diff --git a/server/src/services/media.service.spec.ts b/server/src/services/media.service.spec.ts
index 51a10a39c2..61940dd91d 100644
--- a/server/src/services/media.service.spec.ts
+++ b/server/src/services/media.service.spec.ts
@@ -504,13 +504,18 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: ['-skip_frame nointra', '-sws_flags accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
+          inputOptions: ['-skip_frame', 'nointra', '-sws_flags', 'accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
           outputOptions: [
-            '-fps_mode vfr',
-            '-frames:v 1',
-            '-update 1',
-            '-v verbose',
-            String.raw`-vf fps=12:start_time=0:eof_action=pass:round=down,thumbnail=12,select=gt(scene\,0.1)-eq(prev_selected_n\,n)+isnan(prev_selected_n)+gt(n\,20),trim=end_frame=2,reverse,scale=-2:1440:flags=lanczos+accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int:out_range=pc`,
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'vfr',
+            '-frames:v',
+            '1',
+            '-update',
+            '1',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            String.raw`fps=12:start_time=0:eof_action=pass:round=down,thumbnail=12,select=gt(scene\,0.1)-eq(prev_selected_n\,n)+isnan(prev_selected_n)+gt(n\,20),trim=end_frame=2,reverse,scale=-2:1440:flags=lanczos+accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int:out_range=pc`,
           ],
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -546,13 +551,18 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: ['-skip_frame nointra', '-sws_flags accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
+          inputOptions: ['-skip_frame', 'nointra', '-sws_flags', 'accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
           outputOptions: [
-            '-fps_mode vfr',
-            '-frames:v 1',
-            '-update 1',
-            '-v verbose',
-            String.raw`-vf fps=12:start_time=0:eof_action=pass:round=down,thumbnail=12,select=gt(scene\,0.1)-eq(prev_selected_n\,n)+isnan(prev_selected_n)+gt(n\,20),trim=end_frame=2,reverse,tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p`,
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'vfr',
+            '-frames:v',
+            '1',
+            '-update',
+            '1',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            String.raw`fps=12:start_time=0:eof_action=pass:round=down,thumbnail=12,select=gt(scene\,0.1)-eq(prev_selected_n\,n)+isnan(prev_selected_n)+gt(n\,20),trim=end_frame=2,reverse,tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p`,
           ],
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -590,13 +600,18 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: ['-skip_frame nointra', '-sws_flags accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
+          inputOptions: ['-skip_frame', 'nointra', '-sws_flags', 'accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
           outputOptions: [
-            '-fps_mode vfr',
-            '-frames:v 1',
-            '-update 1',
-            '-v verbose',
-            String.raw`-vf fps=12:start_time=0:eof_action=pass:round=down,thumbnail=12,select=gt(scene\,0.1)-eq(prev_selected_n\,n)+isnan(prev_selected_n)+gt(n\,20),trim=end_frame=2,reverse,tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p`,
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'vfr',
+            '-frames:v',
+            '1',
+            '-update',
+            '1',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            String.raw`fps=12:start_time=0:eof_action=pass:round=down,thumbnail=12,select=gt(scene\,0.1)-eq(prev_selected_n\,n)+isnan(prev_selected_n)+gt(n\,20),trim=end_frame=2,reverse,tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p`,
           ],
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -613,7 +628,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: ['-sws_flags accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
+          inputOptions: ['-sws_flags', 'accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'],
           outputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           progress: expect.any(Object),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -632,7 +647,8 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-bsf:v hevc_metadata=colour_primaries=1:matrix_coefficients=1:transfer_characteristics=1',
+            '-bsf:v',
+            'hevc_metadata=colour_primaries=1:matrix_coefficients=1:transfer_characteristics=1',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           progress: expect.any(Object),
@@ -1932,7 +1948,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-map 0:1', '-map 0:3']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-map', '0:1', '-map', '0:3']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -1952,7 +1968,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-map 0:0', '-map 0:2']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-map', '0:0', '-map', '0:2']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2147,7 +2163,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v copy', '-c:a aac']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'copy', '-c:a', 'aac']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2168,7 +2184,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.not.arrayContaining(['-tag:v hvc1']),
+          outputOptions: expect.not.arrayContaining(['-tag:v', 'hvc1']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2189,7 +2205,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v copy', '-tag:v hvc1']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'copy', '-tag:v', 'hvc1']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2204,7 +2220,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-c:a copy']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264', '-c:a', 'copy']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2218,7 +2234,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v copy', '-c:a copy']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'copy', '-c:a', 'copy']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2279,7 +2295,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-maxrate 4500k', '-bufsize 9000k']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264', '-maxrate', '4500k', '-bufsize', '9000k']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2294,7 +2310,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-maxrate 4500k', '-bufsize 9000k']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264', '-maxrate', '4500k', '-bufsize', '9000k']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2309,7 +2325,16 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-b:v 3104k', '-minrate 1552k', '-maxrate 4500k']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264',
+            '-b:v',
+            '3104k',
+            '-minrate',
+            '1552k',
+            '-maxrate',
+            '4500k',
+          ]),
           twoPass: true,
         }),
       );
@@ -2324,7 +2349,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-c:a copy']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264', '-c:a', 'copy']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2345,7 +2370,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-b:v 3104k', '-minrate 1552k', '-maxrate 4500k']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-b:v', '3104k', '-minrate', '1552k', '-maxrate', '4500k']),
           twoPass: true,
         }),
       );
@@ -2381,7 +2406,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-cpu-used 2']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-cpu-used', '2']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2411,7 +2436,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-threads 2']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-threads', '2']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2426,7 +2451,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-threads 1', '-x264-params frame-threads=1:pools=none']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-threads', '1', '-x264-params', 'frame-threads=1:pools=none']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2456,7 +2481,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v hevc', '-threads 1', '-x265-params frame-threads=1:pools=none']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-c:v',
+            'hevc',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
+            '-x265-params',
+            'frame-threads=1:pools=none',
+          ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2487,15 +2519,24 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-c:v libsvtav1',
-            '-movflags faststart',
-            '-fps_mode passthrough',
-            '-map 0:0',
-            '-map 0:3',
-            '-v verbose',
-            '-vf scale=-2:720',
-            '-preset 12',
-            '-crf 23',
+            '-c:v',
+            'libsvtav1',
+            '-movflags',
+            'faststart',
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'passthrough',
+            '-map',
+            '0:0',
+            '-map',
+            '0:3',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            'scale=-2:720',
+            '-preset',
+            '12',
+            '-crf',
+            '23',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2511,7 +2552,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-preset 4']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-preset', '4']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2526,7 +2567,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-svtav1-params mbr=2M']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-svtav1-params', 'mbr=2M']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2541,7 +2582,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-svtav1-params lp=4']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-svtav1-params', 'lp=4']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2558,7 +2599,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-svtav1-params lp=4:mbr=2M']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-svtav1-params', 'lp=4:mbr=2M']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2615,7 +2656,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:a libopus']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:a', 'libopus']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2645,23 +2686,38 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device', 'cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-tune hq',
-            '-qmin 0',
-            '-rc-lookahead 20',
-            '-i_qfactor 0.75',
-            `-c:v h264_nvenc`,
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-movflags faststart',
-            '-fps_mode passthrough',
-            '-map 0:0',
-            '-map 0:3',
-            '-g 256',
-            '-v verbose',
-            '-vf hwupload_cuda,scale_cuda=-2:720:format=nv12',
-            '-preset p1',
-            '-cq:v 23',
+            '-tune',
+            'hq',
+            '-qmin',
+            '0',
+            '-rc-lookahead',
+            '20',
+            '-i_qfactor',
+            '0.75',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_nvenc',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-movflags',
+            'faststart',
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'passthrough',
+            '-map',
+            '0:0',
+            '-map',
+            '0:3',
+            '-g',
+            '256',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            'hwupload_cuda,scale_cuda=-2:720:format=nv12',
+            '-preset',
+            'p1',
+            '-cq:v',
+            '23',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2682,7 +2738,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device', 'cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('-multipass')]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2699,8 +2755,8 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device cuda']),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-cq:v 23', '-maxrate 10000k', '-bufsize 6897k']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device', 'cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-cq:v', '23', '-maxrate', '10000k', '-bufsize', '6897k']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2716,7 +2772,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device', 'cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.not.stringContaining('-maxrate'),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2733,7 +2789,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device', 'cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.not.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('-preset')]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2748,7 +2804,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-init_hw_device', 'cuda=cuda:0', '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.not.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('-multipass')]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2766,10 +2822,13 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-hwaccel cuda',
-            '-hwaccel_output_format cuda',
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'cuda',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'cuda',
             '-noautorotate',
-            '-threads 1',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('scale_cuda=-2:720:format=nv12')]),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -2787,7 +2846,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel cuda', '-hwaccel_output_format cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel', 'cuda', '-hwaccel_output_format', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
             expect.stringContaining(
               'tonemap_cuda=desat=0:matrix=bt709:primaries=bt709:range=pc:tonemap=hable:tonemap_mode=lum:transfer=bt709:peak=100:format=nv12',
@@ -2808,7 +2867,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel cuda', '-hwaccel_output_format cuda']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel', 'cuda', '-hwaccel_output_format', 'cuda']),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('scale_cuda=-2:720:format=nv12')]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2826,25 +2885,42 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device hw',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'hw',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            `-c:v h264_qsv`,
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-movflags faststart',
-            '-fps_mode passthrough',
-            '-map 0:0',
-            '-map 0:3',
-            '-bf 7',
-            '-refs 5',
-            '-g 256',
-            '-v verbose',
-            '-vf hwupload=extra_hw_frames=64,scale_qsv=-1:720:mode=hq:format=nv12',
-            '-preset 7',
-            '-global_quality:v 23',
-            '-maxrate 10000k',
-            '-bufsize 20000k',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_qsv',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-movflags',
+            'faststart',
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'passthrough',
+            '-map',
+            '0:0',
+            '-map',
+            '0:3',
+            '-bf',
+            '7',
+            '-refs',
+            '5',
+            '-g',
+            '256',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            'hwupload=extra_hw_frames=64,scale_qsv=-1:720:mode=hq:format=nv12',
+            '-preset',
+            '7',
+            '-global_quality:v',
+            '23',
+            '-maxrate',
+            '10000k',
+            '-bufsize',
+            '20000k',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -2866,8 +2942,10 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device hw',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'hw',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -2886,8 +2964,10 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device hw',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'hw',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.not.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('-preset')]),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -2906,10 +2986,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device hw',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'hw',
           ]),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-low_power 1']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-low_power', '1']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2935,10 +3017,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD129',
-            '-filter_hw_device hw',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'qsv=hw,child_device=/dev/dri/renderD129',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'hw',
           ]),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([`-c:v h264_qsv`]),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264_qsv']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -2957,12 +3041,17 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-hwaccel qsv',
-            '-hwaccel_output_format qsv',
-            '-async_depth 4',
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'qsv',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'qsv',
+            '-async_depth',
+            '4',
             '-noautorotate',
-            '-threads 1',
-            '-qsv_device /dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
+            '-qsv_device',
+            '/dev/dri/renderD128',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('scale_qsv=-1:720:async_depth=4:mode=hq')]),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -2983,10 +3072,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-hwaccel qsv',
-            '-hwaccel_output_format qsv',
-            '-async_depth 4',
-            '-threads 1',
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'qsv',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'qsv',
+            '-async_depth',
+            '4',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
             expect.stringContaining(
@@ -3010,7 +3103,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel qsv', '-qsv_device /dev/dri/renderD129']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel', 'qsv', '-qsv_device', '/dev/dri/renderD129']),
           outputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3030,10 +3123,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-hwaccel qsv',
-            '-hwaccel_output_format qsv',
-            '-async_depth 4',
-            '-threads 1',
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'qsv',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'qsv',
+            '-async_depth',
+            '4',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('format=nv12')]),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -3050,21 +3147,34 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            `-c:v h264_vaapi`,
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-movflags faststart',
-            '-fps_mode passthrough',
-            '-map 0:0',
-            '-map 0:3',
-            '-g 256',
-            '-v verbose',
-            '-vf hwupload=extra_hw_frames=64,scale_vaapi=-2:720:mode=hq:out_range=pc:format=nv12',
-            '-compression_level 7',
-            '-rc_mode 1',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_vaapi',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-movflags',
+            'faststart',
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'passthrough',
+            '-map',
+            '0:0',
+            '-map',
+            '0:3',
+            '-g',
+            '256',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            'hwupload=extra_hw_frames=64,scale_vaapi=-2:720:mode=hq:out_range=pc:format=nv12',
+            '-compression_level',
+            '7',
+            '-rc_mode',
+            '1',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3082,15 +3192,22 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            `-c:v h264_vaapi`,
-            '-b:v 6897k',
-            '-maxrate 10000k',
-            '-minrate 3448.5k',
-            '-rc_mode 3',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_vaapi',
+            '-b:v',
+            '6897k',
+            '-maxrate',
+            '10000k',
+            '-minrate',
+            '3448.5k',
+            '-rc_mode',
+            '3',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3106,15 +3223,22 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            `-c:v h264_vaapi`,
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-qp:v 23',
-            '-global_quality:v 23',
-            '-rc_mode 1',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_vaapi',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-qp:v',
+            '23',
+            '-global_quality:v',
+            '23',
+            '-rc_mode',
+            '1',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3132,8 +3256,10 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.not.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('-compression_level')]),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -3151,10 +3277,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD129',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD129',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([`-c:v h264_vaapi`]),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264_vaapi']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3172,10 +3300,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([`-c:v h264_vaapi`]),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264_vaapi']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3194,11 +3324,15 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-hwaccel vaapi',
-            '-hwaccel_output_format vaapi',
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'vaapi',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'vaapi',
             '-noautorotate',
-            '-threads 1',
-            '-hwaccel_device /dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
+            '-hwaccel_device',
+            '/dev/dri/renderD128',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('scale_vaapi=-2:720:mode=hq:out_range=pc')]),
           twoPass: false,
@@ -3218,7 +3352,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel vaapi', '-hwaccel_output_format vaapi', '-threads 1']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'vaapi',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'vaapi',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
+          ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
             expect.stringContaining(
               'hwmap=derive_device=opencl,tonemap_opencl=desat=0:format=nv12:matrix=bt709:primaries=bt709:transfer=bt709:range=pc:tonemap=hable:tonemap_mode=lum:peak=100,hwmap=derive_device=vaapi:reverse=1,format=vaapi',
@@ -3241,7 +3382,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel vaapi', '-hwaccel_output_format vaapi', '-threads 1']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'vaapi',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'vaapi',
+            '-threads',
+            '1',
+          ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([expect.stringContaining('format=nv12')]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3260,7 +3408,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel vaapi', '-hwaccel_device /dev/dri/renderD129']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel', 'vaapi', '-hwaccel_device', '/dev/dri/renderD129']),
           outputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3280,10 +3428,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
-            '-filter_hw_device accel',
+            '-init_hw_device',
+            'vaapi=accel:/dev/dri/renderD128',
+            '-filter_hw_device',
+            'accel',
           ]),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([`-c:v h264_vaapi`]),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264_vaapi']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3303,7 +3453,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3320,7 +3470,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3345,24 +3495,39 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-hwaccel rkmpp',
-            '-hwaccel_output_format drm_prime',
-            '-afbc rga',
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'rkmpp',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'drm_prime',
+            '-afbc',
+            'rga',
             '-noautorotate',
           ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            `-c:v h264_rkmpp`,
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-movflags faststart',
-            '-fps_mode passthrough',
-            '-map 0:0',
-            '-map 0:3',
-            '-g 256',
-            '-v verbose',
-            '-vf scale_rkrga=-2:720:format=nv12:afbc=1:async_depth=4',
-            '-level 51',
-            '-rc_mode CQP',
-            '-qp_init 23',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_rkmpp',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-movflags',
+            'faststart',
+            '-fps_mode',
+            'passthrough',
+            '-map',
+            '0:0',
+            '-map',
+            '0:3',
+            '-g',
+            '256',
+            '-v',
+            'verbose',
+            '-vf',
+            'scale_rkrga=-2:720:format=nv12:afbc=1:async_depth=4',
+            '-level',
+            '51',
+            '-rc_mode',
+            'CQP',
+            '-qp_init',
+            '23',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3384,8 +3549,24 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel rkmpp', '-hwaccel_output_format drm_prime', '-afbc rga']),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([`-c:v hevc_rkmpp`, '-level 153', '-rc_mode AVBR', '-b:v 10000k']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'rkmpp',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'drm_prime',
+            '-afbc',
+            'rga',
+          ]),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-c:v',
+            'hevc_rkmpp',
+            '-level',
+            '153',
+            '-rc_mode',
+            'AVBR',
+            '-b:v',
+            '10000k',
+          ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3401,8 +3582,24 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel rkmpp', '-hwaccel_output_format drm_prime', '-afbc rga']),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([`-c:v h264_rkmpp`, '-level 51', '-rc_mode CQP', '-qp_init 30']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'rkmpp',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'drm_prime',
+            '-afbc',
+            'rga',
+          ]),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264_rkmpp',
+            '-level',
+            '51',
+            '-rc_mode',
+            'CQP',
+            '-qp_init',
+            '30',
+          ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3418,7 +3615,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel rkmpp', '-hwaccel_output_format drm_prime', '-afbc rga']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'rkmpp',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'drm_prime',
+            '-afbc',
+            'rga',
+          ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
             expect.stringContaining(
               'scale_rkrga=-2:720:format=p010:afbc=1:async_depth=4,hwmap=derive_device=opencl:mode=read,tonemap_opencl=format=nv12:r=pc:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:tonemap=hable:desat=0:tonemap_mode=lum:peak=100,hwmap=derive_device=rkmpp:mode=write:reverse=1,format=drm_prime',
@@ -3440,7 +3644,14 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         '/original/path.ext',
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
-          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-hwaccel rkmpp', '-hwaccel_output_format drm_prime', '-afbc rga']),
+          inputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
+            '-hwaccel',
+            'rkmpp',
+            '-hwaccel_output_format',
+            'drm_prime',
+            '-afbc',
+            'rga',
+          ]),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
             expect.stringContaining('scale_rkrga=-2:720:format=nv12:afbc=1:async_depth=4'),
           ]),
@@ -3502,9 +3713,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-c:v h264',
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-vf tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-vf',
+            'tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3521,9 +3735,12 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
           outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining([
-            '-c:v h264',
-            '-c:a copy',
-            '-vf tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p',
+            '-c:v',
+            'h264',
+            '-c:a',
+            'copy',
+            '-vf',
+            'tonemapx=tonemap=hable:desat=0:p=bt709:t=bt709:m=bt709:r=pc:peak=100:format=yuv420p',
           ]),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
@@ -3539,7 +3756,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-c:a copy', '-vf format=yuv420p']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264', '-c:a', 'copy', '-vf', 'format=yuv420p']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3554,7 +3771,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.any(String),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v h264', '-c:a copy', '-vf scale=-2:720,format=yuv420p']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:v', 'h264', '-c:a', 'copy', '-vf', 'scale=-2:720,format=yuv420p']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
@@ -3600,7 +3817,7 @@ describe(MediaService.name, () => {
         expect.stringContaining('video-id.mp4'),
         expect.objectContaining({
           inputOptions: expect.any(Array),
-          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:a copy']),
+          outputOptions: expect.arrayContaining(['-c:a', 'copy']),
           twoPass: false,
         }),
       );
diff --git a/server/src/utils/media.ts b/server/src/utils/media.ts
index ce185305bd..fb27223d3a 100644
--- a/server/src/utils/media.ts
+++ b/server/src/utils/media.ts
@@ -91,14 +91,14 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
   ) {
     const options = {
       inputOptions: this.getBaseInputOptions(videoStream, format),
-      outputOptions: [...this.getBaseOutputOptions(target, videoStream, audioStream), '-v verbose'],
+      outputOptions: [...this.getBaseOutputOptions(target, videoStream, audioStream), '-v', 'verbose'],
       twoPass: this.eligibleForTwoPass(),
       progress: { frameCount: videoStream.frameCount, percentInterval: 5 },
     } as TranscodeCommand;
     if ([TranscodeTarget.All, TranscodeTarget.Video].includes(target)) {
       const filters = this.getFilterOptions(videoStream);
       if (filters.length > 0) {
-        options.outputOptions.push(`-vf ${filters.join(',')}`);
+        options.outputOptions.push('-vf', filters.join(','));
       }
     }
 
@@ -121,36 +121,40 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
     const audioCodec = [TranscodeTarget.All, TranscodeTarget.Audio].includes(target) ? this.getAudioEncoder() : 'copy';
 
     const options = [
-      `-c:v ${videoCodec}`,
-      `-c:a ${audioCodec}`,
+      '-c:v',
+      videoCodec,
+      '-c:a',
+      audioCodec,
       // Makes a second pass moving the moov atom to the
       // beginning of the file for improved playback speed.
-      '-movflags faststart',
-      '-fps_mode passthrough',
-      // explicitly selects the video stream instead of leaving it up to FFmpeg
-      `-map 0:${videoStream.index}`,
-      // Strip metadata like capture date, camera, and GPS
-      '-map_metadata -1',
+      '-movflags',
+      'faststart',
+      '-fps_mode',
+      'passthrough',
+      '-map',
+      `0:${videoStream.index}`,
+      '-map_metadata',
+      '-1',
     ];
 
     if (audioStream) {
-      options.push(`-map 0:${audioStream.index}`);
+      options.push('-map', `0:${audioStream.index}`);
     }
     if (this.getBFrames() > -1) {
-      options.push(`-bf ${this.getBFrames()}`);
+      options.push('-bf', `${this.getBFrames()}`);
     }
     if (this.getRefs() > 0) {
-      options.push(`-refs ${this.getRefs()}`);
+      options.push('-refs', `${this.getRefs()}`);
     }
     if (this.getGopSize() > 0) {
-      options.push(`-g ${this.getGopSize()}`);
+      options.push('-g', `${this.getGopSize()}`);
     }
 
     if (
       this.config.targetVideoCodec === VideoCodec.Hevc &&
       (videoCodec !== 'copy' || videoStream.codecName === 'hevc')
     ) {
-      options.push('-tag:v hvc1');
+      options.push('-tag:v', 'hvc1');
     }
 
     return options;
@@ -173,26 +177,32 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
   }
 
   getPresetOptions() {
-    return [`-preset ${this.config.preset}`];
+    return ['-preset', this.config.preset];
   }
 
   getBitrateOptions() {
     const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
     if (this.eligibleForTwoPass()) {
       return [
-        `-b:v ${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-minrate ${bitrates.min}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-b:v',
+        `${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-minrate',
+        `${bitrates.min}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-maxrate',
+        `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
       ];
     } else if (bitrates.max > 0) {
       // -bufsize is the peak possible bitrate at any moment, while -maxrate is the max rolling average bitrate
       return [
-        `-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'} ${this.config.crf}`,
-        `-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-bufsize ${bitrates.max * 2}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        `-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'}`,
+        `${this.config.crf}`,
+        '-maxrate',
+        `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-bufsize',
+        `${bitrates.max * 2}${bitrates.unit}`,
       ];
     } else {
-      return [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'} ${this.config.crf}`];
+      return [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'}`, `${this.config.crf}`];
     }
   }
 
@@ -204,7 +214,7 @@ export class BaseConfig implements VideoCodecSWConfig {
     if (this.config.threads <= 0) {
       return [];
     }
-    return [`-threads ${this.config.threads}`];
+    return ['-threads', `${this.config.threads}`];
   }
 
   eligibleForTwoPass() {
@@ -395,8 +405,8 @@ export class ThumbnailConfig extends BaseConfig {
     // skip_frame nointra skips all frames for some MPEG-TS files. Look at ffmpeg tickets 7950 and 7895 for more details.
     const options =
       format?.formatName === 'mpegts'
-        ? ['-sws_flags accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int']
-        : ['-skip_frame nointra', '-sws_flags accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'];
+        ? ['-sws_flags', 'accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int']
+        : ['-skip_frame', 'nointra', '-sws_flags', 'accurate_rnd+full_chroma_int'];
 
     const metadataOverrides = [];
     if (videoStream.colorPrimaries === 'reserved') {
@@ -413,14 +423,14 @@ export class ThumbnailConfig extends BaseConfig {
 
     if (metadataOverrides.length > 0) {
       // workaround for https://fftrac-bg.ffmpeg.org/ticket/11020
-      options.push(`-bsf:v ${videoStream.codecName}_metadata=${metadataOverrides.join(':')}`);
+      options.push('-bsf:v', `${videoStream.codecName}_metadata=${metadataOverrides.join(':')}`);
     }
 
     return options;
   }
 
   getBaseOutputOptions() {
-    return ['-fps_mode vfr', '-frames:v 1', '-update 1'];
+    return ['-fps_mode', 'vfr', '-frames:v', '1', '-update', '1'];
   }
 
   getFilterOptions(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo): string[] {
@@ -455,7 +465,7 @@ export class H264Config extends BaseConfig {
   getOutputThreadOptions() {
     const options = super.getOutputThreadOptions();
     if (this.config.threads === 1) {
-      options.push('-x264-params frame-threads=1:pools=none');
+      options.push('-x264-params', 'frame-threads=1:pools=none');
     }
 
     return options;
@@ -466,7 +476,7 @@ export class HEVCConfig extends BaseConfig {
   getOutputThreadOptions() {
     const options = super.getOutputThreadOptions();
     if (this.config.threads === 1) {
-      options.push('-x265-params frame-threads=1:pools=none');
+      options.push('-x265-params', 'frame-threads=1:pools=none');
     }
 
     return options;
@@ -477,7 +487,7 @@ export class VP9Config extends BaseConfig {
   getPresetOptions() {
     const speed = Math.min(this.getPresetIndex(), 5); // values over 5 require realtime mode, which is its own can of worms since it overrides -crf and -threads
     if (speed >= 0) {
-      return [`-cpu-used ${speed}`];
+      return ['-cpu-used', `${speed}`];
     }
     return [];
   }
@@ -486,17 +496,20 @@ export class VP9Config extends BaseConfig {
     const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
     if (bitrates.max > 0 && this.eligibleForTwoPass()) {
       return [
-        `-b:v ${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-minrate ${bitrates.min}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-b:v',
+        `${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-minrate',
+        `${bitrates.min}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-maxrate',
+        `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
       ];
     }
 
-    return [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'} ${this.config.crf}`, `-b:v ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`];
+    return [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'crf'}`, `${this.config.crf}`, '-b:v', `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`];
   }
 
   getOutputThreadOptions() {
-    return ['-row-mt 1', ...super.getOutputThreadOptions()];
+    return ['-row-mt', '1', ...super.getOutputThreadOptions()];
   }
 
   eligibleForTwoPass() {
@@ -512,13 +525,13 @@ export class AV1Config extends BaseConfig {
   getPresetOptions() {
     const speed = this.getPresetIndex() + 4; // Use 4 as slowest, giving us an effective range of 4-12 which is far more useful than 0-8
     if (speed >= 0) {
-      return [`-preset ${speed}`];
+      return ['-preset', `${speed}`];
     }
     return [];
   }
 
   getBitrateOptions() {
-    const options = [`-crf ${this.config.crf}`];
+    const options = ['-crf', `${this.config.crf}`];
     const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
     const svtparams = [];
     if (this.config.threads > 0) {
@@ -528,7 +541,7 @@ export class AV1Config extends BaseConfig {
       svtparams.push(`mbr=${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`);
     }
     if (svtparams.length > 0) {
-      options.push(`-svtav1-params ${svtparams.join(':')}`);
+      options.push('-svtav1-params', svtparams.join(':'));
     }
     return options;
   }
@@ -552,23 +565,27 @@ export class NvencSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
   }
 
   getBaseInputOptions() {
-    return [`-init_hw_device cuda=cuda:${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device cuda'];
+    return ['-init_hw_device', `cuda=cuda:${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device', 'cuda'];
   }
 
   getBaseOutputOptions(target: TranscodeTarget, videoStream: VideoStreamInfo, audioStream?: AudioStreamInfo) {
     const options = [
       // below settings recommended from https://docs.nvidia.com/video-technologies/video-codec-sdk/12.0/ffmpeg-with-nvidia-gpu/index.html#command-line-for-latency-tolerant-high-quality-transcoding
-      '-tune hq',
-      '-qmin 0',
-      '-rc-lookahead 20',
-      '-i_qfactor 0.75',
+      '-tune',
+      'hq',
+      '-qmin',
+      '0',
+      '-rc-lookahead',
+      '20',
+      '-i_qfactor',
+      '0.75',
       ...super.getBaseOutputOptions(target, videoStream, audioStream),
     ];
     if (this.getBFrames() > 0) {
-      options.push('-b_ref_mode middle', '-b_qfactor 1.1');
+      options.push('-b_ref_mode', 'middle', '-b_qfactor', '1.1');
     }
     if (this.config.temporalAQ) {
-      options.push('-temporal-aq 1');
+      options.push('-temporal-aq', '1');
     }
     return options;
   }
@@ -589,26 +606,33 @@ export class NvencSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
       return [];
     }
     presetIndex = 7 - Math.min(6, presetIndex); // map to p1-p7; p7 is the highest quality, so reverse index
-    return [`-preset p${presetIndex}`];
+    return ['-preset', `p${presetIndex}`];
   }
 
   getBitrateOptions() {
     const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
     if (bitrates.max > 0 && this.config.twoPass) {
       return [
-        `-b:v ${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-bufsize ${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        '-multipass 2',
+        '-b:v',
+        `${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-maxrate',
+        `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-bufsize',
+        `${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-multipass',
+        '2',
       ];
     } else if (bitrates.max > 0) {
       return [
-        `-cq:v ${this.config.crf}`,
-        `-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-bufsize ${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-cq:v',
+        `${this.config.crf}`,
+        '-maxrate',
+        `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-bufsize',
+        `${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
       ];
     } else {
-      return [`-cq:v ${this.config.crf}`];
+      return ['-cq:v', `${this.config.crf}`];
     }
   }
 
@@ -627,7 +651,7 @@ export class NvencSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
 
 export class NvencHwDecodeConfig extends NvencSwDecodeConfig {
   getBaseInputOptions() {
-    return ['-hwaccel cuda', '-hwaccel_output_format cuda', '-noautorotate', ...this.getInputThreadOptions()];
+    return ['-hwaccel', 'cuda', '-hwaccel_output_format', 'cuda', '-noautorotate', ...this.getInputThreadOptions()];
   }
 
   getFilterOptions(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {
@@ -664,7 +688,7 @@ export class NvencHwDecodeConfig extends NvencSwDecodeConfig {
   }
 
   getInputThreadOptions() {
-    return [`-threads 1`];
+    return ['-threads', '1'];
   }
 
   getOutputThreadOptions() {
@@ -674,14 +698,14 @@ export class NvencHwDecodeConfig extends NvencSwDecodeConfig {
 
 export class QsvSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
   getBaseInputOptions() {
-    return [`-init_hw_device qsv=hw,child_device=${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device hw'];
+    return ['-init_hw_device', `qsv=hw,child_device=${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device', 'hw'];
   }
 
   getBaseOutputOptions(target: TranscodeTarget, videoStream: VideoStreamInfo, audioStream?: AudioStreamInfo) {
     const options = super.getBaseOutputOptions(target, videoStream, audioStream);
     // VP9 requires enabling low power mode https://git.ffmpeg.org/gitweb/ffmpeg.git/commit/33583803e107b6d532def0f9d949364b01b6ad5a
     if (this.config.targetVideoCodec === VideoCodec.Vp9) {
-      options.push('-low_power 1');
+      options.push('-low_power', '1');
     }
     return options;
   }
@@ -701,14 +725,14 @@ export class QsvSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
       return [];
     }
     presetIndex = Math.min(6, presetIndex) + 1; // 1 to 7
-    return [`-preset ${presetIndex}`];
+    return ['-preset', `${presetIndex}`];
   }
 
   getBitrateOptions() {
-    const options = [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'global_quality:v'} ${this.config.crf}`];
+    const options = [`-${this.useCQP() ? 'q:v' : 'global_quality:v'}`, `${this.config.crf}`];
     const bitrates = this.getBitrateDistribution();
     if (bitrates.max > 0) {
-      options.push(`-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`, `-bufsize ${bitrates.max * 2}${bitrates.unit}`);
+      options.push('-maxrate', `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`, '-bufsize', `${bitrates.max * 2}${bitrates.unit}`);
     }
     return options;
   }
@@ -744,11 +768,15 @@ export class QsvSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
 export class QsvHwDecodeConfig extends QsvSwDecodeConfig {
   getBaseInputOptions() {
     return [
-      '-hwaccel qsv',
-      '-hwaccel_output_format qsv',
-      '-async_depth 4',
+      '-hwaccel',
+      'qsv',
+      '-hwaccel_output_format',
+      'qsv',
+      '-async_depth',
+      '4',
       '-noautorotate',
-      `-qsv_device ${this.device}`,
+      '-qsv_device',
+      this.device,
       ...this.getInputThreadOptions(),
     ];
   }
@@ -791,13 +819,13 @@ export class QsvHwDecodeConfig extends QsvSwDecodeConfig {
   }
 
   getInputThreadOptions() {
-    return [`-threads 1`];
+    return ['-threads', '1'];
   }
 }
 
 export class VaapiSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
   getBaseInputOptions() {
-    return [`-init_hw_device vaapi=accel:${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device accel'];
+    return ['-init_hw_device', `vaapi=accel:${this.device}`, '-filter_hw_device', 'accel'];
   }
 
   getFilterOptions(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {
@@ -816,7 +844,7 @@ export class VaapiSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
       return [];
     }
     presetIndex = Math.min(6, presetIndex) + 1; // 1 to 7
-    return [`-compression_level ${presetIndex}`];
+    return ['-compression_level', `${presetIndex}`];
   }
 
   getBitrateOptions() {
@@ -824,21 +852,25 @@ export class VaapiSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     const options = [];
 
     if (this.config.targetVideoCodec === VideoCodec.Vp9) {
-      options.push('-bsf:v vp9_raw_reorder,vp9_superframe');
+      options.push('-bsf:v', 'vp9_raw_reorder,vp9_superframe');
     }
 
     // VAAPI doesn't allow setting both quality and max bitrate
     if (bitrates.max > 0) {
       options.push(
-        `-b:v ${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-maxrate ${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        `-minrate ${bitrates.min}${bitrates.unit}`,
-        '-rc_mode 3',
+        '-b:v',
+        `${bitrates.target}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-maxrate',
+        `${bitrates.max}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-minrate',
+        `${bitrates.min}${bitrates.unit}`,
+        '-rc_mode',
+        '3',
       ); // variable bitrate
     } else if (this.useCQP()) {
-      options.push(`-qp:v ${this.config.crf}`, `-global_quality:v ${this.config.crf}`, '-rc_mode 1');
+      options.push('-qp:v', `${this.config.crf}`, '-global_quality:v', `${this.config.crf}`, '-rc_mode', '1');
     } else {
-      options.push(`-global_quality:v ${this.config.crf}`, '-rc_mode 4');
+      options.push('-global_quality:v', `${this.config.crf}`, '-rc_mode', '4');
     }
 
     return options;
@@ -856,10 +888,13 @@ export class VaapiSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
 export class VaapiHwDecodeConfig extends VaapiSwDecodeConfig {
   getBaseInputOptions() {
     return [
-      '-hwaccel vaapi',
-      '-hwaccel_output_format vaapi',
+      '-hwaccel',
+      'vaapi',
+      '-hwaccel_output_format',
+      'vaapi',
       '-noautorotate',
-      `-hwaccel_device ${this.device}`,
+      '-hwaccel_device',
+      this.device,
       ...this.getInputThreadOptions(),
     ];
   }
@@ -902,7 +937,7 @@ export class VaapiHwDecodeConfig extends VaapiSwDecodeConfig {
   }
 
   getInputThreadOptions() {
-    return [`-threads 1`];
+    return ['-threads', '1'];
   }
 }
 
@@ -919,11 +954,11 @@ export class RkmppSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     switch (this.config.targetVideoCodec) {
       case VideoCodec.H264: {
         // from ffmpeg_mpp help, commonly referred to as H264 level 5.1
-        return ['-level 51'];
+        return ['-level', '51'];
       }
       case VideoCodec.Hevc: {
         // from ffmpeg_mpp help, commonly referred to as HEVC level 5.1
-        return ['-level 153'];
+        return ['-level', '153'];
       }
       default: {
         throw new Error(`Incompatible video codec for RKMPP: ${this.config.targetVideoCodec}`);
@@ -935,10 +970,10 @@ export class RkmppSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
     const bitrate = this.getMaxBitrateValue();
     if (bitrate > 0) {
       // -b:v specifies max bitrate, average bitrate is derived automatically...
-      return ['-rc_mode AVBR', `-b:v ${bitrate}${this.getBitrateUnit()}`];
+      return ['-rc_mode', 'AVBR', '-b:v', `${bitrate}${this.getBitrateUnit()}`];
     }
     // use CRF value as QP value
-    return ['-rc_mode CQP', `-qp_init ${this.config.crf}`];
+    return ['-rc_mode', 'CQP', '-qp_init', `${this.config.crf}`];
   }
 
   getSupportedCodecs() {
@@ -952,7 +987,7 @@ export class RkmppSwDecodeConfig extends BaseHWConfig {
 
 export class RkmppHwDecodeConfig extends RkmppSwDecodeConfig {
   getBaseInputOptions() {
-    return ['-hwaccel rkmpp', '-hwaccel_output_format drm_prime', '-afbc rga', '-noautorotate'];
+    return ['-hwaccel', 'rkmpp', '-hwaccel_output_format', 'drm_prime', '-afbc', 'rga', '-noautorotate'];
   }
 
   getFilterOptions(videoStream: VideoStreamInfo) {