > $3
+
+-- VideoStreamRepository.getForTranscoding
+select
+  "asset"."originalPath",
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_audio"."index",
+          "asset_audio"."codecName",
+          "asset_audio"."profile",
+          "asset_audio"."bitrate"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_audio"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "audioStream",
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_video"."index",
+          "asset_video"."codecName",
+          "asset_video"."profile",
+          "asset_video"."level",
+          "asset_video"."bitrate",
+          "asset_exif"."exifImageWidth" as "width",
+          "asset_exif"."exifImageHeight" as "height",
+          "asset_video"."pixelFormat",
+          "asset_video"."frameCount",
+          "asset_exif"."fps" as "frameRate",
+          "asset_video"."timeBase",
+          case
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '6' then -90
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '8' then 90
+            when "asset_exif"."orientation" = '3' then 180
+            else 0
+          end as "rotation",
+          "asset_video"."colorPrimaries",
+          "asset_video"."colorMatrix",
+          "asset_video"."colorTransfer",
+          "asset_video"."dvProfile",
+          "asset_video"."dvLevel",
+          "asset_video"."dvBlSignalCompatibilityId"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_video"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "videoStream",
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_video"."formatName",
+          "asset_video"."formatLongName",
+          "asset"."duration",
+          "asset_video"."bitrate"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_video"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "format",
+  (
+    select
+      to_json(obj)
+    from
+      (
+        select
+          "asset_keyframe"."pts" as "keyframePts",
+          "asset_keyframe"."accDuration" as "keyframeAccDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."ownDuration" as "keyframeOwnDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."totalDuration",
+          "asset_keyframe"."packetCount",
+          "asset_keyframe"."outputFrames"
+        from
+          (
+            select
+              1
+          ) as "dummy"
+        where
+          "asset_keyframe"."assetId" is not null
+      ) as obj
+  ) as "packets"
+from
+  "asset"
+  inner join "asset_exif" on "asset"."id" = "asset_exif"."assetId"
+  left join "asset_audio" on "asset"."id" = "asset_audio"."assetId"
+  inner join "asset_video" on "asset"."id" = "asset_video"."assetId"
+  inner join "asset_keyframe" on "asset"."id" = "asset_keyframe"."assetId"
+where
+  "asset"."id" = $1

server/src/repositories/event.repository.ts

@@ -92,6 +92,14 @@ type EventMap = {
 
   AuthChangePassword: [{ userId: string; currentSessionId?: string; invalidateSessions?: boolean }];
 
+  // hls streaming events
+  HlsSegmentRequest: [{ sessionId: string; assetId: string; variantIndex: number; segmentIndex: number }];
+  HlsSegmentResult: [{ sessionId: string; variantIndex: number; segmentIndex: number; error?: string }];
+  HlsHeartbeat: [{ sessionId: string; variantIndex?: number; segmentIndex?: number }];
+  HlsSessionRequest: [{ sessionId: string; assetId: string; ownerId: string }];
+  HlsSessionResult: [{ sessionId: string; error?: string }];
+  HlsSessionEnd: [{ sessionId: string }];
+
   // websocket events
   WebsocketConnect: [{ userId: string }];
 };

server/src/repositories/media.repository.ts

@@ -490,18 +490,43 @@ export class MediaRepository {
     return this.parseInt(b.bit_rate) - this.parseInt(a.bit_rate);
   }
 
+  /* Ported from https://code.ffmpeg.org/FFmpeg/FFmpeg/src/commit/5c44245878e235ae64fe87fb9877644856d33d1d/fftools/ffmpeg_filter.c
+   * SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later
+   * Copyright (c) FFmpeg authors and contributors — https://ffmpeg.org/
+   * Modifications: TS port operating on probe-derived packet metadata rather than decoded AVFrames. */
   private cfrOutputFrames(packets: { pts: number; duration: number }[], slotsPerTick: number) {
-    // Packets may be out of PTS order due to B-frames
     packets.sort((a, b) => a.pts - b.pts);
     const firstPts = packets[0].pts;
     let outputFrames = 0;
     let nextPts = 0;
+    const history = [0, 0, 0];
     for (const pkt of packets) {
-      const delta = (pkt.pts - firstPts) * slotsPerTick - nextPts + pkt.duration * slotsPerTick;
+      const syncIpts = (pkt.pts - firstPts) * slotsPerTick;
-      const nb = delta < -1.1 ? 0 : delta > 1.1 ? Math.round(delta) : 1;
+      const duration = pkt.duration * slotsPerTick;
+      let delta0 = syncIpts - nextPts;
+      const delta = delta0 + duration;
+
+      if (delta0 < 0 && delta > 0) {
+        delta0 = 0;
+      }
+
+      let nb = 1;
+      let nbPrev = 0;
+      if (delta < -1.1) {
+        nb = 0;
+      } else if (delta > 1.1) {
+        nb = Math.round(delta);
+        if (delta0 > 1.1) {
+          nbPrev = Math.round(delta0 - 0.6);
+        }
+      }
       outputFrames += nb;
       nextPts += nb;
+      history[2] = history[1];
+      history[1] = history[0];
+      history[0] = nbPrev;
     }
-    return outputFrames;
+    const median = history.sort((a, b) => a - b)[1];
+    return outputFrames + median;
   }
 }

server/src/repositories/process.repository.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
 import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
-import { ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams, fork, spawn, SpawnOptionsWithoutStdio } from 'node:child_process';
+import { fork, spawn, SpawnOptionsWithoutStdio } from 'node:child_process';
 import { Duplex } from 'node:stream';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class ProcessRepository {
-  spawn(command: string, args?: readonly string[], options?: SpawnOptionsWithoutStdio): ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams {
+  spawn = spawn;
-    return spawn(command, args, options);
-  }
 
   spawnDuplexStream(command: string, args?: readonly string[], options?: SpawnOptionsWithoutStdio): Duplex {
     let stdinClosed = false;

server/src/repositories/storage.repository.ts

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
   existsSync,
   mkdirSync,
   ReadOptionsWithBuffer,
+  watch,
 } from 'node:fs';
 import fs from 'node:fs/promises';
 import path from 'node:path';
@@ -277,6 +278,8 @@ export class StorageRepository {
     return () => watcher.close();
   }
 
+  watchDir = watch; // Native fs.watch without chokidar overhead
+
   private asGlob(pathToCrawl: string): string {
     const escapedPath = escapePath(pathToCrawl).replaceAll('"', '["]').replaceAll("'", "[']").replaceAll('`', '[`]');
     const extensions = `*{${mimeTypes.getSupportedFileExtensions().join(',')}}`;

server/src/repositories/video-stream.repository.ts

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
   VideoStreamSessionTable,
   VideoStreamVariantTable,
 } from 'src/schema/tables/video-stream.table';
+import { withAudioStream, withVideoFormat, withVideoPackets, withVideoStream } from 'src/utils/database';
 
 @Injectable()
 export class VideoStreamRepository {
@@ -27,7 +28,12 @@ export class VideoStreamRepository {
 
   @GenerateSql({ params: [DummyValue.UUID] })
   getSession(id: string) {
-    return this.db.selectFrom('video_stream_session').selectAll().where('id', '=', id).executeTakeFirst();
+    return this.db
+      .selectFrom('video_stream_session')
+      .selectAll()
+      .where('id', '=', id)
+      .where('expiresAt', '>', new Date())
+      .executeTakeFirst();
   }
 
   @GenerateSql({ params: [DummyValue.UUID] })
@@ -47,7 +53,12 @@ export class VideoStreamRepository {
 
   @GenerateSql()
   getExpiredSessions() {
-    return this.db.selectFrom('video_stream_session').select(['id']).where('expiresAt', '<=', new Date()).execute();
+    return this.db
+      .selectFrom('video_stream_session')
+      .innerJoin('asset', 'asset.id', 'video_stream_session.assetId')
+      .select(['video_stream_session.id', 'asset.ownerId'])
+      .where('video_stream_session.expiresAt', '<=', new Date())
+      .execute();
   }
 
   @GenerateSql({ params: [DummyValue.UUID, DummyValue.DATE] })
@@ -59,4 +70,50 @@ export class VideoStreamRepository {
   async deleteSession(id: string) {
     await this.db.deleteFrom('video_stream_session').where('id', '=', id).execute();
   }
+
+  @GenerateSql({ params: [DummyValue.UUID] })
+  async getForMainPlaylist(id: string) {
+    return this.db
+      .selectFrom('asset')
+      .innerJoin('asset_exif', 'asset.id', 'asset_exif.assetId')
+      .where('asset.id', '=', id)
+      .innerJoin('asset_video', 'asset.id', 'asset_video.assetId')
+      .innerJoin('asset_keyframe', 'asset.id', 'asset_keyframe.assetId')
+      .select((eb) => withVideoStream(eb).$notNull().as('videoStream'))
+      .select((eb) => withVideoPackets(eb).$notNull().as('packets'))
+      .executeTakeFirst();
+  }
+
+  @GenerateSql({ params: [DummyValue.UUID, DummyValue.UUID] })
+  async getForMediaPlaylist(id: string, sessionId: string) {
+    return this.db
+      .selectFrom('asset')
+      .innerJoin('asset_exif', 'asset.id', 'asset_exif.assetId')
+      .innerJoin('video_stream_session', 'asset.id', 'video_stream_session.assetId')
+      .where('asset.id', '=', id)
+      .where('video_stream_session.id', '=', sessionId)
+      .where('video_stream_session.expiresAt', '>', new Date())
+      .innerJoin('asset_video', 'asset.id', 'asset_video.assetId')
+      .innerJoin('asset_keyframe', 'asset.id', 'asset_keyframe.assetId')
+      .select((eb) => withVideoStream(eb).$notNull().as('videoStream'))
+      .select((eb) => withVideoPackets(eb).$notNull().as('packets'))
+      .executeTakeFirst();
+  }
+
+  @GenerateSql({ params: [DummyValue.UUID] })
+  async getForTranscoding(id: string) {
+    return this.db
+      .selectFrom('asset')
+      .innerJoin('asset_exif', 'asset.id', 'asset_exif.assetId')
+      .where('asset.id', '=', id)
+      .leftJoin('asset_audio', 'asset.id', 'asset_audio.assetId')
+      .innerJoin('asset_video', 'asset.id', 'asset_video.assetId')
+      .innerJoin('asset_keyframe', 'asset.id', 'asset_keyframe.assetId')
+      .select('asset.originalPath')
+      .select((eb) => withAudioStream(eb).as('audioStream'))
+      .select((eb) => withVideoStream(eb).$notNull().as('videoStream'))
+      .select((eb) => withVideoFormat(eb).$notNull().as('format'))
+      .select((eb) => withVideoPackets(eb).$notNull().as('packets'))
+      .executeTakeFirst();
+  }
 }

server/src/repositories/websocket.repository.ts

@@ -16,7 +16,16 @@ import { AppRestartEvent, ArgsOf, EventRepository } from 'src/repositories/event
 import { LoggingRepository } from 'src/repositories/logging.repository';
 import { handlePromiseError } from 'src/utils/misc';
 
-export const serverEvents = ['ConfigUpdate', 'AppRestart'] as const;
+export const serverEvents = [
+  'ConfigUpdate',
+  'AppRestart',
+  'HlsSegmentRequest',
+  'HlsSegmentResult',
+  'HlsHeartbeat',
+  'HlsSessionRequest',
+  'HlsSessionResult',
+  'HlsSessionEnd',
+] as const;
 export type ServerEvents = (typeof serverEvents)[number];
 
 export interface ClientEventMap {

server/src/schema/enums.ts

@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
 import { registerEnum } from '@immich/sql-tools';
-import {
+import { AlbumUserRole, AssetStatus, AssetVisibility, ChecksumAlgorithm, SourceType, VideoCodec } from 'src/enum';
-  AlbumUserRole,
-  AssetStatus,
-  AssetVisibility,
-  ChecksumAlgorithm,
-  SourceType,
-  VideoSegmentCodec,
-} from 'src/enum';
 
 export const album_user_role_enum = registerEnum({
   name: 'album_user_role_enum',
@@ -35,5 +28,5 @@ export const asset_checksum_algorithm_enum = registerEnum({
 
 export const video_stream_variant_codec_enum = registerEnum({
   name: 'video_stream_variant_codec_enum',
-  values: Object.values(VideoSegmentCodec),
+  values: [VideoCodec.Av1, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.H264],
 });

server/src/services/hls.service.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,327 @@
+import { BadRequestException, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { TranscodeHardwareAcceleration } from 'src/enum';
+import { HlsService } from 'src/services/hls.service';
+import { eiffelTower, train, waterfall } from 'test/fixtures/media.stub';
+import { factory } from 'test/small.factory';
+import { newTestService, ServiceMocks } from 'test/utils';
+
+// EXTINF values come from FFmpeg's playlist to enforce an exact match
+const eiffelExpectedMediaPlaylist = `#EXTM3U
+#EXT-X-VERSION:7
+#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:2
+#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
+#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD
+#EXT-X-MAP:URI="init.mp4"
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_0.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_1.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_2.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_3.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_4.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_5.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_6.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_7.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_8.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_9.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.007222,
+seg_10.m4s
+#EXTINF:0.281011,
+seg_11.m4s
+#EXT-X-ENDLIST
+`;
+
+const waterfallExpectedMediaPlaylist = `#EXTM3U
+#EXT-X-VERSION:7
+#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:2
+#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
+#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD
+#EXT-X-MAP:URI="init.mp4"
+#EXTINF:2.011405,
+seg_0.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.011405,
+seg_1.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.011405,
+seg_2.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.011405,
+seg_3.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.011405,
+seg_4.m4s
+#EXTINF:0.301711,
+seg_5.m4s
+#EXT-X-ENDLIST
+`;
+
+const trainExpectedMediaPlaylist = `#EXTM3U
+#EXT-X-VERSION:7
+#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:2
+#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0
+#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD
+#EXT-X-MAP:URI="init.mp4"
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_0.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_1.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_2.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_3.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_4.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_5.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_6.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_7.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_8.m4s
+#EXTINF:2.000000,
+seg_9.m4s
+#EXTINF:1.733333,
+seg_10.m4s
+#EXT-X-ENDLIST
+`;
+
+const sessionId = '00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000';
+
+const eiffelExpectedMasterDisabled = `#EXTM3U
+#EXT-X-VERSION:7
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=1000000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="av01.0.04M.08,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/0/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=1200000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L90.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/1/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2500000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="avc1.64001e,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/2/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2000000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="av01.0.08M.08,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/3/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2500000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L93.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/4/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=5000000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="avc1.64001f,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/5/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=4000000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="av01.0.09M.08,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/6/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=4500000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L120.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/7/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=8000000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="avc1.640028,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/8/playlist.m3u8
+`;
+
+const eiffelExpectedMasterRkmpp = `#EXTM3U
+#EXT-X-VERSION:7
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=1200000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L90.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/1/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2500000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="avc1.64001e,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/2/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2500000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L93.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/4/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=5000000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="avc1.64001f,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/5/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=4500000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L120.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/7/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=8000000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="avc1.640028,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=24.910
+${sessionId}/8/playlist.m3u8
+`;
+
+const waterfallExpectedMasterDisabled = `#EXTM3U
+#EXT-X-VERSION:7
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=1000000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="av01.0.04M.08,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/0/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=1200000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L90.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/1/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2500000,RESOLUTION=480x852,CODECS="avc1.64001e,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/2/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2000000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="av01.0.08M.08,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/3/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=2500000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L93.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/4/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=5000000,RESOLUTION=720x1280,CODECS="avc1.64001f,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/5/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=4000000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="av01.0.09M.08,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/6/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=4500000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="hvc1.1.6.L120.B0,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/7/playlist.m3u8
+#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=8000000,RESOLUTION=1080x1920,CODECS="avc1.640028,mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=29.830
+${sessionId}/8/playlist.m3u8
+`;
+
+describe(HlsService.name, () => {
+  let sut: HlsService;
+  let mocks: ServiceMocks;
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    ({ sut, mocks } = newTestService(HlsService));
+  });
+
+  describe('getMainPlaylist', () => {
+    const auth = factory.auth();
+    const assetId = 'asset-1';
+
+    const setup = (asset: typeof eiffelTower | typeof waterfall, accel: TranscodeHardwareAcceleration) => {
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      mocks.systemMetadata.get.mockResolvedValue({ ffmpeg: { realtime: { enabled: true }, accel } });
+      mocks.videoStream.getForMainPlaylist.mockResolvedValue(asset);
+      mocks.crypto.randomUUID.mockReturnValue(sessionId);
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockImplementation((event, ...rest) => {
+        if (event === 'HlsSessionRequest') {
+          const { sessionId: id } = rest[0] as { sessionId: string };
+          queueMicrotask(() => sut.onSessionResult({ sessionId: id }));
+        }
+      });
+    };
+
+    it('returns main playlist for eiffel-tower (1080p portrait, no acceleration)', async () => {
+      setup(eiffelTower, TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Disabled);
+      await expect(sut.getMainPlaylist(auth, assetId)).resolves.toBe(eiffelExpectedMasterDisabled);
+    });
+
+    it('returns main playlist for eiffel-tower with RKMPP (no AV1 variants)', async () => {
+      setup(eiffelTower, TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Rkmpp);
+      await expect(sut.getMainPlaylist(auth, assetId)).resolves.toBe(eiffelExpectedMasterRkmpp);
+    });
+
+    it('returns main playlist for waterfall (4K landscape) with no acceleration', async () => {
+      setup(waterfall, TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Disabled);
+      await expect(sut.getMainPlaylist(auth, assetId)).resolves.toBe(waterfallExpectedMasterDisabled);
+    });
+
+    it('throws BadRequestException when realtime transcoding is disabled', async () => {
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      mocks.systemMetadata.get.mockResolvedValue({ ffmpeg: { realtime: { enabled: false } } });
+      await expect(sut.getMainPlaylist(auth, assetId)).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(BadRequestException);
+    });
+
+    it('throws NotFoundException when asset is not yet ready for streaming', async () => {
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      mocks.systemMetadata.get.mockResolvedValue({ ffmpeg: { realtime: { enabled: true } } });
+      await expect(sut.getMainPlaylist(auth, assetId)).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NotFoundException);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('getMediaPlaylist', () => {
+    const auth = factory.auth();
+    const assetId = 'asset-1';
+    const fixtures = [
+      { data: eiffelTower, playlist: eiffelExpectedMediaPlaylist },
+      { data: waterfall, playlist: waterfallExpectedMediaPlaylist },
+      { data: train, playlist: trainExpectedMediaPlaylist },
+    ];
+
+    it.each(fixtures)('matches FFmpeg for $data.originalPath', async ({ data, playlist }) => {
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      mocks.videoStream.getForMediaPlaylist.mockResolvedValue(data);
+      await expect(sut.getMediaPlaylist(auth, assetId, sessionId)).resolves.toBe(playlist);
+    });
+
+    it('throws NotFoundException when the session/asset cannot be loaded', async () => {
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      await expect(sut.getMediaPlaylist(auth, assetId, sessionId)).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NotFoundException);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('getSegment', () => {
+    const auth = factory.auth();
+    const assetId = 'asset-1';
+    const variantIndex = 0;
+
+    beforeEach(() => {
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      mocks.videoStream.getSession.mockResolvedValue({ id: sessionId, assetId } as never);
+      mocks.storage.checkFileExists.mockResolvedValue(true);
+    });
+
+    it('emits HlsHeartbeat with segmentIndex 0 for the first init.mp4 request', async () => {
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'init.mp4');
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsHeartbeat', {
+        sessionId,
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex: 0,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('emits HlsHeartbeat with the parsed segment number for seg_K.m4s', async () => {
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'seg_5.m4s');
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsHeartbeat', {
+        sessionId,
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex: 5,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('returns lastRequested + 1 for init.mp4 after a segment has been served', async () => {
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'seg_5.m4s');
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'init.mp4');
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsHeartbeat', {
+        sessionId,
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex: 6,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('updates lastRequested on a backward-seek segment request', async () => {
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'seg_5.m4s');
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'seg_3.m4s');
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'init.mp4');
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsHeartbeat', {
+        sessionId,
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex: 4,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('tracks segment state per session independently', async () => {
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, 'session-a', variantIndex, 'seg_5.m4s');
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, 'session-b', variantIndex, 'seg_2.m4s');
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, 'session-a', variantIndex, 'init.mp4');
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, 'session-b', variantIndex, 'init.mp4');
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsHeartbeat', {
+        sessionId: 'session-a',
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex: 6,
+      });
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsHeartbeat', {
+        sessionId: 'session-b',
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex: 3,
+      });
+    });
+
+    it('rejects pending waiters for the previous variant on variant change', async () => {
+      mocks.storage.checkFileExists.mockResolvedValueOnce(false);
+
+      const pending = sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, 0, 'seg_1.m4s');
+      await new Promise((resolve) => setImmediate(resolve));
+      await sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, 1, 'seg_1.m4s');
+
+      await expect(pending).rejects.toThrow('Variant changed');
+    });
+
+    it('throws NotFoundException when the session does not exist', async () => {
+      mocks.videoStream.getSession.mockReset();
+      await expect(sut.getSegment(auth, assetId, sessionId, variantIndex, 'init.mp4')).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
+        NotFoundException,
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('endSession', () => {
+    it('emits HlsSessionEnd', async () => {
+      const auth = factory.auth();
+      const assetId = 'asset-1';
+      mocks.access.asset.checkOwnerAccess.mockResolvedValue(new Set([assetId]));
+      await sut.endSession(auth, assetId, sessionId);
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsSessionEnd', { sessionId });
+    });
+  });
+});

server/src/services/hls.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+import { BadRequestException, Injectable, NotFoundException } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { constants } from 'node:fs';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import {
+  HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION,
+  HLS_SEGMENT_FILENAME_REGEX,
+  HLS_VARIANTS,
+  HLS_VERSION,
+  SUPPORTED_HWA_CODECS,
+} from 'src/constants';
+import { StorageCore } from 'src/cores/storage.core';
+import { OnEvent } from 'src/decorators';
+import { AuthDto } from 'src/dtos/auth.dto';
+import { SystemConfigFFmpegDto } from 'src/dtos/system-config.dto';
+import { CacheControl, ImmichWorker, Permission } from 'src/enum';
+import { ArgOf } from 'src/repositories/event.repository';
+import { BaseService } from 'src/services/base.service';
+import { VideoPacketInfo, VideoStreamInfo } from 'src/types';
+import { PendingEvents } from 'src/utils/event';
+import { ImmichFileResponse } from 'src/utils/file';
+import { getOutputSize } from 'src/utils/media';
+
+type AssetWithStreamInfo = { videoStream: VideoStreamInfo & { timeBase: number }; packets: VideoPacketInfo };
+type ApiSession = { lastRequestedSegment: number | null; lastVariantIndex: number | null };
+
+@Injectable()
+export class HlsService extends BaseService {
+  private pendingSegments = new PendingEvents<'HlsSegmentResult'>({ timeoutMs: 15_000 });
+  private pendingSessions = new PendingEvents<'HlsSessionResult'>({ timeoutMs: 5000 });
+  private sessions = new Map<string, ApiSession>();
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsSessionResult', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Api] })
+  onSessionResult(event: ArgOf<'HlsSessionResult'>) {
+    this.pendingSessions.complete(event.sessionId, event);
+    if (event.error) {
+      this.sessions.delete(event.sessionId);
+      this.pendingSegments.rejectByPrefix(`${event.sessionId}:`, event.error);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsSessionEnd', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Api] })
+  onSessionEnd({ sessionId }: ArgOf<'HlsSessionEnd'>) {
+    this.sessions.delete(sessionId);
+    this.pendingSegments.rejectByPrefix(`${sessionId}:`, 'Session ended');
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsSegmentResult', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Api] })
+  onSegmentResult(event: ArgOf<'HlsSegmentResult'>) {
+    this.pendingSegments.complete(this.getSegmentKey(event), event);
+  }
+
+  async getMainPlaylist(auth: AuthDto, assetId: string) {
+    await this.requireAccess({ auth, permission: Permission.AssetView, ids: [assetId] });
+    const { ffmpeg } = await this.getConfig({ withCache: true });
+    if (!ffmpeg.realtime.enabled) {
+      throw new BadRequestException('Real-time transcoding is not enabled');
+    }
+
+    const asset = await this.videoStreamRepository.getForMainPlaylist(assetId);
+    if (!asset) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Asset is not yet ready for streaming');
+    }
+
+    // Sharing the sessionId allows only one microservices worker to successfully insert to the session table.
+    // The microservices worker that creates a session owns the transcoding lifecycle for it.
+    const sessionId = this.cryptoRepository.randomUUID();
+    this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSessionRequest', { sessionId, assetId, ownerId: auth.user.id });
+    await this.pendingSessions.wait(sessionId);
+    this.trackSession(sessionId);
+
+    return this.generateMainPlaylist(sessionId, ffmpeg, asset);
+  }
+
+  async getMediaPlaylist(auth: AuthDto, assetId: string, sessionId: string) {
+    await this.requireAccess({ auth, permission: Permission.AssetView, ids: [assetId] });
+
+    const asset = await this.videoStreamRepository.getForMediaPlaylist(assetId, sessionId);
+    if (!asset) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Asset not found or not yet ready for streaming');
+    }
+
+    return this.generateMediaPlaylist(asset);
+  }
+
+  async getSegment(auth: AuthDto, assetId: string, sessionId: string, variantIndex: number, filename: string) {
+    await this.requireAccess({ auth, permission: Permission.AssetView, ids: [assetId] });
+
+    const session = await this.videoStreamRepository.getSession(sessionId);
+    if (!session) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('Session not found');
+    }
+
+    const variantDir = StorageCore.getHlsVariantFolder({ ownerId: auth.user.id, sessionId, variantIndex });
+    const path = join(variantDir, filename);
+    const response = new ImmichFileResponse({
+      path,
+      contentType: 'video/mp4',
+      cacheControl: CacheControl.PrivateWithCache,
+    });
+
+    const apiSession = this.trackSession(sessionId, variantIndex);
+    const segmentIndex = this.getSegmentIndex(apiSession, filename);
+    this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsHeartbeat', { sessionId, variantIndex, segmentIndex });
+
+    if (await this.storageRepository.checkFileExists(path, constants.R_OK)) {
+      return response;
+    }
+
+    this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSegmentRequest', { sessionId, assetId, variantIndex, segmentIndex });
+    await this.pendingSegments.wait(this.getSegmentKey({ sessionId, variantIndex, segmentIndex }));
+
+    return response;
+  }
+
+  async endSession(auth: AuthDto, assetId: string, sessionId: string): Promise<void> {
+    await this.requireAccess({ auth, permission: Permission.AssetView, ids: [assetId] });
+
+    this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSessionEnd', { sessionId });
+  }
+
+  private generateMainPlaylist(sessionId: string, ffmpeg: SystemConfigFFmpegDto, asset: AssetWithStreamInfo) {
+    const fps = ((asset.packets.packetCount * asset.videoStream.timeBase) / asset.packets.totalDuration).toFixed(3);
+    const sourceResolution = Math.min(asset.videoStream.height, asset.videoStream.width);
+    const targetResolution = Math.max(sourceResolution, HLS_VARIANTS[0].resolution);
+    const lines = ['#EXTM3U', `#EXT-X-VERSION:${HLS_VERSION}`];
+    for (let i = 0; i < HLS_VARIANTS.length; i++) {
+      const { resolution, bitrate, codec, codecString } = HLS_VARIANTS[i];
+      if (resolution > targetResolution || !SUPPORTED_HWA_CODECS[ffmpeg.accel].includes(codec)) {
+        continue;
+      }
+      const { width, height } = getOutputSize(asset.videoStream, resolution);
+      lines.push(
+        `#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:BANDWIDTH=${bitrate},RESOLUTION=${width}x${height},CODECS="${codecString},mp4a.40.2",VIDEO-RANGE=SDR,FRAME-RATE=${fps}`,
+        `${sessionId}/${i}/playlist.m3u8`,
+      );
+    }
+    lines.push('');
+
+    if (lines.length === 3) {
+      throw new NotFoundException('No supported variants for this video');
+    }
+
+    return lines.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  private generateMediaPlaylist({ videoStream, packets }: AssetWithStreamInfo) {
+    const fps = (packets.packetCount * videoStream.timeBase) / packets.totalDuration;
+    const framesPerSegment = Math.ceil(HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION * fps);
+    const fullSegmentDuration = framesPerSegment / fps;
+    const segmentCount = Math.ceil(packets.outputFrames / framesPerSegment);
+    const lastSegmentFrames = packets.outputFrames - framesPerSegment * (segmentCount - 1);
+    const lastSegmentDuration = lastSegmentFrames / fps;
+
+    const lines = [
+      '#EXTM3U',
+      `#EXT-X-VERSION:${HLS_VERSION}`,
+      `#EXT-X-TARGETDURATION:${HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION}`,
+      '#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:0',
+      '#EXT-X-PLAYLIST-TYPE:VOD',
+      '#EXT-X-MAP:URI="init.mp4"',
+    ];
+
+    for (let i = 0; i < segmentCount - 1; i++) {
+      lines.push(`#EXTINF:${fullSegmentDuration.toFixed(6)},`, `seg_${i}.m4s`);
+    }
+    lines.push(`#EXTINF:${lastSegmentDuration.toFixed(6)},`, `seg_${segmentCount - 1}.m4s`, '#EXT-X-ENDLIST', '');
+
+    return lines.join('\n');
+  }
+
+  private getSegmentKey({ sessionId, variantIndex, segmentIndex }: ArgOf<'HlsSegmentResult'>) {
+    return `${sessionId}:${variantIndex}:${segmentIndex}`;
+  }
+
+  private getSegmentIndex(session: ApiSession, filename: string) {
+    if (filename.endsWith('.mp4')) {
+      return (session.lastRequestedSegment ?? -1) + 1;
+    }
+    const segmentIndex = Number.parseInt(HLS_SEGMENT_FILENAME_REGEX.exec(filename)![1]);
+    session.lastRequestedSegment = segmentIndex;
+    return segmentIndex;
+  }
+
+  private trackSession(id: string, variantIndex: number | null = null) {
+    const session = this.sessions.get(id);
+    if (!session) {
+      const newSession = { lastRequestedSegment: null, lastVariantIndex: variantIndex };
+      this.sessions.set(id, newSession);
+      return newSession;
+    }
+
+    if (session.lastVariantIndex !== null && session.lastVariantIndex !== variantIndex) {
+      this.pendingSegments.rejectByPrefix(`${id}:${session.lastVariantIndex}:`, 'Variant changed');
+    }
+    session.lastVariantIndex = variantIndex;
+    return session;
+  }
+}

server/src/services/index.ts

@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { DatabaseBackupService } from 'src/services/database-backup.service';
 import { DatabaseService } from 'src/services/database.service';
 import { DownloadService } from 'src/services/download.service';
 import { DuplicateService } from 'src/services/duplicate.service';
+import { HlsService } from 'src/services/hls.service';
 import { JobService } from 'src/services/job.service';
 import { LibraryService } from 'src/services/library.service';
 import { MaintenanceService } from 'src/services/maintenance.service';
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ import { SystemMetadataService } from 'src/services/system-metadata.service';
 import { TagService } from 'src/services/tag.service';
 import { TelemetryService } from 'src/services/telemetry.service';
 import { TimelineService } from 'src/services/timeline.service';
+import { TranscodingService } from 'src/services/transcoding.service';
 import { TrashService } from 'src/services/trash.service';
 import { UserAdminService } from 'src/services/user-admin.service';
 import { UserService } from 'src/services/user.service';
@@ -61,6 +63,7 @@ export const services = [
   DatabaseService,
   DownloadService,
   DuplicateService,
+  HlsService,
   JobService,
   LibraryService,
   MaintenanceService,
@@ -89,6 +92,7 @@ export const services = [
   TagService,
   TelemetryService,
   TimelineService,
+  TranscodingService,
   TrashService,
   UserAdminService,
   UserService,

server/src/services/queue.service.spec.ts

@@ -41,6 +41,7 @@ describe(QueueService.name, () => {
         { name: JobName.PersonCleanup },
         { name: JobName.MemoryCleanup },
         { name: JobName.SessionCleanup },
+        { name: JobName.HlsSessionCleanup },
         { name: JobName.AuditTableCleanup },
         { name: JobName.MemoryGenerate },
         { name: JobName.UserSyncUsage },

server/src/services/queue.service.ts

@@ -269,6 +269,7 @@ export class QueueService extends BaseService {
         { name: JobName.PersonCleanup },
         { name: JobName.MemoryCleanup },
         { name: JobName.SessionCleanup },
+        { name: JobName.HlsSessionCleanup },
         { name: JobName.AuditTableCleanup },
       );
     }

server/src/services/system-config.service.spec.ts

@@ -72,6 +72,9 @@ const updatedConfig = Object.freeze<SystemConfig>({
     accel: TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Disabled,
     accelDecode: true,
     tonemap: ToneMapping.Hable,
+    realtime: {
+      enabled: false,
+    },
   },
   logging: {
     enabled: true,

server/src/services/transcoding.service.spec.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+import {
+  HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS,
+  HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS,
+  HLS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS,
+  HLS_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS,
+} from 'src/constants';
+import { TranscodingService } from 'src/services/transcoding.service';
+import { VIDEO_STREAM_SESSION_PK_CONSTRAINT } from 'src/utils/database';
+import { eiffelTower, train, waterfall } from 'test/fixtures/media.stub';
+import { mockSpawn, newTestService, ServiceMocks } from 'test/utils';
+import { vi } from 'vitest';
+
+describe(TranscodingService.name, () => {
+  let sut: TranscodingService;
+  let mocks: ServiceMocks;
+
+  const sessionId = 'session-1';
+  const assetId = 'asset-1';
+  const ownerId = 'user-1';
+
+  const completeSegment = (index: number) => {
+    const listener = vi.mocked(mocks.storage.watchDir).mock.lastCall?.[1];
+    expect(listener).toBeDefined();
+    listener!('rename', `seg_${index}.m4s`);
+  };
+
+  const completeSegmentsThrough = (start: number, end: number) => {
+    for (let i = start; i <= end; i++) {
+      completeSegment(i);
+    }
+  };
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    ({ sut, mocks } = newTestService(TranscodingService));
+    mocks.systemMetadata.get.mockResolvedValue({ ffmpeg: { realtime: { enabled: true } } });
+    mocks.videoStream.getForTranscoding.mockResolvedValue(eiffelTower);
+  });
+
+  describe('onSessionRequest', () => {
+    it('creates the session row and emits HlsSessionResult on success', async () => {
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.createSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
+        id: sessionId,
+        assetId,
+        expiresAt: expect.any(Date),
+      });
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsSessionResult', { sessionId });
+    });
+
+    it('treats a primary-key conflict as a no-op for replay tolerance', async () => {
+      mocks.videoStream.createSession.mockRejectedValue({ constraint_name: VIDEO_STREAM_SESSION_PK_CONSTRAINT });
+
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('emits HlsSessionResult with an error on other DB failures', async () => {
+      mocks.videoStream.createSession.mockRejectedValue(new Error('database is down'));
+
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsSessionResult', {
+        sessionId,
+        error: 'Failed to create HLS session',
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('onSessionEnd', () => {
+    it('removes the session, kills the transcode, and deletes the dir + DB row', async () => {
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+      const process = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValue(process);
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      await sut.onSessionEnd({ sessionId });
+
+      expect(process.kill).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mocks.storage.unlinkDir).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith(sessionId);
+    });
+
+    it('is a no-op when the session is unknown', async () => {
+      await sut.onSessionEnd({ sessionId: 'never-created' });
+
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mocks.storage.unlinkDir).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('onHeartbeat', () => {
+    it('extends the DB lease when remaining time falls below half', async () => {
+      vi.useFakeTimers();
+      try {
+        await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+        vi.setSystemTime(Date.now() + HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS / 2 + 1);
+
+        await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId });
+
+        expect(mocks.videoStream.extendSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith(sessionId, expect.any(Date));
+      } finally {
+        vi.useRealTimers();
+      }
+    });
+
+    it('does not extend the lease while it is still fresh', async () => {
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId });
+
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.extendSession).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('is a no-op when the session is unknown', async () => {
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId: 'never-created' });
+
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.extendSession).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('onSegmentRequest', () => {
+    beforeEach(async () => {
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+    });
+
+    it('spawns FFmpeg on the first request', async () => {
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValue(mockSpawn(0, '', ''));
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).toHaveBeenCalledWith('ffmpeg', expect.any(Array), expect.any(Object));
+    });
+
+    it('kills and respawns when the variant changes', async () => {
+      const first = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      const second = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValueOnce(first).mockReturnValueOnce(second);
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 1, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(first.kill).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    });
+
+    it('kills and respawns when seeking before the start segment', async () => {
+      const first = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      const second = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValueOnce(first).mockReturnValueOnce(second);
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 5 });
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 2 });
+
+      expect(first.kill).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    });
+
+    it('kills and respawns when the requested segment is too far ahead', async () => {
+      const first = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      const second = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValueOnce(first).mockReturnValueOnce(second);
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 5 });
+
+      expect(first.kill).toHaveBeenCalled();
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    });
+
+    it('does not spawn when the session is unknown', async () => {
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId: 'never-created', assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('accepts segments from a restart after the previous ffmpeg exited on its own', async () => {
+      const first = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      const second = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValueOnce(first).mockReturnValueOnce(second);
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 10 });
+      completeSegment(10);
+
+      const onCalls = vi.mocked(first.on).mock.calls as unknown as [string, (code: number) => void][];
+      const exitHandler = onCalls.find(([event]) => event === 'exit')?.[1];
+      exitHandler?.(0);
+
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 2 });
+      completeSegment(2);
+
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsSegmentResult', {
+        sessionId,
+        variantIndex: 0,
+        segmentIndex: 2,
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('backpressure', () => {
+    let proc: ReturnType<typeof mockSpawn>;
+
+    beforeEach(async () => {
+      proc = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValue(proc);
+
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 0 });
+    });
+
+    it('pauses the transcode once the lead exceeds HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS', async () => {
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1);
+
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).toHaveBeenCalledWith('SIGSTOP');
+    });
+
+    it('does not pause when the lead equals the pause threshold', async () => {
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS);
+
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('resumes once the lead drops below HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS', async () => {
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1);
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      expect(proc.kill).toHaveBeenCalledWith('SIGSTOP');
+      vi.mocked(proc.kill).mockClear();
+
+      const requested = HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1 - (HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS - 1);
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: requested });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).toHaveBeenCalledWith('SIGCONT');
+    });
+
+    it('stays paused while the lead is in the dead-band', async () => {
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1);
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      vi.mocked(proc.kill).mockClear();
+
+      const requested = HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1 - HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS;
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: requested });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('is a no-op when no segment has completed yet', async () => {
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('is a no-op when the heartbeat omits segmentIndex', async () => {
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1);
+
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('resumes the paused transcode when the client requests the next in-range segment', async () => {
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1);
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      expect(proc.kill).toHaveBeenCalledWith('SIGSTOP');
+      vi.mocked(proc.kill).mockClear();
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex: 1 });
+
+      expect(proc.kill).toHaveBeenCalledWith('SIGCONT');
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    });
+
+    it('does not re-pause a freshly spawned transcode after a seek-driven restart', async () => {
+      const newProc = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValueOnce(newProc);
+
+      completeSegmentsThrough(0, HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 1);
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      expect(proc.kill).toHaveBeenCalledWith('SIGSTOP');
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 1, segmentIndex: 0 });
+      vi.mocked(newProc.kill).mockClear();
+
+      await sut.onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(newProc.kill).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+    });
+
+    it('ignores stale segment events from the prior transcode after a backward seek', async () => {
+      const newProc = mockSpawn(0, '', '');
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValueOnce(newProc);
+
+      const completedAhead = HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS + 5;
+      completeSegmentsThrough(1, completedAhead); // seg_0 was emitted in beforeEach
+
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 1, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      vi.mocked(newProc.kill).mockClear();
+      mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+      completeSegment(completedAhead + 1);
+
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).not.toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'HlsSegmentResult',
+        expect.objectContaining({ segmentIndex: completedAhead + 1 }),
+      );
+      expect(newProc.kill).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+
+      completeSegment(0);
+      expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+        'HlsSegmentResult',
+        expect.objectContaining({ segmentIndex: 0 }),
+      );
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('inactivity sweeper', () => {
+    it('reaps a session whose last activity exceeds the inactivity timeout', async () => {
+      vi.useFakeTimers();
+      try {
+        await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+        mocks.websocket.serverSend.mockClear();
+        await vi.advanceTimersByTimeAsync(HLS_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS + HLS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS);
+
+        expect(mocks.websocket.serverSend).toHaveBeenCalledWith('HlsSessionEnd', { sessionId });
+        expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith(sessionId);
+      } finally {
+        vi.useRealTimers();
+      }
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('onShutdown', () => {
+    it('ends every active session', async () => {
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId: 'session-a', assetId, ownerId });
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId: 'session-b', assetId, ownerId });
+
+      await sut.onShutdown();
+
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith('session-a');
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith('session-b');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('onHlsSessionCleanup', () => {
+    it('reaps DB-expired sessions under a database lock', async () => {
+      mocks.database.withLock.mockImplementation(async (_, fn) => fn());
+      mocks.videoStream.getExpiredSessions.mockResolvedValue([
+        { id: 'expired-1', ownerId: 'user-a' },
+        { id: 'expired-2', ownerId: 'user-b' },
+      ]);
+
+      await sut.onHlsSessionCleanup();
+
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith('expired-1');
+      expect(mocks.videoStream.deleteSession).toHaveBeenCalledWith('expired-2');
+      expect(mocks.storage.unlinkDir).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('FFmpeg full command', () => {
+    const baseCommand = [
+      '-nostdin',
+      '-nostats',
+      '-i',
+      'eiffel-tower.mp4',
+      '-map',
+      '0:0',
+      '-map_metadata',
+      '-1',
+      '-map',
+      '0:1',
+      '-g',
+      '50',
+      '-keyint_min',
+      '50',
+      '-crf',
+      '23',
+      '-copyts',
+      '-r',
+      '50130000/2012441',
+      '-avoid_negative_ts',
+      'disabled',
+      '-f',
+      'hls',
+      '-hls_time',
+      '2',
+      '-hls_list_size',
+      '0',
+      '-hls_segment_type',
+      'fmp4',
+      '-hls_fmp4_init_filename',
+      'init.mp4',
+      '-hls_segment_options',
+      'movflags=+frag_discont',
+      '-hls_flags',
+      'temp_file',
+      '-start_number',
+      '0',
+    ];
+
+    it.each([
+      {
+        variantIndex: 6,
+        expected: [
+          ...baseCommand,
+          '-c:v',
+          'libsvtav1',
+          '-c:a',
+          'aac',
+          '-preset',
+          '12',
+          '-svtav1-params',
+          'hierarchical-levels=3:lookahead=0:enable-tf=0:mbr=4000k',
+          '-hls_segment_filename',
+          '/data/encoded-video/user-1/se/ss/session-1/6/seg_%d.m4s',
+          '/data/encoded-video/user-1/se/ss/session-1/6/playlist.m3u8',
+        ].sort(),
+      },
+      {
+        variantIndex: 4,
+        expected: [
+          ...baseCommand,
+          '-c:v',
+          'hevc',
+          '-c:a',
+          'aac',
+          '-tag:v',
+          'hvc1',
+          '-preset',
+          'ultrafast',
+          '-maxrate',
+          '2500k',
+          '-bufsize',
+          '5000k',
+          '-x265-params',
+          'no-scenecut=1:no-open-gop=1',
+          '-vf',
+          'scale=720:-2',
+          '-hls_segment_filename',
+          '/data/encoded-video/user-1/se/ss/session-1/4/seg_%d.m4s',
+          '/data/encoded-video/user-1/se/ss/session-1/4/playlist.m3u8',
+        ].sort(),
+      },
+      {
+        variantIndex: 2,
+        expected: [
+          ...baseCommand,
+          '-c:v',
+          'h264',
+          '-c:a',
+          'aac',
+          '-preset',
+          'ultrafast',
+          '-maxrate',
+          '2500k',
+          '-bufsize',
+          '5000k',
+          '-sc_threshold:v',
+          '0',
+          '-vf',
+          'scale=480:-2',
+          '-hls_segment_filename',
+          '/data/encoded-video/user-1/se/ss/session-1/2/seg_%d.m4s',
+          '/data/encoded-video/user-1/se/ss/session-1/2/playlist.m3u8',
+        ].sort(),
+      },
+    ])('builds the expected FFmpeg command for $codec (variant $variantIndex)', async ({ variantIndex, expected }) => {
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValue(mockSpawn(0, '', ''));
+
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex, segmentIndex: 0 });
+
+      expect(mocks.process.spawn.mock.calls[0][1].toSorted()).toEqual(expected);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('FFmpeg seek per segment', () => {
+    const eiffelSeeks = [
+      0, 1.987_15, 3.994_372_222_222_222, 6.001_594_444_444_444, 8.008_816_666_666_666, 10.016_038_888_888_888,
+      12.023_261_111_111_111, 14.030_483_333_333_333, 16.037_705_555_555_554, 18.044_927_777_777_776,
+      20.052_149_999_999_997, 22.059_372_222_222_223,
+    ];
+    const waterfallSeeks = [
+      0, 1.994_642_826_321_467, 4.006_047_357_065_803, 6.017_451_887_810_139_5, 8.028_856_418_554_476,
+      10.040_260_949_298_812,
+    ];
+    const trainSeeks = [
+      0, 1.991_666_666_666_666_7, 3.991_666_666_666_666_7, 5.991_666_666_666_666, 7.991_666_666_666_666,
+      9.991_666_666_666_667, 11.991_666_666_666_667, 13.991_666_666_666_667, 15.991_666_666_666_667,
+      17.991_666_666_666_667, 19.991_666_666_666_667,
+    ];
+    const cases = [
+      ...eiffelSeeks.map((expected, segmentIndex) => ({
+        name: `${eiffelTower.originalPath} K=${segmentIndex}`,
+        fixture: eiffelTower,
+        segmentIndex,
+        expected,
+      })),
+      ...waterfallSeeks.map((expected, segmentIndex) => ({
+        name: `${waterfall.originalPath} K=${segmentIndex}`,
+        fixture: waterfall,
+        segmentIndex,
+        expected,
+      })),
+      ...trainSeeks.map((expected, segmentIndex) => ({
+        name: `${train.originalPath} K=${segmentIndex}`,
+        fixture: train,
+        segmentIndex,
+        expected,
+      })),
+    ];
+
+    it.each(cases)('$name', async ({ fixture, segmentIndex, expected }) => {
+      mocks.videoStream.getForTranscoding.mockResolvedValue(fixture);
+      mocks.process.spawn.mockReturnValue(mockSpawn(0, '', ''));
+
+      await sut.onSessionRequest({ sessionId, assetId, ownerId });
+      await sut.onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, assetId, variantIndex: 0, segmentIndex });
+
+      const args = mocks.process.spawn.mock.calls[0][1] as string[];
+      if (expected === 0) {
+        expect(args).toEqual(expect.arrayContaining(['-copyts', '-avoid_negative_ts', 'disabled']));
+        expect(args).not.toContain('-ss');
+      } else {
+        expect(args).toEqual(
+          expect.arrayContaining(['-ss', String(expected), '-copyts', '-avoid_negative_ts', 'disabled']),
+        );
+      }
+    });
+  });
+});

server/src/services/transcoding.service.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,387 @@
+import { Injectable } from '@nestjs/common';
+import { ChildProcess } from 'node:child_process';
+import { join } from 'node:path';
+import {
+  HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS,
+  HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS,
+  HLS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS,
+  HLS_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS,
+  HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS,
+  HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION,
+  HLS_SEGMENT_FILENAME_REGEX,
+  HLS_VARIANTS,
+} from 'src/constants';
+import { StorageCore } from 'src/cores/storage.core';
+import { OnEvent, OnJob } from 'src/decorators';
+import { DatabaseLock, ImmichWorker, JobName, QueueName, TranscodeTarget } from 'src/enum';
+import { ArgOf } from 'src/repositories/event.repository';
+import { BaseService } from 'src/services/base.service';
+import { VideoInterfaces } from 'src/types';
+import { isVideoStreamSessionPkConstraint } from 'src/utils/database';
+import { BaseConfig } from 'src/utils/media';
+
+type Session = {
+  assetId: string;
+  expiresAt: Date;
+  id: string;
+  lastActivityTime: Date;
+  lastClientRequestedSegment: number | null;
+  lastCompletedSegment: number | null;
+  ownerId: string;
+  paused: boolean;
+  process: ChildProcess | null;
+  startSegment: number | null;
+  variantIndex: number | null;
+};
+
+@Injectable()
+export class TranscodingService extends BaseService {
+  private sessions = new Map<string, Session>();
+  private videoInterfaces: VideoInterfaces = { dri: [], mali: false };
+  private cleanupInterval: NodeJS.Timeout | null = null;
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'AppBootstrap', workers: [ImmichWorker.Microservices] })
+  async onBootstrap() {
+    const [videoInterfaces] = await Promise.all([this.storageCore.getVideoInterfaces(), this.removeExpiredSessions()]);
+    this.videoInterfaces = videoInterfaces;
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'AppShutdown', workers: [ImmichWorker.Microservices] })
+  onShutdown() {
+    if (this.cleanupInterval) {
+      clearInterval(this.cleanupInterval);
+      this.cleanupInterval = null;
+    }
+    return Promise.all([...this.sessions.values()].map(({ id }) => this.onSessionEnd({ sessionId: id })));
+  }
+
+  @OnJob({ name: JobName.HlsSessionCleanup, queue: QueueName.BackgroundTask })
+  onHlsSessionCleanup() {
+    return this.removeExpiredSessions();
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsSessionRequest', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Microservices] })
+  async onSessionRequest({ assetId, sessionId, ownerId }: ArgOf<'HlsSessionRequest'>) {
+    try {
+      const expiresAt = new Date(Date.now() + HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS);
+      await this.videoStreamRepository.createSession({ id: sessionId, assetId, expiresAt });
+      this.sessions.set(sessionId, {
+        assetId,
+        expiresAt,
+        id: sessionId,
+        lastActivityTime: new Date(),
+        lastClientRequestedSegment: null,
+        lastCompletedSegment: null,
+        ownerId,
+        paused: false,
+        process: null,
+        startSegment: null,
+        variantIndex: null,
+      });
+      this.cleanupInterval ??= setInterval(() => void this.removeInactiveSessions(), HLS_CLEANUP_INTERVAL_MS);
+      this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSessionResult', { sessionId });
+    } catch (error) {
+      // If insertion failed due to a PK constraint, another worker has already created a session for this ID.
+      if (!isVideoStreamSessionPkConstraint(error)) {
+        this.logger.error(`Failed to create HLS session ${sessionId}: ${error}`);
+        this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSessionResult', { sessionId, error: 'Failed to create HLS session' });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsSessionEnd', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Microservices] })
+  async onSessionEnd({ sessionId }: ArgOf<'HlsSessionEnd'>) {
+    const session = this.sessions.get(sessionId);
+    if (!session) {
+      return;
+    }
+    this.sessions.delete(sessionId);
+    if (this.cleanupInterval && this.sessions.size === 0) {
+      clearInterval(this.cleanupInterval);
+      this.cleanupInterval = null;
+    }
+    this.stopTranscode(session);
+    await this.removeSessionDir(session);
+    await this.videoStreamRepository.deleteSession(sessionId);
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsHeartbeat', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Microservices] })
+  async onHeartbeat({ sessionId, segmentIndex }: ArgOf<'HlsHeartbeat'>) {
+    const session = this.sessions.get(sessionId);
+    if (!session) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    session.lastActivityTime = new Date();
+
+    if (segmentIndex !== undefined) {
+      session.lastClientRequestedSegment = segmentIndex;
+      this.applyBackpressure(session);
+    }
+
+    const remaining = session.expiresAt.getTime() - Date.now();
+    if (remaining < HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS / 2) {
+      session.expiresAt = new Date(Date.now() + HLS_LEASE_DURATION_MS);
+      await this.videoStreamRepository.extendSession(sessionId, session.expiresAt);
+    }
+  }
+
+  @OnEvent({ name: 'HlsSegmentRequest', server: true, workers: [ImmichWorker.Microservices] })
+  async onSegmentRequest({ sessionId, variantIndex, segmentIndex }: ArgOf<'HlsSegmentRequest'>) {
+    const session = this.sessions.get(sessionId);
+    if (!session) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    session.variantIndex ??= variantIndex;
+    session.startSegment ??= segmentIndex;
+    const curSegment = session.lastCompletedSegment === null ? session.startSegment : session.lastCompletedSegment + 1;
+    const needsRestart =
+      session.variantIndex !== variantIndex || segmentIndex < session.startSegment || segmentIndex > curSegment + 1;
+    if (needsRestart) {
+      this.stopTranscode(session);
+      session.variantIndex = variantIndex;
+      session.startSegment = segmentIndex;
+    } else if (session.process) {
+      this.resumeTranscode(session);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const process = await this.startTranscode(session, variantIndex, segmentIndex);
+    if (process) {
+      session.process = process;
+    }
+  }
+
+  private applyBackpressure(session: Session) {
+    if (session.lastCompletedSegment === null || session.lastClientRequestedSegment === null) {
+      return;
+    }
+    const lead = session.lastCompletedSegment - session.lastClientRequestedSegment;
+    this.logger.debug(`Session ${session.id} lead is ${lead} segments`);
+    if (!session.paused && lead > HLS_BACKPRESSURE_PAUSE_SEGMENTS) {
+      this.pauseTranscode(session);
+    } else if (session.paused && lead < HLS_BACKPRESSURE_RESUME_SEGMENTS) {
+      this.resumeTranscode(session);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private async startTranscode(session: Session, variantIndex: number, startSegment: number) {
+    const { ffmpeg } = await this.getConfig({ withCache: true });
+
+    const asset = await this.videoStreamRepository.getForTranscoding(session.assetId);
+    if (!asset) {
+      this.logger.error(`Asset ${session.assetId} not found for HLS transcoding`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (session.variantIndex !== variantIndex || session.startSegment !== startSegment) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const variant = HLS_VARIANTS[variantIndex];
+    if (!variant) {
+      this.logger.error(`Variant ${variantIndex} out of range for asset ${session.assetId}`);
+      await this.failSession(session, `Invalid variant index ${variantIndex}`);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    const variantDir = StorageCore.getHlsVariantFolder({
+      ownerId: session.ownerId,
+      sessionId: session.id,
+      variantIndex,
+    });
+    this.storageRepository.mkdirSync(variantDir);
+
+    // Encoder runs at fps = packetCount × timeBase / totalDuration with
+    // gop = ceil(SEGMENT_DURATION × fps). To start segment K's content at
+    // exactly cfr slot K × gop, seek to the midpoint between slots K×gop−1 and
+    // K×gop. accurate_seek's "discard < target" then keeps the source frame
+    // that quantizes to slot K×gop and discards the one quantizing to K×gop−1.
+    const fps = (asset.packets.packetCount * asset.videoStream.timeBase) / asset.packets.totalDuration;
+    const gop = Math.ceil(HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION * fps);
+    const seekSeconds = startSegment > 0 ? (startSegment * gop - 0.5) / fps : 0;
+
+    let config;
+    try {
+      config = BaseConfig.create(
+        {
+          ...ffmpeg,
+          targetVideoCodec: variant.codec,
+          targetResolution: String(variant.resolution),
+          maxBitrate: `${Math.round(variant.bitrate / 1000)}k`,
+          gopSize: gop,
+        },
+        this.videoInterfaces,
+        { strictGop: true, lowLatency: true },
+      );
+    } catch (error: any) {
+      this.logger.error(
+        `Failed to create transcode config for variant ${variantIndex} asset ${session.assetId}: ${error?.message ?? error}`,
+      );
+      await this.failSession(session, `Failed to start transcode: ${error?.message ?? 'unknown error'}`);
+      return;
+    }
+    const args = config.getHlsCommand(
+      {
+        initFilename: 'init.mp4',
+        inputPath: asset.originalPath,
+        packetCount: asset.packets.packetCount,
+        playlistFilename: join(variantDir, 'playlist.m3u8'),
+        seekSeconds,
+        segmentDuration: HLS_SEGMENT_DURATION,
+        segmentFilename: join(variantDir, 'seg_%d.m4s'),
+        startSegment,
+        target: TranscodeTarget.All,
+        timeBase: asset.videoStream.timeBase,
+        totalDuration: asset.packets.totalDuration,
+      },
+      asset.videoStream,
+      asset.audioStream ?? undefined,
+    );
+    this.logger.log(
+      `Starting HLS transcode for asset ${session.assetId} variant ${variantIndex} with command: ffmpeg ${args.join(' ')}`,
+    );
+    const process = this.processRepository.spawn('ffmpeg', args, { stdio: ['ignore', 'ignore', 'pipe'] });
+    this.attachProcessHandlers(process, session, variantIndex);
+    return process;
+  }
+
+  private failSession(session: Session, error: string) {
+    this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSessionResult', { sessionId: session.id, error });
+    return this.onSessionEnd({ sessionId: session.id });
+  }
+
+  private attachProcessHandlers(process: ChildProcess, session: Session, variantIndex: number) {
+    let stderr = '';
+    const variantDir = StorageCore.getHlsVariantFolder({
+      ownerId: session.ownerId,
+      sessionId: session.id,
+      variantIndex,
+    });
+
+    // hlsenc writes each segment as `seg_K.m4s.tmp` then renames to
+    // `seg_K.m4s`. The rename event fires the moment the renamed file is
+    // observable — the only signal we need to tell the API worker the
+    // segment is ready to serve.
+    const watcher = this.storageRepository.watchDir(variantDir, (eventType, filename) => {
+      if (eventType !== 'rename' || !filename || session.process !== process) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const match = HLS_SEGMENT_FILENAME_REGEX.exec(filename);
+      if (!match) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const segmentIndex = Number.parseInt(match[1]);
+      const expected = session.lastCompletedSegment === null ? session.startSegment : session.lastCompletedSegment + 1;
+      // Ignore stale events from old process after seek
+      if (expected === null || segmentIndex !== expected) {
+        return;
+      }
+      session.lastCompletedSegment = segmentIndex;
+      this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSegmentResult', {
+        sessionId: session.id,
+        variantIndex,
+        segmentIndex,
+      });
+      this.applyBackpressure(session);
+    });
+    watcher.on('error', (error) => {
+      this.logger.error(`watcher error for ${variantDir}: ${error}`);
+    });
+
+    process.stderr!.on('data', (chunk: Buffer) => {
+      if (session.process !== process) {
+        return;
+      }
+      stderr += chunk.toString();
+    });
+
+    process.on('exit', (code) => {
+      watcher.close();
+      if (session.process !== process || session.variantIndex !== variantIndex) {
+        return;
+      }
+      session.paused = false;
+      session.process = null;
+      session.lastCompletedSegment = null;
+      if (code) {
+        this.logger.error(
+          `FFmpeg exited with code ${code} for variant ${variantIndex} asset ${session.assetId}\n${stderr}`,
+        );
+        void this.failSession(session, `Transcoding process exited unexpectedly with code ${code}`).catch((error) =>
+          this.logger.error(`Failed to end session ${session.id} after ffmpeg exit: ${error}`),
+        );
+      }
+    });
+  }
+
+  private stopTranscode(session: Session) {
+    if (!session.process) {
+      return;
+    }
+    // SIGTERM makes it rename .tmp segments to .m4s even if they're still incomplete
+    session.process.kill('SIGKILL');
+    session.process = null;
+    session.lastCompletedSegment = null;
+    session.paused = false;
+    this.logger.debug(`Stopped transcoding for session ${session.id}`);
+  }
+
+  private pauseTranscode(session: Session) {
+    if (session.paused || !session.process) {
+      return;
+    }
+    session.process.kill('SIGSTOP');
+    session.paused = true;
+    this.logger.debug(`Paused transcoding for session ${session.id}`);
+  }
+
+  private resumeTranscode(session: Session) {
+    if (!session.paused || !session.process) {
+      return;
+    }
+    session.process.kill('SIGCONT');
+    session.paused = false;
+    this.logger.debug(`Resumed transcoding for session ${session.id}`);
+  }
+
+  private async removeSessionDir(session: { ownerId: string; id: string }) {
+    const dir = StorageCore.getHlsSessionFolder({ ownerId: session.ownerId, sessionId: session.id });
+    try {
+      await this.storageRepository.unlinkDir(dir, { recursive: true, force: true });
+    } catch (error) {
+      if ((error as NodeJS.ErrnoException)?.code !== 'ENOENT') {
+        throw error;
+      }
+      this.logger.warn(`Session dir ${dir} does not exist.`);
+    }
+  }
+
+  private removeInactiveSessions() {
+    const cutoff = Date.now() - HLS_INACTIVITY_TIMEOUT_MS;
+    const inactiveSessions = [...this.sessions.values()].filter((s) => s.lastActivityTime.getTime() < cutoff);
+    return Promise.all(
+      inactiveSessions.map(async (session) => {
+        try {
+          this.websocketRepository.serverSend('HlsSessionEnd', { sessionId: session.id });
+          await this.onSessionEnd({ sessionId: session.id });
+        } catch (error) {
+          this.logger.error(`Failed to sweep inactive HLS session ${session.id}: ${error}`);
+        }
+      }),
+    );
+  }
+
+  private removeExpiredSessions() {
+    return this.databaseRepository.withLock(DatabaseLock.HlsSessionCleanup, async () => {
+      const expiredSessions = await this.videoStreamRepository.getExpiredSessions();
+      await Promise.all(
+        expiredSessions.map(async (session) => {
+          await this.removeSessionDir(session);
+          await this.videoStreamRepository.deleteSession(session.id);
+        }),
+      );
+    });
+  }
+}

server/src/types.ts

@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@ import {
   SystemMetadataKey,
   TranscodeTarget,
   UserMetadataKey,
-  VideoCodec,
   WorkflowTrigger,
   WorkflowType,
 } from 'src/enum';
@@ -162,6 +161,25 @@ export interface TranscodeCommand {
   };
 }
 
+export interface VideoTuning {
+  strictGop: boolean;
+  lowLatency: boolean;
+}
+
+export interface HlsCommandOptions {
+  initFilename: string;
+  inputPath: string;
+  packetCount: number;
+  playlistFilename: string;
+  seekSeconds?: number;
+  segmentDuration: number;
+  segmentFilename: string;
+  startSegment: number;
+  target: TranscodeTarget;
+  timeBase: number;
+  totalDuration: number;
+}
+
 export interface BitrateDistribution {
   max: number;
   target: number;
@@ -177,14 +195,11 @@ export interface ImageBuffer {
 export interface VideoCodecSWConfig {
   getCommand(
     target: TranscodeTarget,
-    videoStream: VideoStreamInfo,
+    video: VideoStreamInfo,
-    audioStream?: AudioStreamInfo,
+    audio?: AudioStreamInfo,
     format?: VideoFormat,
   ): TranscodeCommand;
-}
+  getHlsCommand(options: HlsCommandOptions, video: VideoStreamInfo, audio?: AudioStreamInfo): string[];
-
-export interface VideoCodecHWConfig extends VideoCodecSWConfig {
-  getSupportedCodecs(): Array<VideoCodec>;
 }
 
 export interface ProbeOptions {
@@ -371,6 +386,7 @@ export type JobItem =
 
   // Cleanup
   | { name: JobName.SessionCleanup; data?: IBaseJob }
+  | { name: JobName.HlsSessionCleanup; data?: IBaseJob }
 
   // Tags
   | { name: JobName.TagCleanup; data?: IBaseJob }

server/src/utils/database.ts

@@ -71,10 +71,13 @@ export const removeUndefinedKeys = <T extends object>(update: T, template: unkno
 };
 
 export const ASSET_CHECKSUM_CONSTRAINT = 'UQ_assets_owner_checksum';
+export const VIDEO_STREAM_SESSION_PK_CONSTRAINT = 'video_stream_session_pkey';
 
-export const isAssetChecksumConstraint = (error: unknown) => {
+export const isAssetChecksumConstraint = (error: unknown) =>
-  return (error as PostgresError)?.constraint_name === 'UQ_assets_owner_checksum';
+  (error as PostgresError)?.constraint_name === ASSET_CHECKSUM_CONSTRAINT;
-};
+
+export const isVideoStreamSessionPkConstraint = (error: unknown) =>
+  (error as PostgresError)?.constraint_name === VIDEO_STREAM_SESSION_PK_CONSTRAINT;
 
 export function withDefaultVisibility<O>(qb: SelectQueryBuilder<DB, 'asset', O>) {
   return qb.where('asset.visibility', 'in', [sql.lit(AssetVisibility.Archive), sql.lit(AssetVisibility.Timeline)]);

server/src/utils/event.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+import { ArgOf, EmitEvent } from 'src/repositories/event.repository';
+
+export class PendingEvents<T extends { [T in EmitEvent]: ArgOf<T> extends { error?: string } ? T : never }[EmitEvent]> {
+  private pending = new Map<string, { completers: PromiseWithResolvers<ArgOf<T>>[]; timeout: NodeJS.Timeout }>();
+  private timeoutMs: number;
+
+  constructor({ timeoutMs }: { timeoutMs: number }) {
+    this.timeoutMs = timeoutMs;
+  }
+
+  wait(key: string): Promise<ArgOf<T>> {
+    const completer = Promise.withResolvers<ArgOf<T>>();
+    const existing = this.pending.get(key);
+    if (existing) {
+      existing.completers.push(completer);
+      return completer.promise;
+    }
+
+    const timeout = setTimeout(() => this.complete(key, { error: 'Request timed out' }), this.timeoutMs);
+    this.pending.set(key, { completers: [completer], timeout });
+    return completer.promise;
+  }
+
+  complete(key: string, value: ArgOf<T> | { error: string }) {
+    const pending = this.pending.get(key);
+    if (!pending) {
+      return;
+    }
+    clearTimeout(pending.timeout);
+    this.pending.delete(key);
+    if ('error' in value) {
+      const error = new Error(value.error);
+      for (const completer of pending.completers) {
+        completer.reject(error);
+      }
+    } else {
+      for (const completer of pending.completers) {
+        completer.resolve(value);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+
+  rejectByPrefix(prefix: string, error: string) {
+    for (const key of this.pending.keys()) {
+      if (key.startsWith(prefix)) {
+        this.complete(key, { error });
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

server/src/utils/media.ts

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { AUDIO_ENCODER } from 'src/constants';
+import { AUDIO_ENCODER, SUPPORTED_HWA_CODECS } from 'src/constants';
 import { SystemConfigFFmpegDto } from 'src/dtos/system-config.dto';
 import {
   ColorMatrix,
@@ -13,38 +13,56 @@ import {
 import {
   AudioStreamInfo,
   BitrateDistribution,
+  HlsCommandOptions,
   TranscodeCommand,
-  VideoCodecHWConfig,
   VideoCodecSWConfig,
   VideoFormat,
   VideoInterfaces,
   VideoStreamInfo,
+  VideoTuning,
 } from 'src/types';
 
+export const isVideoRotated = (videoStream: VideoStreamInfo): boolean => Math.abs(videoStream.rotation) === 90;
+
+export const isVideoVertical = (videoStream: VideoStreamInfo): boolean =>
+  videoStream.height > videoStream.width || isVideoRotated(videoStream);
+
+export const getOutputSize = (videoStream: VideoStreamInfo, targetRes: number) => {
+  const factor = Math.max(videoStream.height, videoStream.width) / Math.min(videoStream.height, videoStream.width);
+  let larger = Math.round(targetRes * factor);
+  if (larger % 2 !== 0) {
+    larger -= 1;
+  }
+  return isVideoVertical(videoStream) ? { width: targetRes, height: larger } : { width: larger, height: targetRes };
+};
+
 export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
   readonly presets = ['veryslow', 'slower', 'slow', 'medium', 'fast', 'faster', 'veryfast', 'superfast', 'ultrafast'];
-  protected constructor(protected config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto) {}
+  protected constructor(
+    protected config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto,
+    protected tune: VideoTuning = { strictGop: false, lowLatency: false },
+  ) {}
 
-  static create(config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto, interfaces: VideoInterfaces): VideoCodecSWConfig {
+  static create(config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto, interfaces: VideoInterfaces, tune?: VideoTuning) {
     if (config.accel === TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Disabled) {
-      return this.getSWCodecConfig(config);
+      return this.getSWCodecConfig(config, tune);
     }
-    return this.getHWCodecConfig(config, interfaces);
+    return this.getHWCodecConfig(config, interfaces, tune);
   }
 
-  private static getSWCodecConfig(config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto) {
+  private static getSWCodecConfig(config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto, tune?: VideoTuning): VideoCodecSWConfig {
     switch (config.targetVideoCodec) {
       case VideoCodec.H264: {
-        return new H264Config(config);
+        return new H264Config(config, tune);
       }
       case VideoCodec.Hevc: {
-        return new HEVCConfig(config);
+        return new HEVCConfig(config, tune);
       }
       case VideoCodec.Vp9: {
-        return new VP9Config(config);
+        return new VP9Config(config, tune);
       }
       case VideoCodec.Av1: {
-        return new AV1Config(config);
+        return new AV1Config(config, tune);
       }
       default: {
         throw new Error(`Codec '${config.targetVideoCodec}' is unsupported`);
@@ -52,72 +70,122 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
     }
   }
 
-  private static getHWCodecConfig(config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto, interfaces: VideoInterfaces) {
+  private static getHWCodecConfig(config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto, interfaces: VideoInterfaces, tune?: VideoTuning) {
-    let handler: VideoCodecHWConfig;
+    if (!SUPPORTED_HWA_CODECS[config.accel].includes(config.targetVideoCodec)) {
+      throw new Error(
+        `${config.accel.toUpperCase()} acceleration does not support codec '${config.targetVideoCodec.toUpperCase()}'. Supported codecs: ${SUPPORTED_HWA_CODECS[config.accel]}`,
+      );
+    }
+
+    let handler: VideoCodecSWConfig;
     switch (config.accel) {
       case TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Nvenc: {
         handler = config.accelDecode
-          ? new NvencHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces)
+          ? new NvencHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune)
-          : new NvencSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces);
+          : new NvencSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune);
         break;
       }
       case TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Qsv: {
         handler = config.accelDecode
-          ? new QsvHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces)
+          ? new QsvHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune)
-          : new QsvSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces);
+          : new QsvSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune);
         break;
       }
       case TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Vaapi: {
         handler = config.accelDecode
-          ? new VaapiHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces)
+          ? new VaapiHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune)
-          : new VaapiSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces);
+          : new VaapiSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune);
         break;
       }
       case TranscodeHardwareAcceleration.Rkmpp: {
         handler = config.accelDecode
-          ? new RkmppHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces)
+          ? new RkmppHwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune)
-          : new RkmppSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces);
+          : new RkmppSwDecodeConfig(config, interfaces, tune);
         break;
       }
       default: {
         throw new Error(`${config.accel.toUpperCase()} acceleration is unsupported`);
       }
     }
-    if (!handler.getSupportedCodecs().includes(config.targetVideoCodec)) {
-      throw new Error(
-        `${config.accel.toUpperCase()} acceleration does not support codec '${config.targetVideoCodec.toUpperCase()}'. Supported codecs: ${handler.getSupportedCodecs()}`,
-      );
-    }
 
     return handler;
   }
 
-  getCommand(
+  getCommand(target: TranscodeTarget, video: VideoStreamInfo, audio?: AudioStreamInfo, format?: VideoFormat) {
-    target: TranscodeTarget,
-    videoStream: VideoStreamInfo,
-    audioStream?: AudioStreamInfo,
-    format?: VideoFormat,
-  ) {
     const options = {
-      inputOptions: this.getBaseInputOptions(videoStream, format),
+      inputOptions: this.getBaseInputOptions(video, format),
-      outputOptions: [...this.getBaseOutputOptions(target, videoStream, audioStream), '-v', 'verbose'],
+      outputOptions: [
+        ...this.getBaseOutputOptions(target, video, audio),
+        ...this.getPresetOptions(),
+        ...this.getBitrateOptions(),
+        ...this.getEncoderOptions(),
+        '-movflags',
+        'faststart',
+        '-fps_mode',
+        'passthrough',
+        '-v',
+        'verbose',
+      ],
       twoPass: this.eligibleForTwoPass(),
-      progress: { frameCount: videoStream.frameCount, percentInterval: 5 },
+      progress: { frameCount: video.frameCount, percentInterval: 5 },
     } as TranscodeCommand;
     if ([TranscodeTarget.All, TranscodeTarget.Video].includes(target)) {
-      const filters = this.getFilterOptions(videoStream);
+      const filters = this.getFilterOptions(video);
       if (filters.length > 0) {
         options.outputOptions.push('-vf', filters.join(','));
       }
     }
 
-    options.outputOptions.push(
+    return options;
+  }
+
+  getHlsCommand(options: HlsCommandOptions, video: VideoStreamInfo, audio?: AudioStreamInfo) {
+    const args: string[] = this.getBaseInputOptions(video);
+    if (options.seekSeconds) {
+      args.push('-ss', String(options.seekSeconds));
+    }
+    args.push(
+      '-nostdin',
+      '-nostats',
+      '-i',
+      options.inputPath,
+      ...this.getBaseOutputOptions(options.target, video, audio),
       ...this.getPresetOptions(),
-      ...this.getOutputThreadOptions(),
       ...this.getBitrateOptions(),
+      ...this.getEncoderOptions(),
+      '-copyts',
+      '-r',
+      `${options.packetCount * options.timeBase}/${options.totalDuration}`,
+      '-avoid_negative_ts',
+      'disabled',
+      '-f',
+      'hls',
+      '-hls_time',
+      String(options.segmentDuration),
+      '-hls_list_size',
+      '0',
+      '-hls_segment_type',
+      'fmp4',
+      '-hls_fmp4_init_filename',
+      options.initFilename,
+      '-hls_segment_options',
+      'movflags=+frag_discont',
+      '-hls_flags',
+      'temp_file',
+      '-hls_segment_filename',
+      options.segmentFilename,
+      '-start_number',
+      String(options.startSegment),
     );
 
-    return options;
+    if ([TranscodeTarget.All, TranscodeTarget.Video].includes(options.target)) {
+      const filters = this.getFilterOptions(video);
+      if (filters.length > 0) {
+        args.push('-vf', filters.join(','));
+      }
+    }
+    args.push(options.playlistFilename);
+    return args;
   }
 
   // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-unused-vars
@@ -129,23 +197,7 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
     const videoCodec = [TranscodeTarget.All, TranscodeTarget.Video].includes(target) ? this.getVideoCodec() : 'copy';
     const audioCodec = [TranscodeTarget.All, TranscodeTarget.Audio].includes(target) ? this.getAudioEncoder() : 'copy';
 
-    const options = [
+    const options = ['-c:v', videoCodec, '-c:a', audioCodec, '-map', `0:${videoStream.index}`, '-map_metadata', '-1'];
-      '-c:v',
-      videoCodec,
-      '-c:a',
-      audioCodec,
-      // Makes a second pass moving the moov atom to the
-      // beginning of the file for improved playback speed.
-      '-movflags',
-      'faststart',
-      '-fps_mode',
-      'passthrough',
-      '-map',
-      `0:${videoStream.index}`,
-      '-map_metadata',
-      '-1',
-    ];
-
     if (audioStream) {
       options.push('-map', `0:${audioStream.index}`);
     }
@@ -157,18 +209,22 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
     }
     if (this.getGopSize() > 0) {
       options.push('-g', `${this.getGopSize()}`);
+      if (this.tune.strictGop) {
+        options.push('-keyint_min', `${this.getGopSize()}`);
+      }
     }
-
+    const isHvc = (videoCodec === 'copy' ? videoStream.codecName : videoCodec) === VideoCodec.Hevc;
-    if (
+    if (isHvc) {
-      this.config.targetVideoCodec === VideoCodec.Hevc &&
-      (videoCodec !== 'copy' || videoStream.codecName === 'hevc')
-    ) {
       options.push('-tag:v', 'hvc1');
     }
 
     return options;
   }
 
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
+    return [];
+  }
+
   getFilterOptions(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {
     const options = [];
     if (this.shouldScale(videoStream)) {
@@ -272,25 +328,7 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
 
   getScaling(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo, mult = 2) {
     const targetResolution = this.getTargetResolution(videoStream);
-    return this.isVideoVertical(videoStream) ? `${targetResolution}:-${mult}` : `-${mult}:${targetResolution}`;
+    return isVideoVertical(videoStream) ? `${targetResolution}:-${mult}` : `-${mult}:${targetResolution}`;
-  }
-
-  getSize(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {
-    const smaller = this.getTargetResolution(videoStream);
-    const factor = Math.max(videoStream.height, videoStream.width) / Math.min(videoStream.height, videoStream.width);
-    let larger = Math.round(smaller * factor);
-    if (larger % 2 !== 0) {
-      larger -= 1;
-    }
-    return this.isVideoVertical(videoStream) ? { width: smaller, height: larger } : { width: larger, height: smaller };
-  }
-
-  isVideoRotated(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {
-    return Math.abs(videoStream.rotation) === 90;
-  }
-
-  isVideoVertical(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {
-    return videoStream.height > videoStream.width || this.isVideoRotated(videoStream);
   }
 
   isBitrateConstrained() {
@@ -353,23 +391,18 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
   }
 }
 
-export class BaseHWConfig extends BaseConfig implements VideoCodecHWConfig {
+export class BaseHWConfig extends BaseConfig {
   protected device: string;
-  protected interfaces: VideoInterfaces;
 
   constructor(
     protected config: SystemConfigFFmpegDto,
-    interfaces: VideoInterfaces,
+    protected interfaces: VideoInterfaces,
+    tune?: VideoTuning,
   ) {
-    super(config);
+    super(config, tune);
-    this.interfaces = interfaces;
     this.device = this.getDevice(interfaces);
   }
 
-  getSupportedCodecs() {
-    return [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc];
-  }
-
   validateDevices(devices: string[]) {
     if (devices.length === 0) {
       throw new Error('No /dev/dri devices found. If using Docker, make sure at least one /dev/dri device is mounted');
@@ -474,24 +507,32 @@ export class ThumbnailConfig extends BaseConfig {
 }
 
 export class H264Config extends BaseConfig {
-  getOutputThreadOptions() {
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
-    const options = super.getOutputThreadOptions();
+    const out = this.getOutputThreadOptions();
-    if (this.config.threads === 1) {
+    if (this.tune.strictGop) {
-      options.push('-x264-params', 'frame-threads=1:pools=none');
+      out.push('-sc_threshold:v', '0');
     }
-
+    if (this.config.threads === 1) {
-    return options;
+      out.push('-x264-params', 'frame-threads=1:pools=none');
+    }
+    return out;
   }
 }
 
 export class HEVCConfig extends BaseConfig {
-  getOutputThreadOptions() {
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
-    const options = super.getOutputThreadOptions();
+    const out: string[] = this.getOutputThreadOptions();
-    if (this.config.threads === 1) {
+    const params: string[] = [];
-      options.push('-x265-params', 'frame-threads=1:pools=none');
+    if (this.tune.strictGop) {
+      params.push('no-scenecut=1', 'no-open-gop=1');
     }
-
+    if (this.config.threads === 1) {
-    return options;
+      params.push('frame-threads=1', 'pools=none');
+    }
+    if (params.length > 0) {
+      out.push('-x265-params', params.join(':'));
+    }
+    return out;
   }
 }
 
@@ -520,8 +561,8 @@ export class VP9Config extends BaseConfig {
     return [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'}`, `${this.config.crf}`, '-b:v', `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`];
   }
 
-  getOutputThreadOptions() {
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
-    return ['-row-mt', '1', ...super.getOutputThreadOptions()];
+    return ['-row-mt', '1', ...this.getOutputThreadOptions()];
   }
 
   eligibleForTwoPass() {
@@ -543,23 +584,22 @@ export class AV1Config extends BaseConfig {
   }
 
   getBitrateOptions() {
-    const options = ['-crf', `${this.config.crf}`];
+    return ['-crf', `${this.config.crf}`];
-    const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
-    const svtparams = [];
-    if (this.config.threads > 0) {
-      svtparams.push(`lp=${this.config.threads}`);
-    }
-    if (bitrates.max > 0) {
-      svtparams.push(`mbr=${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`);
-    }
-    if (svtparams.length > 0) {
-      options.push('-svtav1-params', svtparams.join(':'));
-    }
-    return options;
   }
 
-  getOutputThreadOptions() {
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
-    return []; // Already set above with svtav1-params
+    const params: string[] = [];
+    if (this.tune.lowLatency) {
+      params.push('hierarchical-levels=3', 'lookahead=0', 'enable-tf=0');
+    }
+    if (this.config.threads > 0) {
+      params.push(`lp=${this.config.threads}`);
+    }
+    const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
+    if (bitrates.max > 0) {
+      params.push(`mbr=${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`);
+    }
+    return params.length > 0 ? ['-svtav1-params', params.join(':')] : [];
   }
 
   eligibleForTwoPass() {
@@ -572,10 +612,6 @@ export class NvencSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     return '0';
   }
 
-  getSupportedCodecs() {
-    return [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Av1];
-  }
-
   getBaseInputOptions() {
     return ['-init_hw_device', `cuda=cuda:${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda'];
   }
@@ -652,6 +688,14 @@ export class NvencSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     return [];
   }
 
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
+    const out = this.getOutputThreadOptions();
+    if (this.tune.strictGop) {
+      out.push('-forced-idr', '1');
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
+
   getRefs() {
     const bframes = this.getBFrames();
     if (bframes > 0 && bframes < 3 && this.config.refs < 3) {
@@ -703,8 +747,8 @@ export class NvencHwDecodeConfig extends NvencSwDecodeConfig {
     return ['-threads', '1'];
   }
 
-  getOutputThreadOptions() {
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
-    return [];
+    return this.tune.strictGop ? ['-forced-idr', '1'] : [];
   }
 }
 
@@ -749,10 +793,6 @@ export class QsvSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     return options;
   }
 
-  getSupportedCodecs() {
-    return [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Vp9, VideoCodec.Av1];
-  }
-
   // recommended from https://github.com/intel/media-delivery/blob/master/doc/benchmarks/intel-iris-xe-max-graphics/intel-iris-xe-max-graphics.md
   getBFrames() {
     if (this.config.bframes < 0) {
@@ -775,6 +815,14 @@ export class QsvSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
   getScaling(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo): string {
     return super.getScaling(videoStream, 1);
   }
+
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
+    const out = this.getOutputThreadOptions();
+    if (this.tune.strictGop) {
+      out.push('-idr_interval', '0');
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
 }
 
 export class QsvHwDecodeConfig extends QsvSwDecodeConfig {
@@ -888,13 +936,17 @@ export class VaapiSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     return options;
   }
 
-  getSupportedCodecs() {
-    return [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc, VideoCodec.Vp9, VideoCodec.Av1];
-  }
-
   useCQP() {
     return this.config.cqMode !== CQMode.Icq || this.config.targetVideoCodec === VideoCodec.Vp9;
   }
+
+  getEncoderOptions(): string[] {
+    const out = this.getOutputThreadOptions();
+    if (this.tune.strictGop) {
+      out.push('-idr_interval', '0');
+    }
+    return out;
+  }
 }
 
 export class VaapiHwDecodeConfig extends VaapiSwDecodeConfig {
@@ -988,10 +1040,6 @@ export class RkmppSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     return ['-rc_mode', 'CQP', '-qp_init', `${this.config.crf}`];
   }
 
-  getSupportedCodecs() {
-    return [VideoCodec.H264, VideoCodec.Hevc];
-  }
-
   getVideoCodec(): string {
     return `${this.config.targetVideoCodec}_rkmpp`;
   }

server/test/fixtures/media.stub.ts

@@ -597,7 +597,7 @@ export const train = {
   packets: {
     totalDuration: 12_290,
     packetCount: 1229,
-    outputFrames: 1303,
+    outputFrames: 1304,
     keyframePts: [
       0, 601, 1201, 1802, 2402, 3003, 3604, 4204, 4805, 5405, 6006, 6607, 7207, 7808, 8408, 9009, 9609, 10_210, 10_811,
       11_411, 12_062, 12_703,

server/test/repositories/storage.repository.mock.ts

@@ -75,5 +75,6 @@ export const newStorageRepositoryMock = (): Mocked<RepositoryInterface<StorageRe
     copyFile: vitest.fn(),
     utimes: vitest.fn(),
     watch: vitest.fn().mockImplementation(makeMockWatcher({})),
+    watchDir: vitest.fn().mockImplementation(() => ({ close: vitest.fn(), on: vitest.fn() })),
   };
 };

server/test/utils.ts

@@ -181,7 +181,11 @@ export const automock = <T>(
   const mocks: Mock[] = [];
 
   const instance = new Dependency(...args);
-  for (const property of Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Dependency.prototype)) {
+  const propertyNames = new Set([
+    ...Object.getOwnPropertyNames(Dependency.prototype),
+    ...Object.getOwnPropertyNames(instance),
+  ]);
+  for (const property of propertyNames) {
     if (property === 'constructor') {
       continue;
     }
@@ -346,7 +350,7 @@ export const getMocks = () => {
     trash: automock(TrashRepository),
     user: automock(UserRepository, { strict: false }),
     versionHistory: automock(VersionHistoryRepository),
-    videoStream: automock(VideoStreamRepository),
+    videoStream: automock(VideoStreamRepository, { strict: false }),
     view: automock(ViewRepository),
     // eslint-disable-next-line no-sparse-arrays
     websocket: automock(WebsocketRepository, { args: [, loggerMock], strict: false }),
@@ -500,6 +504,7 @@ export const mockSpawn = vitest.fn((exitCode: number, stdout: string, stderr: st
         callback(exitCode);
       }
     }),
+    kill: vitest.fn(),
   } as unknown as ChildProcessWithoutNullStreams;
 });
 

server/tsconfig.json

@@ -8,9 +8,9 @@
     "experimentalDecorators": true,
     "allowSyntheticDefaultImports": true,
     "resolveJsonModule": true,
-    "target": "es2022",
+    "target": "es2024",
     "moduleResolution": "node16",
-    "lib": ["dom", "es2023"],
+    "lib": ["dom", "es2024"],
     "sourceMap": true,
     "outDir": "./dist",
     "incremental": true,

web/package.json

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
     "@formatjs/icu-messageformat-parser": "^3.0.0",
     "@immich/justified-layout-wasm": "^0.4.3",
     "@immich/sdk": "workspace:*",
-    "@immich/ui": "^0.79.0",
+    "@immich/ui": "^0.77.0",
     "@mapbox/mapbox-gl-rtl-text": "0.4.0",
     "@mdi/js": "^7.4.47",
     "@noble/hashes": "^2.2.0",

web/src/lib/components/album-page/AlbumViewer.svelte

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
       {/if}
     </AssetSelectControlBar>
   {:else}
-    <ControlAppBar>
+    <ControlAppBar showBackButton={false}>
       {#snippet leading()}
         <a data-sveltekit-preload-data="hover" class="ms-4" href="/">
           <Logo variant={mediaQueryManager.maxMd ? 'icon' : 'inline'} class="min-w-10" />

web/src/lib/components/pages/SharedLinkPage.svelte

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
     </div>
   </main>
   <header>
-    <ControlAppBar>
+    <ControlAppBar showBackButton={false}>
       {#snippet leading()}
         <a data-sveltekit-preload-data="hover" class="ms-4" href="/">
           <Logo variant="inline" />

web/src/lib/components/share-page/IndividualSharedViewer.svelte

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
   import { toTimelineAsset } from '$lib/utils/timeline-util';
   import { getAssetInfo, type SharedLinkResponseDto } from '@immich/sdk';
   import { IconButton, Logo, toastManager } from '@immich/ui';
-  import { mdiDownload, mdiFileImagePlusOutline, mdiSelectAll } from '@mdi/js';
+  import { mdiArrowLeft, mdiDownload, mdiFileImagePlusOutline, mdiSelectAll } from '@mdi/js';
   import { t } from 'svelte-i18n';
   import ControlAppBar from '../shared-components/ControlAppBar.svelte';
   import GalleryViewer from '../shared-components/gallery-viewer/GalleryViewer.svelte';
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
         {/if}
       </AssetSelectControlBar>
     {:else}
-      <ControlAppBar>
+      <ControlAppBar onClose={() => goto(Route.photos())} backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} showBackButton={false}>
         {#snippet leading()}
           <a data-sveltekit-preload-data="hover" class="ms-4" href="/">
             <Logo variant={mediaQueryManager.maxMd ? 'icon' : 'inline'} class="min-w-10" />

web/src/lib/components/shared-components/ControlAppBar.svelte

@@ -1,49 +1,97 @@
 <script lang="ts">
-  import { ControlBar, ControlBarContent, ControlBarHeader, ControlBarOverflow, ControlBarTitle } from '@immich/ui';
+  import { browser } from '$app/environment';
+  import { IconButton } from '@immich/ui';
   import { mdiClose } from '@mdi/js';
-  import type { Snippet } from 'svelte';
+  import { onDestroy, onMount, type Snippet } from 'svelte';
-  import type { ClassValue } from 'svelte/elements';
+  import { t } from 'svelte-i18n';
+  import { fly } from 'svelte/transition';
 
   interface Props {
+    showBackButton?: boolean;
     backIcon?: string;
-    class?: ClassValue;
+    tailwindClasses?: string;
+    forceDark?: boolean;
+    multiRow?: boolean;
     onClose?: () => void;
-    title?: Snippet | string;
     leading?: Snippet;
     children?: Snippet;
     trailing?: Snippet;
   }
 
-  let { backIcon = mdiClose, class: className = '', onClose, title, leading, children, trailing }: Props = $props();
+  let {
+    showBackButton = true,
+    backIcon = mdiClose,
+    tailwindClasses = '',
+    forceDark = false,
+    multiRow = false,
+    onClose = () => {},
+    leading,
+    children,
+    trailing,
+  }: Props = $props();
+
+  let appBarBorder = $state('border border-subtle');
+
+  const onScroll = () => {
+    if (window.scrollY > 80) {
+      appBarBorder = 'border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:border-gray-600';
+
+      if (forceDark) {
+        appBarBorder = 'border border-gray-600';
+      }
+    } else {
+      appBarBorder = 'border border-subtle';
+    }
+  };
+
+  onMount(() => {
+    if (browser) {
+      document.addEventListener('scroll', onScroll, { passive: true });
+    }
+  });
+
+  onDestroy(() => {
+    if (browser) {
+      document.removeEventListener('scroll', onScroll);
+    }
+  });
 </script>
 
-<div class={['absolute top-0 w-full bg-transparent p-2']}>
+<div in:fly={{ y: 10, duration: 200 }} class="absolute top-0 w-full bg-transparent">
-  <ControlBar closeIcon={backIcon} {onClose} shape="round" class={className}>
+  <nav
-    {#if title || leading}
+    id="asset-selection-app-bar"
-      <ControlBarHeader>
+    class={[
-        {#if title}
+      'grid',
-          <ControlBarTitle>
+      multiRow && 'grid-cols-[100%] md:grid-cols-[25%_50%_25%]',
-            {#if typeof title === 'string'}
+      !multiRow && 'grid-cols-[10%_80%_10%] sm:grid-cols-[25%_50%_25%]',
-              {title}
+      'justify-between lg:grid-cols-[25%_50%_25%]',
-            {:else}
+      appBarBorder,
-              {@render title()}
+      'm-2 place-items-center rounded-full p-2 transition-all max-md:p-0',
-            {/if}
+      tailwindClasses,
-          </ControlBarTitle>
+      forceDark ? 'bg-immich-dark-gray! text-white' : 'bg-light-50 dark:bg-immich-dark-gray',
-        {/if}
+    ]}
-        {@render leading?.()}
+  >
-      </ControlBarHeader>
+    <div class="flex place-items-center justify-self-start sm:gap-6 dark:text-immich-dark-fg {forceDark ? 'dark' : ''}">
-    {/if}
+      {#if showBackButton}
+        <IconButton
+          aria-label={$t('close')}
+          onclick={onClose}
+          color="secondary"
+          shape="round"
+          variant="ghost"
+          icon={backIcon}
+          size="large"
+        />
+      {/if}
+      {@render leading?.()}
+    </div>
 
-    {#if children}
+    <div class="w-full">
-      <ControlBarContent>
+      {@render children?.()}
-        {@render children()}
+    </div>
-      </ControlBarContent>
-    {/if}
 
-    {#if trailing}
+    <div class="me-4 flex place-items-center gap-1 justify-self-end max-[350px]:me-0 max-[350px]:gap-0">
-      <ControlBarOverflow>
+      {@render trailing?.()}
-        {@render trailing()}
+    </div>
-      </ControlBarOverflow>
+  </nav>
-    {/if}
-  </ControlBar>
 </div>

web/src/lib/components/timeline/AssetSelectControlBar.svelte

@@ -7,18 +7,19 @@
 
   type Props = {
     children?: Snippet;
+    forceDark?: boolean;
   };
 
-  let { children }: Props = $props();
+  let { children, forceDark }: Props = $props();
 
   const onClose = () => assetMultiSelectManager.clear();
 
   const assets = $derived(assetMultiSelectManager.assets);
 </script>
 
-<ControlAppBar {onClose} backIcon={mdiClose}>
+<ControlAppBar {onClose} {forceDark} backIcon={mdiClose} tailwindClasses="bg-white shadow-md">
   {#snippet leading()}
-    <div class="font-medium text-primary">
+    <div class="font-medium {forceDark ? 'text-immich-dark-primary' : 'text-primary'}">
       <p class="block sm:hidden">{assets.length}</p>
       <p class="hidden sm:block">{$t('selected_count', { values: { count: assets.length } })}</p>
     </div>

web/src/routes/(user)/albums/[albumId=id]/[[photos=photos]]/[[assetId=id]]/+page.svelte

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
 <script lang="ts">
   import { goto, invalidate, onNavigate } from '$app/navigation';
   import { scrollMemoryClearer } from '$lib/actions/scroll-memory';
+  import AlbumDescription from './AlbumDescription.svelte';
   import AlbumMap from '$lib/components/album-page/AlbumMap.svelte';
   import AlbumSummary from '$lib/components/album-page/AlbumSummary.svelte';
+  import AlbumTitle from './AlbumTitle.svelte';
   import ActivityStatus from '$lib/components/asset-viewer/ActivityStatus.svelte';
   import ActivityViewer from '$lib/components/asset-viewer/ActivityViewer.svelte';
   import HeaderActionButton from '$lib/components/HeaderActionButton.svelte';
@@ -76,8 +78,6 @@
   import { t } from 'svelte-i18n';
   import { fly } from 'svelte/transition';
   import type { PageData } from './$types';
-  import AlbumDescription from './AlbumDescription.svelte';
-  import AlbumTitle from './AlbumTitle.svelte';
 
   interface Props {
     data: PageData;
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@
       </AssetSelectControlBar>
     {:else}
       {#if viewMode === AlbumPageViewMode.VIEW}
-        <ControlAppBar backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} onClose={() => goto(Route.albums())}>
+        <ControlAppBar showBackButton backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} onClose={() => goto(Route.albums())}>
           {#snippet trailing()}
             <ActionButton action={Cast} />
 

web/src/routes/(user)/memory/[[photos=photos]]/[[assetId=id]]/MemoryViewer.svelte

@@ -2,8 +2,11 @@
   import { afterNavigate, goto } from '$app/navigation';
   import { page } from '$app/state';
   import { shortcuts } from '$lib/actions/shortcut';
+  import MemoryPhotoViewer from './MemoryPhotoViewer.svelte';
+  import MemoryVideoViewer from './MemoryVideoViewer.svelte';
   import ButtonContextMenu from '$lib/components/shared-components/context-menu/ButtonContextMenu.svelte';
   import MenuOption from '$lib/components/shared-components/context-menu/MenuOption.svelte';
+  import ControlAppBar from '$lib/components/shared-components/ControlAppBar.svelte';
   import GalleryViewer from '$lib/components/shared-components/gallery-viewer/GalleryViewer.svelte';
   import ArchiveAction from '$lib/components/timeline/actions/ArchiveAction.svelte';
   import ChangeDate from '$lib/components/timeline/actions/ChangeDateAction.svelte';
@@ -34,7 +37,6 @@
     mdiChevronLeft,
     mdiChevronRight,
     mdiChevronUp,
-    mdiClose,
     mdiDotsVertical,
     mdiHeart,
     mdiHeartOutline,
@@ -52,8 +54,6 @@
   import { t } from 'svelte-i18n';
   import type { Attachment } from 'svelte/attachments';
   import { Tween } from 'svelte/motion';
-  import MemoryPhotoViewer from './MemoryPhotoViewer.svelte';
-  import MemoryVideoViewer from './MemoryVideoViewer.svelte';
 
   let memoryGallery: HTMLElement | undefined = $state();
   let memoryWrapper: HTMLElement | undefined = $state();
@@ -327,8 +327,8 @@
 />
 
 {#if assetMultiSelectManager.selectionActive}
-  <div class="sticky top-0 z-1 dark">
+  <div class="dark sticky top-0 z-1">
-    <AssetSelectControlBar>
+    <AssetSelectControlBar forceDark>
       {@const Actions = getAssetBulkActions($t)}
       <CreateSharedLink />
       <IconButton
@@ -365,33 +365,22 @@
 
 <section
   id="memory-viewer"
-  class="dark w-full text-white bg-immich-dark-gray"
+  class="w-full bg-immich-dark-gray"
   bind:this={memoryWrapper}
   bind:clientHeight={viewport.height}
   bind:clientWidth={viewport.width}
 >
   {#if current}
-    <div
+    <ControlAppBar onClose={() => goto(Route.photos())} forceDark multiRow>
-      class="max-md:h-auto max-md:flex-col dark grid grid-cols-[100%] md:grid-cols-[25%_50%_25%] px-2 py-2 md:px-4 md:py-4"
+      {#snippet leading()}
-    >
+        {#if current}
-      {#if current}
-        <div class="flex gap-2 md:gap-6 items-center">
-          <IconButton
-            shape="round"
-            variant="ghost"
-            color="secondary"
-            icon={mdiClose}
-            aria-label={$t('close')}
-            size="large"
-            onclick={() => goto(Route.photos())}
-          />
           <p class="text-lg">
             {$memoryLaneTitle(current.memory)}
           </p>
-        </div>
+        {/if}
-      {/if}
+      {/snippet}
 
-      <div class="dark flex w-full place-content-center place-items-center gap-2">
+      <div class="dark flex place-content-center place-items-center gap-2">
         <IconButton
           shape="round"
           variant="ghost"
@@ -449,7 +438,7 @@
           </media-mute-button>
         {/if}
       </div>
-    </div>
+    </ControlAppBar>
 
     {#if galleryInView}
       <div
@@ -473,7 +462,7 @@
       </div>
     {/if}
     <!-- Viewer -->
-    <section class="overflow-hidden pt-6 md:pt-0" bind:clientHeight={viewerHeight}>
+    <section class="overflow-hidden pt-32 md:pt-20" bind:clientHeight={viewerHeight}>
       <div
         class="ms-[-100%] box-border flex h-[calc(100vh-224px)] w-[300%] items-center justify-center gap-10 overflow-hidden md:h-[calc(100vh-180px)]"
       >

web/src/routes/(user)/partners/[userId]/[[photos=photos]]/[[assetId=id]]/+page.svelte

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
     <DownloadAction />
   </AssetSelectControlBar>
 {:else}
-  <ControlAppBar backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} onClose={() => goto(Route.sharing())}>
+  <ControlAppBar showBackButton backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} onClose={() => goto(Route.sharing())}>
     {#snippet leading()}
       <p class="whitespace-nowrap text-immich-fg dark:text-immich-dark-fg">
         {$t('partner_list_user_photos', { values: { user: data.partner.name } })}

web/src/routes/(user)/people/[personId]/[[photos=photos]]/[[assetId=id]]/+page.svelte

@@ -5,6 +5,9 @@
   import { listNavigation } from '$lib/actions/list-navigation';
   import { scrollMemoryClearer } from '$lib/actions/scroll-memory';
   import ImageThumbnail from '$lib/components/assets/thumbnail/ImageThumbnail.svelte';
+  import EditNameInput from './EditNameInput.svelte';
+  import MergeFaceSelector from './MergeFaceSelector.svelte';
+  import UnmergeFaceSelector from './UnmergeFaceSelector.svelte';
   import OnEvents from '$lib/components/OnEvents.svelte';
   import ButtonContextMenu from '$lib/components/shared-components/context-menu/ButtonContextMenu.svelte';
   import MenuOption from '$lib/components/shared-components/context-menu/MenuOption.svelte';
@@ -51,9 +54,6 @@
   import { onMount } from 'svelte';
   import { t } from 'svelte-i18n';
   import type { PageData } from './$types';
-  import EditNameInput from './EditNameInput.svelte';
-  import MergeFaceSelector from './MergeFaceSelector.svelte';
-  import UnmergeFaceSelector from './UnmergeFaceSelector.svelte';
 
   interface Props {
     data: PageData;
@@ -493,7 +493,7 @@
     </AssetSelectControlBar>
   {:else}
     {#if viewMode === PersonPageViewMode.VIEW_ASSETS}
-      <ControlAppBar backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} onClose={() => goto(previousRoute)}>
+      <ControlAppBar showBackButton backIcon={mdiArrowLeft} onClose={() => goto(previousRoute)}>
         {#snippet trailing()}
           <ContextMenuButton
             items={[SelectFeaturePhoto, HidePerson, ShowPerson, SetDateOfBirth, Merge, Favorite, Unfavorite]}

web/src/routes/(user)/search/[[photos=photos]]/[[assetId=id]]/+page.svelte

@@ -387,7 +387,8 @@
     {:else}
       <div class="fixed inset-s-0 top-0 z-2 w-full">
         <ControlAppBar onClose={() => goto(previousRoute)} backIcon={mdiArrowLeft}>
-          <div class="mx-auto w-full max-w-2xl pe-2">
+          <div class="absolute bg-light"></div>
+          <div class="w-full flex-1 ps-4">
             <SearchBar grayTheme={false} value={terms?.query ?? ''} searchQuery={terms} />
           </div>
         </ControlAppBar>

web/src/routes/admin/system-settings/FFmpegSettings.svelte

@@ -388,6 +388,22 @@
             />
           </div>
         </SettingAccordion>
+
+        <SettingAccordion
+          key="realtime-transcoding"
+          title={$t('admin.transcoding_realtime')}
+          subtitle={$t('admin.transcoding_realtime_description')}
+        >
+          <div class="ms-4 mt-4 flex flex-col gap-4">
+            <SettingSwitch
+              title={$t('admin.transcoding_realtime_enabled')}
+              subtitle={$t('admin.transcoding_realtime_enabled_description')}
+              bind:checked={configToEdit.ffmpeg.realtime.enabled}
+              isEdited={configToEdit.ffmpeg.realtime.enabled !== configToEdit.ffmpeg.realtime.enabled}
+              {disabled}
+            />
+          </div>
+        </SettingAccordion>
       </div>
 
       <div class="ms-4">