Update readme and changelog for v0.10.3

tls: Only require renewed cert at startup 7 days out (issue #1680 )
proxy: Add new URI hashing load balancing policy (#1679 )
2026-05-25 16:22:36 -04:00 · 2017-05-19 08:35:32 -06:00 · 2017-05-19 08:30:01 -06:00 · 2017-05-17 10:46:57 -06:00 · 2017-05-17 10:45:17 -06:00 · 2017-05-17 09:57:57 -06:00
732 changed files with 38182 additions and 96251 deletions
@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-[*]
-end_of_line = lf
-
-[caddytest/integration/caddyfile_adapt/*.caddyfiletest]
-indent_style = tab
@@ -1 +1,14 @@
-*.go text eol=lf
+# shell scripts should not use tabs to indent!
+*.bash    text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=tab-in-indent,trailing-space,tabwidth=2
+*.sh      text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=tab-in-indent,trailing-space,tabwidth=2
+
+# files for systemd (shell-similar)
+*.path    text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=tab-in-indent,trailing-space,tabwidth=2
+*.service text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=tab-in-indent,trailing-space,tabwidth=2
+*.timer   text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=tab-in-indent,trailing-space,tabwidth=2
+
+# go fmt will enforce this, but in case a user has not called "go fmt" allow GIT to catch this:
+*.go      text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=indent-with-non-tab,trailing-space,tabwidth=4
+
+*.yml     text eol=lf core.whitespace whitespace=tab-in-indent,trailing-space,tabwidth=2
+.git*     text eol=auto core.whitespace whitespace=trailing-space
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
 Contributing to Caddy
 =====================

-Welcome! Thank you for choosing to be a part of our community. Caddy wouldn't be nearly as excellent without your involvement!
+Welcome! Thank you for choosing to be a part of our community. Caddy wouldn't be great without your involvement!

 For starters, we invite you to join [the Caddy forum](https://caddy.community) where you can hang out with other Caddy users and developers.

 ## Common Tasks

 - [Contributing code](#contributing-code)
- [Writing a Caddy module](#writing-a-caddy-module)
+- [Writing a plugin](#writing-a-plugin)
 - [Asking or answering questions for help using Caddy](#getting-help-using-caddy)
 - [Reporting a bug](#reporting-bugs)
 - [Suggesting an enhancement or a new feature](#suggesting-features)
@@ -17,73 +17,61 @@ For starters, we invite you to join [the Caddy forum](https://caddy.community) w
 Other menu items:

 - [Values](#values)
- [Coordinated Disclosure](#coordinated-disclosure)
+- [Responsible Disclosure](#responsible-disclosure)
 - [Thank You](#thank-you)


 ### Contributing code

-You can have a huge impact on the project by helping with its code. To contribute code to Caddy, first submit or comment in an issue to discuss your contribution, then open a [pull request](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/pulls) (PR). If you're new to our community, that's okay: **we gladly welcome pull requests from anyone, regardless of your native language or coding experience.** You can get familiar with Caddy's code base by using [code search at Sourcegraph](https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/caddyserver/caddy).
+You can have a direct impact on the project by helping with its code. To contribute code to Caddy, open a [pull request](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/pulls) (PR). If you're new to our community, that's okay: **we gladly welcome pull requests from anyone, regardless of your native language or coding experience.**

-We hold contributions to a high standard for quality :bowtie:, so don't be surprised if we ask for revisions&mdash;even if it seems small or insignificant. Please don't take it personally. :blue_heart: If your change is on the right track, we can guide you to make it mergeable.
+We hold contributions to a high standard for quality :bowtie:, so don't be surprised if we ask for revisions&mdash;even if it seems small or insignificant. Please don't take it personally. :wink: If your change is on the right track, we can guide you to make it mergable.

 Here are some of the expectations we have of contributors:

- **Open an issue to propose your change first.** This way we can avoid confusion, coordinate what everyone is working on, and ensure that any changes are in-line with the project's goals and the best interests of its users. We can also discuss the best possible implementation. If there's already an issue about it, comment on the existing issue to claim it. A lot of valuable time can be saved by discussing a proposal first.
+- If your change is more than just a minor alteration, **open an issue to propose your change first.** This way we can avoid confusion, coordinate what everyone is working on, and ensure that changes are in-line with the project's goals and the best interests of its users. If there's already an issue about it, you can comment on the existing one to claim it.

- **Keep pull requests small.** Smaller PRs are more likely to be merged because they are easier to review! We might ask you to break up large PRs into smaller ones. [An example of what we want to avoid.](https://twitter.com/iamdevloper/status/397664295875805184)
+- **Keep pull requests small.** Smaller PRs are more likely to be merged because they are easier to review! We might ask you to break up large PRs into smaller ones. [An example of what we DON'T do.](https://twitter.com/iamdevloper/status/397664295875805184)

 - **Keep related commits together in a PR.** We do want pull requests to be small, but you should also keep multiple related commits in the same PR if they rely on each other.

- **Write tests.** Good, automated tests are very valuable! Written properly, they ensure your change works, and that other changes in the future won't break your change. CI checks should pass.
+- **Write tests.** Tests are essential! Written properly, they ensure your change works, and that other changes in the future won't break your change. CI checks should pass.

- **Benchmarks should be included for optimizations.** Optimizations sometimes make code harder to read or have changes that are less than obvious. They should be proven with benchmarks and profiling.
+- **Benchmarks should be included for optimizations.** Optimizations sometimes make code harder to read or have changes that are less than obvious. They should be proven to work better with benchmarks or profiling.

- **[Squash](http://gitready.com/advanced/2009/02/10/squashing-commits-with-rebase.html) insignificant commits.** Every commit should be significant. Commits which merely rewrite a comment or fix a typo can be combined into another commit that has more substance. Interactive rebase can do this, or a simpler way is `git reset --soft <diverging-commit>` then `git commit -s`.
+- **[Squash](http://gitready.com/advanced/2009/02/10/squashing-commits-with-rebase.html) insignificant commits.** Every commit should be significant. Commits which merely rewrite a comment or fix a typo can be combined into another commit that has more substance.

- **Be responsible for and maintain your contributions.** Caddy is a growing project, and it's much better when individual contributors help maintain their change after it is merged.
+- **Own your contributions.** Caddy is a growing project, and it's much better when individual contributors can help maintain their change after it is merged.

 - **Use comments properly.** We expect good godoc comments for package-level functions, types, and values. Comments are also useful whenever the purpose for a line of code is not obvious.

- **Pull requests may still get closed.** The longer a PR stays open and idle, the more likely it is to be closed. If we haven't reviewed it in a while, it probably means the change is not a priority. Please don't take this personally, we're trying to balance a lot of tasks! If nobody else has commented or reacted to the PR, it likely means your change is useful only to you. The reality is this happens quite a lot. We don't tend to accept PRs that aren't generally helpful. For these reasons or others, the PR may get closed even after a review. We are not obligated to accept all proposed changes, even if the best justification we can give is something vague like, "It doesn't sit right." Sometimes PRs are just the wrong thing or the wrong time. Because it is open source, you can always build your own modified version of Caddy with a change you need, even if we reject it in the official repo. Plus, because Caddy is extensible, it's possible your feature could make a great plugin instead!
-
- **You certify that you wrote and comprehend the code you submit.** The Caddy project welcomes original contributions that comply with [our CLA](https://cla-assistant.io/caddyserver/caddy), meaning that authors must be able to certify that they created or have rights to the code they are contributing. In addition, we require that code is not simply copy-pasted from Q/A sites or AI language models without full comprehension and rigorous testing. In other words: contributors are allowed to refer to communities for assistance and use AI tools such as language models for inspiration, but code which originates from or is assisted by these resources MUST be:
-
-	- Licensed for you to freely share
-	- Fully comprehended by you (be able to explain every line of code)
-	- Verified by automated tests when feasible, or thorough manual tests otherwise
-
-	We have found that current language models (LLMs, like ChatGPT) may understand code syntax and even problem spaces to an extent, but often fail in subtle ways to convey true knowledge and produce correct algorithms. Integrated tools such as GitHub Copilot and Sourcegraph Cody may be used for inspiration, but code generated by these tools still needs to meet our criteria for licensing, human comprehension, and testing. These tools may be used to help write code comments and tests as long as you can certify they are accurate and correct. Note that it is often more trouble than it's worth to certify that Copilot (for example) is not giving you code that is possibly plagiarised, unlicensed, or licensed with incompatible terms -- as the Caddy project cannot accept such contributions. If that's too difficult for you (or impossible), then we recommend using these resources only for inspiration and write your own code. Ultimately, you (the contributor) are responsible for the code you're submitting.
-
-	As a courtesy to reviewers, we kindly ask that you disclose when contributing code that was generated by an AI tool or copied from another website so we can be aware of what to look for in code review.
-
-We often grant [collaborator status](#collaborator-instructions) to contributors who author one or more significant, high-quality PRs that are merged into the code base.
+We often grant [collaborator status](#collaborator-instructions) to contributors who author one or more significant, high-quality PRs that are merged into the code base!


 #### HOW TO MAKE A PULL REQUEST TO CADDY

-Contributing to Go projects on GitHub is fun and easy. After you have proposed your change in an issue, we recommend the following workflow:
+Contributing to Go projects on GitHub is fun and easy. We recommend the following workflow:

-1. [Fork this repo](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy). This makes a copy of the code you can write to.
+1. [Fork this repo](https://github.com/mholt/caddy). This makes a copy of the code you can write to.

-2. If you don't already have this repo (caddyserver/caddy.git) repo on your computer, clone it down: `git clone https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy.git`
+2. If you don't already have this repo (mholt/caddy.git) repo on your computer, get it with `go get github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy`.

-3. Tell git that it can push the caddyserver/caddy.git repo to your fork by adding a remote: `git remote add myfork https://github.com/<your-username>/caddy.git`
+3. Tell git that it can push the mholt/caddy.git repo to your fork by adding a remote: `git remote add myfork https://github.com/you/caddy.git`

-4. Make your changes in the caddyserver/caddy.git repo on your computer.
+4. Make your changes in the mholt/caddy.git repo on your computer.

 5. Push your changes to your fork: `git push myfork`

-6. [Create a pull request](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/pull/new/master) to merge your changes into caddyserver/caddy @ master. (Click "compare across forks" and change the head fork.)
+6. [Create a pull request](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/pull/new/master) to merge your changes into mholt/caddy @ master. (Click "compare across forks" and change the head fork.)

 This workflow is nice because you don't have to change import paths. You can get fancier by using different branches if you want.


-### Writing a Caddy module
+### Writing a plugin

-Caddy can do more with modules! Anyone can write one. Caddy modules are Go libraries that get compiled into Caddy, extending its feature set. They can add directives to the Caddyfile, add new configuration adapters, and even implement new server types (e.g. HTTP, DNS).
+Caddy can do more with plugins! Anyone can write a plugin. Plugins are Go libraries that get compiled into Caddy, extending its feature set. They can add directives to the Caddyfile, change how the Caddyfile is loaded, and even implement new server types (e.g. HTTP, DNS). When it's ready, you can submit your plugin to the Caddy website so others can download it.

-[Learn how to write a module here](https://caddyserver.com/docs/extending-caddy). You should also share and discuss your module idea [on the forums](https://caddy.community) to have people test it out. We don't use the Caddy issue tracker for third-party modules.
+[Learn how to write and submit a plugin](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/wiki) on the wiki. You should also share and discuss your plugin idea [on the forums](https://caddy.community) to have people test it out. We don't use the Caddy issue tracker for plugins.


 ### Getting help using Caddy
@@ -95,61 +83,35 @@ Many people on the forums could benefit from your experience and expertise, too.

 ### Reporting bugs

-Like every software, Caddy has its flaws. If you find one, [search the issues](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/issues) to see if it has already been reported. If not, [open a new issue](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/issues/new) and describe the bug, and somebody will look into it! (This repository is only for Caddy and its standard modules.)
+Like every software, Caddy has its flaws. If you find one, [search the issues](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues) to see if it has already been reported. If not, [open a new issue](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues/new) and describe the bug, and somebody will look into it! (This repository is only for Caddy, not plugins.)

-**You can help us fix bugs!** Speed up the patch by identifying the bug in the code. This can sometimes be done by adding `fmt.Println()` statements (or similar) in relevant code paths to narrow down where the problem may be. It's a good way to [introduce yourself to the Go language](https://tour.golang.org), too.
+**You can help stop bugs in their tracks!** Speed up the patch by identifying the bug in the code. This can sometimes be done by adding `fmt.Println()` statements (or similar) in relevant code paths to narrow down where the problem may be. It's a good way to [introduce yourself to the Go language](https://tour.golang.org), too.

-We may reply with an issue template. Please follow the template so we have all the needed information. Unredacted&mdash;yes, actual values matter. We need to be able to repeat the bug using your instructions. Please simplify the issue as much as possible. If you don't, we might close your report. The burden is on you to make it easily reproducible and to convince us that it is actually a bug in Caddy. This is easiest to do when you write clear, concise instructions so we can reproduce the behavior (even if it seems obvious). The more detailed and specific you are, the faster we will be able to help you!
+Please follow the issue template so we have all the needed information. Unredacted&mdash;yes, actual values matter. We need to be able to repeat the bug using your instructions. Please simplify the issue as much as possible. The burden is on you to convince us that it is actually a bug in Caddy. This is easiest to do when you write clear, concise instructions so we can reproduce the behavior (even if it seems obvious). The more detailed and specific you are, the faster we will be able to help you!

 We suggest reading [How to Report Bugs Effectively](http://www.chiark.greenend.org.uk/~sgtatham/bugs.html).

 Please be kind. :smile: Remember that Caddy comes at no cost to you, and you're getting free support when we fix your issues. If we helped you, please consider helping someone else!

-#### Bug reporting expectations
-
-Maintainers---or more generally, developers---need three things to act on bugs:
-
-1. To agree or be convinced that it's a bug (reporter's responsibility).
-	- A bug is unintentional, undesired, or surprising behavior which violates documentation or relevant spec. It might be either a mistake in the documentation or a bug in the code.
-	- This project usually does not work around bugs in other software, systems, and dependencies; instead, we recommend that those bugs are fixed at their source. This sometimes means we close issues or reject PRs that attempt to fix, workaround, or hide bugs in other projects.
-
-2. To be able to understand what is happening (mostly reporter's responsibility).
-	- If the reporter can provide satisfactory instructions such that a developer can reproduce the bug, the developer will likely be able to understand the bug, write a test case, and implement a fix. This is the least amount of work for everyone and path to the fastest resolution.
-	- Otherwise, the burden is on the reporter to test possible solutions. This is less preferable because it loosens the feedback loop, slows down debugging efforts, obscures the true nature of the problem from the developers, and is unlikely to result in new test cases.
-
-3. A solution, or ideas toward a solution (mostly maintainer's responsibility).
-	- Sometimes the best solution is a documentation change.
-	- Usually the developers have the best domain knowledge for inventing a solution, but reporters may have ideas or preferences for how they would like the software to work.
-	- Security, correctness, and project goals/vision all take priority over a user's preferences.
-	- It's simply good business to yield a solution that satisfies the users, and it's even better business to leave them impressed.
-
-Thus, at the very least, the reporter is expected to:
-
-1. Convince the reader that it's a bug in Caddy (if it's not obvious).
-2. Reduce the problem down to the minimum specific steps required to reproduce it.
-
-The maintainer is usually able to do the rest; but of course the reporter may invest additional effort to speed up the process.
-
-

 ### Suggesting features

-First, [search to see if your feature has already been requested](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/issues). If it has, you can add a :+1: reaction to vote for it. If your feature idea is new, open an issue to request the feature. Please describe your idea thoroughly so that we know how to implement it! Really vague requests may not be helpful or actionable and, without clarification, will have to be closed.
+First, [search to see if your feature has already been requested](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues). If it has, you can add a :+1: reaction to vote for it. If your feature idea is new, open an issue to request the feature. You don't have to follow the bug template for feature requests. Please describe your idea thoroughly so that we know how to implement it! Really vague requests may not be helpful or actionable and without clarification will have to be closed.

-While we really do value your requests and implement many of them, not all features are a good fit for Caddy. Most of those [make good modules](#writing-a-caddy-module), which can be made by anyone! But if a feature is not in the best interest of the Caddy project or its users in general, we may politely decline to implement it into Caddy core. Additionally, some features are bad ideas altogether (for either obvious or non-obvious reasons) which may be rejected. We'll try to explain why we reject a feature, but sometimes the best we can do is, "It's not a good fit for the project."
+While we really do value your requests and implement many of them, not all features are a good fit for Caddy. Most of those [make good plugins](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/wiki), though, which can be made by anyone! But if a feature is not in the best interest of the Caddy project or its users in general, we may politely decline to implement it into Caddy core.


 ### Improving documentation

-Caddy's documentation is available at [https://caddyserver.com/docs](https://caddyserver.com/docs) and its source is in the [website repo](https://github.com/caddyserver/website). If you would like to make a fix to the docs, please submit an issue there describing the change to make.
+Caddy's documentation is available at [https://caddyserver.com/docs](https://caddyserver.com/docs). If you would like to make a fix to the docs, feel free to contribute at the [caddyserver/website](https://github.com/caddyserver/website) repository!
+
+Note that plugin documentation is not hosted by the Caddy website, other than basic usage examples. They are managed by the individual plugin authors, and you will have to contact them to change their documentation.

-Note that third-party module documentation is not hosted by the Caddy website, other than basic usage examples. They are managed by the individual module authors, and you will have to contact them to change their documentation.

-Our documentation is scoped to the Caddy project only: it is not for describing how other software or systems work, even if they relate to Caddy or web servers. That kind of content [can be found in our community wiki](https://caddy.community/c/wiki/13), however.

 ## Collaborator Instructions

-Collaborators have push rights to the repository. We grant this permission after one or more successful, high-quality PRs are merged! We thank them for their help. The expectations we have of collaborators are:
+Collabators have push rights to the repository. We grant this permission after one or more successful, high-quality PRs are merged! We thank them for their help.The expectations we have of collaborators are:

 - **Help review pull requests.** Be meticulous, but also kind. We love our contributors, but we critique the contribution to make it better. Multiple, thorough reviews make for the best contributions! Here are some questions to consider:
 	- Can the change be made more elegant?
@@ -164,11 +126,9 @@ Collaborators have push rights to the repository. We grant this permission after

 - **Do not merge pull requests until they have been approved by one or two other collaborators.** If a project owner approves the PR, it can be merged (as long as the conversation has finished too).

- **Prefer squashed commits over a messy merge.** If there are many little commits, please [squash the commits](https://stackoverflow.com/a/11732910/1048862) so we don't clutter the commit history.
+- **Prefer squashed commits over a messy merge.** If there are many little commits, please squash the commits so we don't clutter the commit history.

- **Don't accept new dependencies lightly.** Dependencies can make the world crash and burn, but they are sometimes necessary. Choose carefully. Extremely small dependencies (a few lines of code) can be inlined. The rest may not be needed. For those that are, Caddy uses [go modules](https://github.com/golang/go/wiki/Modules). All external dependencies must be installed as modules, and _Caddy must not export any types defined by those dependencies_. Check this diligently!
-
- **Be extra careful in some areas of the code.** There are some critical areas in the Caddy code base that we review extra meticulously: the `caddyhttp` and `caddytls` packages especially.
+- **Be extra careful in some areas of the code.** There are some critical areas in the Caddy code base that we review extra meticulously: the `caddy` and `caddytls` packages especially.

 - **Make sure tests test the actual thing.** Double-check that the tests fail without the change, and pass with it. It's important that they assert what they're purported to assert.

@@ -180,18 +140,19 @@ Collaborators have push rights to the repository. We grant this permission after



-## Values (WIP)
+## Values

 - A person is always more important than code. People don't like being handled "efficiently". But we can still process issues and pull requests efficiently while being kind, patient, and considerate.

 - The ends justify the means, if the means are good. A good tree won't produce bad fruit. But if we cut corners or are hasty in our process, the end result will not be good.


-## Security Policy
+## Responsible Disclosure

-If you think you've found a security vulnerability, please refer to our [Security Policy](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/security/policy) document.
+If you've found a security vulnerability, please email me, the author, directly: Matthew dot Holt at Gmail. I'll need enough information to verify the bug and make a patch. It will speed things up if you suggest a working patch. If your report is valid and a patch is released, we will not reveal your identity by default. If you wish to be credited, please give me the name to use. Thanks for responsibly helping Caddy&mdash;and thousands of websites&mdash;be more secure!


 ## Thank you

-Thanks for your help! Caddy would not be what it is today without your contributions.
+Thanks for your help! Caddy would not be what it is today without your
+contributions.
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-# These are supported funding model platforms
-
-github: [mholt] # Replace with up to 4 GitHub Sponsors-enabled usernames e.g., [user1, user2]
-patreon: # Replace with a single Patreon username
-open_collective: # Replace with a single Open Collective username
-ko_fi: # Replace with a single Ko-fi username
-tidelift: # Replace with a single Tidelift platform-name/package-name e.g., npm/babel
-community_bridge: # Replace with a single Community Bridge project-name e.g., cloud-foundry
-liberapay: # Replace with a single Liberapay username
-issuehunt: # Replace with a single IssueHunt username
-otechie: # Replace with a single Otechie username
-custom: # Replace with up to 4 custom sponsorship URLs e.g., ['link1', 'link2']
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+(Are you asking for help with using Caddy? Please use our forum instead: https://caddy.community. If you are filing a bug report, please take a few minutes to carefully answer the following questions. If your issue is not a bug report, you do not need to use this template. Thanks!)
+
+### 1. What version of Caddy are you using (`caddy -version`)?
+
+
+### 2. What are you trying to do?
+
+
+### 3. What is your entire Caddyfile?
+```text
+(paste Caddyfile here)
+```
+
+### 4. How did you run Caddy (give the full command and describe the execution environment)?
+
+
+### 5. Please paste any relevant HTTP request(s) here.
+
+(paste curl command, or full HTTP request including headers and body, here)
+
+
+### 6. What did you expect to see?
+
+
+### 7. What did you see instead (give full error messages and/or log)?
+
+
+### 8. How can someone who is starting from scratch reproduce the bug as minimally as possible?
+
+(Please strip away any extra infrastructure such as containers, reverse proxies, upstream apps, caches, dependencies, etc, to prove this is a bug in Caddy and not an external misconfiguration. Your chances of getting this bug fixed go way up the easier it is to replicate. Thank you!)
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+(Thank you for contributing to Caddy! Please fill this out to help us make the most of your pull request.)
+
+### 1. What does this change do, exactly?
+
+
+### 2. Please link to the relevant issues.
+
+
+### 3. Which documentation changes (if any) need to be made because of this PR?
+
+
+### 4. Checklist
+
+- [ ] I have written tests and verified that they fail without my change
+- [ ] I have squashed any insignificant commits
+- [ ] This change has comments for package types, values, functions, and non-obvious lines of code
+- [ ] I am willing to help maintain this change if there are issues with it later
@@ -1,59 +0,0 @@
-# Security Policy
-
-The Caddy project would like to make sure that it stays on top of all practically-exploitable vulnerabilities.
-
-
-## Supported Versions
-
-| Version | Supported          |
-| ------- | ------------------ |
-| 2.x     | ✔️ |
-| 1.x     | :x:                |
-| < 1.x   | :x:                |
-
-
-## Acceptable Scope
-
-A security report must demonstrate a security bug in the source code from this repository.
-
-Some security problems are the result of interplay between different components of the Web, rather than a vulnerability in the web server itself. Please only report vulnerabilities in the web server itself, as we cannot coerce the rest of the Web to be fixed (for example, we do not consider IP spoofing, BGP hijacks, or missing/misconfigured HTTP headers a vulnerability in the Caddy web server).
-
-Vulnerabilities caused by misconfigurations are out of scope. Yes, it is entirely possible to craft and use a configuration that is unsafe, just like with every other web server; we recommend against doing that.
-
-We do not accept reports if the steps imply or require a compromised system or third-party software, as we cannot control those. We expect that users secure their own systems and keep all their software patched. For example, if untrusted users are able to upload/write/host arbitrary files in the web root directory, it is NOT a security bug in Caddy if those files get served to clients; however, it _would_ be a valid report if a bug in Caddy's source code unintentionally gave unauthorized users the ability to upload unsafe files or delete files without relying on an unpatched system or piece of software.
-
-Client-side exploits are out of scope. In other words, it is not a bug in Caddy if the web browser does something unsafe, even if the downloaded content was served by Caddy. (Those kinds of exploits can generally be mitigated by proper configuration of HTTP headers.) As a general rule, the content served by Caddy is not considered in scope because content is configurable by the site owner or the associated web application.
-
-Security bugs in code dependencies (including Go's standard library) are out of scope. Instead, if a dependency has patched a relevant security bug, please feel free to open a public issue or pull request to update that dependency in our code.
-
-
-## Reporting a Vulnerability
-
-We get a lot of difficult reports that turn out to be invalid. Clear, obvious reports tend to be the most credible (but are also rare).
-
-First please ensure your report falls within the accepted scope of security bugs (above).
-
-We'll need enough information to verify the bug and make a patch. To speed things up, please include:
-
- Most minimal possible config (without redactions!)
- Command(s)
- Precise HTTP requests (`curl -v` and its output please)
- Full log output (please enable debug mode)
- Specific minimal steps to reproduce the issue from scratch
- A working patch
-
-Please DO NOT use containers, VMs, cloud instances or services, or any other complex infrastructure in your steps. Always prefer `curl -v` instead of web browsers.
-
-We consider publicly-registered domain names to be public information. This necessary in order to maintain the integrity of certificate transparency, public DNS, and other public trust systems. Do not redact domain names from your reports. The actual content of your domain name affects Caddy's behavior, so we need the exact domain name(s) to reproduce with, or your report will be ignored.
-
-It will speed things up if you suggest a working patch, such as a code diff, and explain why and how it works. Reports that are not actionable, do not contain enough information, are too pushy/demanding, or are not able to convince us that it is a viable and practical attack on the web server itself may be deferred to a later time or possibly ignored, depending on available resources. Priority will be given to credible, responsible reports that are constructive, specific, and actionable. (We get a lot of invalid reports.) Thank you for understanding.
-
-When you are ready, please email Matt Holt (the author) directly: matt at dyanim dot com.
-
-Please don't encrypt the email body. It only makes the process more complicated.
-
-Please also understand that due to our nature as an open source project, we do not have a budget to award security bounties. We can only thank you.
-
-If your report is valid and a patch is released, we will not reveal your identity by default. If you wish to be credited, please give us the name to use and/or your GitHub username. If you don't provide this we can't credit you.
-
-Thanks for responsibly helping Caddy&mdash;and thousands of websites&mdash;be more secure!
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
---
-version: 2
-updates:
-  - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
-    directory: "/"
-    schedule:
-      interval: "monthly"
@@ -1,219 +0,0 @@
-# Used as inspiration: https://github.com/mvdan/github-actions-golang
-
-name: Tests
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - master
-      - 2.*
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - master
-      - 2.*
-
-jobs:
-  test:
-    strategy:
-      # Default is true, cancels jobs for other platforms in the matrix if one fails
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        os: 
-          - linux
-          - mac
-          - windows
-        go: 
-          - '1.22'
-          - '1.23'
-
-        include:
-        # Set the minimum Go patch version for the given Go minor
-        # Usable via ${{ matrix.GO_SEMVER }}
-        - go: '1.22'
-          GO_SEMVER: '~1.22.3'
-
-        - go: '1.23'
-          GO_SEMVER: '~1.23.0'
-
-        # Set some variables per OS, usable via ${{ matrix.VAR }}
-        # OS_LABEL: the VM label from GitHub Actions (see https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-github-hosted-runners/about-github-hosted-runners/about-github-hosted-runners#standard-github-hosted-runners-for-public-repositories)
-        # CADDY_BIN_PATH: the path to the compiled Caddy binary, for artifact publishing
-        # SUCCESS: the typical value for $? per OS (Windows/pwsh returns 'True')
-        - os: linux
-          OS_LABEL: ubuntu-latest
-          CADDY_BIN_PATH: ./cmd/caddy/caddy
-          SUCCESS: 0
-
-        - os: mac
-          OS_LABEL: macos-14
-          CADDY_BIN_PATH: ./cmd/caddy/caddy
-          SUCCESS: 0
-
-        - os: windows
-          OS_LABEL: windows-latest
-          CADDY_BIN_PATH: ./cmd/caddy/caddy.exe
-          SUCCESS: 'True'
-
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.OS_LABEL }}
-
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with:
-        go-version: ${{ matrix.GO_SEMVER }}
-        check-latest: true
-
-    # These tools would be useful if we later decide to reinvestigate
-    # publishing test/coverage reports to some tool for easier consumption
-    # - name: Install test and coverage analysis tools
-    #   run: |
-    #     go get github.com/axw/gocov/gocov
-    #     go get github.com/AlekSi/gocov-xml
-    #     go get -u github.com/jstemmer/go-junit-report
-    #     echo "$(go env GOPATH)/bin" >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-    - name: Print Go version and environment
-      id: vars
-      shell: bash
-      run: |
-        printf "Using go at: $(which go)\n"
-        printf "Go version: $(go version)\n"
-        printf "\n\nGo environment:\n\n"
-        go env
-        printf "\n\nSystem environment:\n\n"
-        env
-        printf "Git version: $(git version)\n\n"
-        # Calculate the short SHA1 hash of the git commit
-        echo "short_sha=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-    - name: Get dependencies
-      run: |
-        go get -v -t -d ./...
-        # mkdir test-results
-
-    - name: Build Caddy
-      working-directory: ./cmd/caddy
-      env:
-        CGO_ENABLED: 0
-      run: |
-        go build -tags nobadger -trimpath -ldflags="-w -s" -v
-
-    - name: Smoke test Caddy
-      working-directory: ./cmd/caddy
-      run: |
-        ./caddy start
-        ./caddy stop
-
-    - name: Publish Build Artifact
-      uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
-      with:
-        name: caddy_${{ runner.os }}_go${{ matrix.go }}_${{ steps.vars.outputs.short_sha }}
-        path: ${{ matrix.CADDY_BIN_PATH }}
-        compression-level: 0
-
-    # Commented bits below were useful to allow the job to continue
-    # even if the tests fail, so we can publish the report separately
-    # For info about set-output, see https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57850553/github-actions-check-steps-status
-    - name: Run tests
-      # id: step_test
-      # continue-on-error: true
-      run: |
-        # (go test -v -coverprofile=cover-profile.out -race ./... 2>&1) > test-results/test-result.out
-        go test -tags nobadger -v -coverprofile="cover-profile.out" -short -race ./...
-        # echo "status=$?" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-    # Relevant step if we reinvestigate publishing test/coverage reports
-    # - name: Prepare coverage reports
-    #   run: |
-    #     mkdir coverage
-    #     gocov convert cover-profile.out > coverage/coverage.json
-    #     # Because Windows doesn't work with input redirection like *nix, but output redirection works.
-    #     (cat ./coverage/coverage.json | gocov-xml) > coverage/coverage.xml
-
-    # To return the correct result even though we set 'continue-on-error: true'
-    # - name: Coerce correct build result
-    #   if: matrix.os != 'windows' && steps.step_test.outputs.status != ${{ matrix.SUCCESS }}
-    #   run: |
-    #     echo "step_test ${{ steps.step_test.outputs.status }}\n"
-    #     exit 1
-
-  s390x-test:
-    name: test (s390x on IBM Z)
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    if: github.event.pull_request.head.repo.full_name == github.repository && github.actor != 'dependabot[bot]'
-    continue-on-error: true  # August 2020: s390x VM is down due to weather and power issues
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Run Tests
-        run: |
-          set +e
-          mkdir -p ~/.ssh && echo -e "${SSH_KEY//_/\\n}" > ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa && chmod og-rwx ~/.ssh/id_ecdsa
-
-          # short sha is enough?
-          short_sha=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-
-          # To shorten the following lines
-          ssh_opts="-o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null"
-          ssh_host="$CI_USER@ci-s390x.caddyserver.com"
-
-          # The environment is fresh, so there's no point in keeping accepting and adding the key.
-          rsync -arz -e "ssh $ssh_opts" --progress --delete --exclude '.git' . "$ssh_host":/var/tmp/"$short_sha"
-          ssh $ssh_opts -t "$ssh_host" bash <<EOF
-          cd /var/tmp/$short_sha
-          go version
-          go env
-          printf "\n\n"
-          retries=3
-          exit_code=0
-          while ((retries > 0)); do
-            CGO_ENABLED=0 go test -p 1 -tags nobadger -v ./...
-            exit_code=$?
-            if ((exit_code == 0)); then
-              break
-            fi
-            echo "\n\nTest failed: \$exit_code, retrying..."
-            ((retries--))
-          done
-          echo "Remote exit code: \$exit_code"
-          exit \$exit_code
-          EOF
-          test_result=$?
-
-          # There's no need leaving the files around
-          ssh $ssh_opts "$ssh_host" "rm -rf /var/tmp/'$short_sha'"
-
-          echo "Test exit code: $test_result"
-          exit $test_result
-        env:
-          SSH_KEY: ${{ secrets.S390X_SSH_KEY }}
-          CI_USER: ${{ secrets.CI_USER }}
-
-  goreleaser-check:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      
-      - uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
-        with:
-          version: latest
-          args: check
-      - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: "~1.23"
-          check-latest: true
-      - name: Install xcaddy
-        run: |
-          go install github.com/caddyserver/xcaddy/cmd/xcaddy@latest
-          xcaddy version
-      - uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
-        with:
-          version: latest
-          args: build --single-target --snapshot
-        env:
-          TAG: "master"
@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-name: Cross-Build
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - master
-      - 2.*
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - master
-      - 2.*
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        goos: 
-          - 'aix'
-          - 'linux'
-          - 'solaris'
-          - 'illumos'
-          - 'dragonfly'
-          - 'freebsd'
-          - 'openbsd'
-          - 'windows'
-          - 'darwin'
-          - 'netbsd'
-        go: 
-          - '1.22'
-          - '1.23'
-
-        include:
-        # Set the minimum Go patch version for the given Go minor
-        # Usable via ${{ matrix.GO_SEMVER }}
-        - go: '1.22'
-          GO_SEMVER: '~1.22.3'
-
-        - go: '1.23'
-          GO_SEMVER: '~1.23.0'
-
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    continue-on-error: true
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout code
-        uses: actions/checkout@v4
-
-      - name: Install Go
-        uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: ${{ matrix.GO_SEMVER }}
-          check-latest: true
-
-      - name: Print Go version and environment
-        id: vars
-        run: |
-          printf "Using go at: $(which go)\n"
-          printf "Go version: $(go version)\n"
-          printf "\n\nGo environment:\n\n"
-          go env
-          printf "\n\nSystem environment:\n\n"
-          env
-
-      - name: Run Build
-        env:
-          CGO_ENABLED: 0
-          GOOS: ${{ matrix.goos }}
-          GOARCH: ${{ matrix.goos == 'aix' && 'ppc64' || 'amd64' }}
-        shell: bash
-        continue-on-error: true
-        working-directory: ./cmd/caddy
-        run: |
-          GOOS=$GOOS GOARCH=$GOARCH go build -tags=nobadger,nomysql,nopgx -trimpath -o caddy-"$GOOS"-$GOARCH 2> /dev/null
@@ -1,67 +0,0 @@
-name: Lint
-
-on:
-  push:
-    branches:
-      - master
-      - 2.*
-  pull_request:
-    branches:
-      - master
-      - 2.*
-
-permissions:
-  contents: read
-
-jobs:
-  # From https://github.com/golangci/golangci-lint-action
-  golangci:
-    permissions:
-      contents: read # for actions/checkout to fetch code
-      pull-requests: read # for golangci/golangci-lint-action to fetch pull requests
-    name: lint
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os:
-          - linux
-          - mac
-          - windows
-
-        include:
-        - os: linux
-          OS_LABEL: ubuntu-latest
-
-        - os: mac
-          OS_LABEL: macos-14
-
-        - os: windows
-          OS_LABEL: windows-latest
-
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.OS_LABEL }}
-
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-        with:
-          go-version: '~1.23'
-          check-latest: true
-
-      - name: golangci-lint
-        uses: golangci/golangci-lint-action@v6
-        with:
-          version: latest
-
-          # Windows times out frequently after about 5m50s if we don't set a longer timeout.
-          args: --timeout 10m
-
-          # Optional: show only new issues if it's a pull request. The default value is `false`.
-          # only-new-issues: true
-
-  govulncheck:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: govulncheck
-        uses: golang/govulncheck-action@v1
-        with:
-          go-version-input: '~1.23.0'
-          check-latest: true
@@ -1,178 +0,0 @@
-name: Release
-
-on:
-  push:
-    tags:
-      - 'v*.*.*'
-
-jobs:
-  release:
-    name: Release
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: 
-          - ubuntu-latest
-        go: 
-          - '1.23'
-
-        include:
-        # Set the minimum Go patch version for the given Go minor
-        # Usable via ${{ matrix.GO_SEMVER }}
-        - go: '1.23'
-          GO_SEMVER: '~1.23.0'
-
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-    # https://github.com/sigstore/cosign/issues/1258#issuecomment-1002251233
-    # https://docs.github.com/en/actions/deployment/security-hardening-your-deployments/about-security-hardening-with-openid-connect#adding-permissions-settings
-    permissions:
-      id-token: write
-      # https://docs.github.com/en/rest/overview/permissions-required-for-github-apps#permission-on-contents
-      # "Releases" is part of `contents`, so it needs the `write`
-      contents: write
-
-    steps:
-    - name: Checkout code
-      uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      with:
-        fetch-depth: 0
-
-    - name: Install Go
-      uses: actions/setup-go@v5
-      with:
-        go-version: ${{ matrix.GO_SEMVER }}
-        check-latest: true
-
-    # Force fetch upstream tags -- because 65 minutes
-    # tl;dr: actions/checkout@v4 runs this line:
-    #   git -c protocol.version=2 fetch --no-tags --prune --progress --no-recurse-submodules --depth=1 origin +ebc278ec98bb24f2852b61fde2a9bf2e3d83818b:refs/tags/
-    # which makes its own local lightweight tag, losing all the annotations in the process. Our earlier script ran:
-    #   git fetch --prune --unshallow
-    # which doesn't overwrite that tag because that would be destructive.
-    # Credit to @francislavoie for the investigation.
-    # https://github.com/actions/checkout/issues/290#issuecomment-680260080
-    - name: Force fetch upstream tags
-      run: git fetch --tags --force
-
-    # https://github.community/t5/GitHub-Actions/How-to-get-just-the-tag-name/m-p/32167/highlight/true#M1027
-    - name: Print Go version and environment
-      id: vars
-      run: |
-        printf "Using go at: $(which go)\n"
-        printf "Go version: $(go version)\n"
-        printf "\n\nGo environment:\n\n"
-        go env
-        printf "\n\nSystem environment:\n\n"
-        env
-        echo "version_tag=${GITHUB_REF/refs\/tags\//}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-        echo "short_sha=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-        # Add "pip install" CLI tools to PATH
-        echo ~/.local/bin >> $GITHUB_PATH
-
-        # Parse semver
-        TAG=${GITHUB_REF/refs\/tags\//}
-        SEMVER_RE='[^0-9]*\([0-9]*\)[.]\([0-9]*\)[.]\([0-9]*\)\([0-9A-Za-z\.-]*\)'
-        TAG_MAJOR=`echo ${TAG#v} | sed -e "s#$SEMVER_RE#\1#"`
-        TAG_MINOR=`echo ${TAG#v} | sed -e "s#$SEMVER_RE#\2#"`
-        TAG_PATCH=`echo ${TAG#v} | sed -e "s#$SEMVER_RE#\3#"`
-        TAG_SPECIAL=`echo ${TAG#v} | sed -e "s#$SEMVER_RE#\4#"`
-        echo "tag_major=${TAG_MAJOR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-        echo "tag_minor=${TAG_MINOR}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-        echo "tag_patch=${TAG_PATCH}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-        echo "tag_special=${TAG_SPECIAL}" >> $GITHUB_OUTPUT
-
-    # Cloudsmith CLI tooling for pushing releases
-    # See https://help.cloudsmith.io/docs/cli
-    - name: Install Cloudsmith CLI
-      run: pip install --upgrade cloudsmith-cli
-
-    - name: Validate commits and tag signatures
-      run: |
-        
-        # Import Matt Holt's key
-        curl 'https://github.com/mholt.gpg' | gpg --import
-
-        echo "Verifying the tag: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.version_tag }}"
-        # tags are only accepted if signed by Matt's key
-        git verify-tag "${{ steps.vars.outputs.version_tag }}" || exit 1
-
-    - name: Install Cosign
-      uses: sigstore/cosign-installer@main
-    - name: Cosign version
-      run: cosign version
-    - name: Install Syft
-      uses: anchore/sbom-action/download-syft@main
-    - name: Syft version
-      run: syft version
-    - name: Install xcaddy
-      run: |
-        go install github.com/caddyserver/xcaddy/cmd/xcaddy@latest
-        xcaddy version
-    # GoReleaser will take care of publishing those artifacts into the release
-    - name: Run GoReleaser
-      uses: goreleaser/goreleaser-action@v6
-      with:
-        version: latest
-        args: release --clean --timeout 60m
-      env:
-        GITHUB_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
-        TAG: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.version_tag }}
-        COSIGN_EXPERIMENTAL: 1
-
-    # Only publish on non-special tags (e.g. non-beta)
-    # We will continue to push to Gemfury for the foreseeable future, although
-    # Cloudsmith is probably better, to not break things for existing users of Gemfury.
-    # See https://gemfury.com/caddy/deb:caddy
-    - name: Publish .deb to Gemfury
-      if: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.tag_special == '' }}
-      env:
-        GEMFURY_PUSH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GEMFURY_PUSH_TOKEN }}
-      run: |
-        for filename in dist/*.deb; do
-          # armv6 and armv7 are both "armhf" so we can skip the duplicate
-          if [[ "$filename" == *"armv6"* ]]; then
-            echo "Skipping $filename"
-            continue
-          fi
-
-          curl -F package=@"$filename" https://${GEMFURY_PUSH_TOKEN}:@push.fury.io/caddy/
-        done
-
-    # Publish only special tags (unstable/beta/rc) to the "testing" repo
-    # See https://cloudsmith.io/~caddy/repos/testing/
-    - name: Publish .deb to Cloudsmith (special tags)
-      if: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.tag_special != '' }}
-      env:
-        CLOUDSMITH_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CLOUDSMITH_API_KEY }}
-      run: |
-        for filename in dist/*.deb; do
-          # armv6 and armv7 are both "armhf" so we can skip the duplicate
-          if [[ "$filename" == *"armv6"* ]]; then
-            echo "Skipping $filename"
-            continue
-          fi
-
-          echo "Pushing $filename to 'testing'"
-          cloudsmith push deb caddy/testing/any-distro/any-version $filename
-        done
-
-    # Publish stable tags to Cloudsmith to both repos, "stable" and "testing"
-    # See https://cloudsmith.io/~caddy/repos/stable/
-    - name: Publish .deb to Cloudsmith (stable tags)
-      if: ${{ steps.vars.outputs.tag_special == '' }}
-      env:
-        CLOUDSMITH_API_KEY: ${{ secrets.CLOUDSMITH_API_KEY }}
-      run: |
-        for filename in dist/*.deb; do
-          # armv6 and armv7 are both "armhf" so we can skip the duplicate
-          if [[ "$filename" == *"armv6"* ]]; then
-            echo "Skipping $filename"
-            continue
-          fi
-
-          echo "Pushing $filename to 'stable'"
-          cloudsmith push deb caddy/stable/any-distro/any-version $filename
-
-          echo "Pushing $filename to 'testing'"
-          cloudsmith push deb caddy/testing/any-distro/any-version $filename
-        done
@@ -1,35 +0,0 @@
-name: Release Published
-
-# Event payload: https://developer.github.com/webhooks/event-payloads/#release
-on:
-  release:
-    types: [published]
-
-jobs:
-  release:
-    name: Release Published
-    strategy:
-      matrix:
-        os: 
-          - ubuntu-latest
-    runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
-
-    steps:
-
-    # See https://github.com/peter-evans/repository-dispatch
-    - name: Trigger event on caddyserver/dist
-      uses: peter-evans/repository-dispatch@v3
-      with:
-        token: ${{ secrets.REPO_DISPATCH_TOKEN }}
-        repository: caddyserver/dist
-        event-type: release-tagged
-        client-payload: '{"tag": "${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}"}'
-
-    - name: Trigger event on caddyserver/caddy-docker
-      uses: peter-evans/repository-dispatch@v3
-      with:
-        token: ${{ secrets.REPO_DISPATCH_TOKEN }}
-        repository: caddyserver/caddy-docker
-        event-type: release-tagged
-        client-payload: '{"tag": "${{ github.event.release.tag_name }}"}'
-
@@ -1,31 +1,19 @@
-_gitignore/
-*.log
-Caddyfile
-Caddyfile.*
-!caddyfile/
-!caddyfile.go
-
-# artifacts from pprof tooling
-*.prof
-*.test
-
-# build artifacts and helpers
-cmd/caddy/caddy
-cmd/caddy/caddy.exe
-cmd/caddy/tmp/*.exe
-cmd/caddy/.env
-
-# mac specific
 .DS_Store
+Thumbs.db
+_gitignore/
+Vagrantfile
+.vagrant/
+/.idea

-# go modules
-vendor
+dist/builds/
+dist/release/

-# goreleaser artifacts
-dist
-caddy-build
-caddy-dist
+error.log
+access.log

-# IDE files
-.idea/
-.vscode/
+/*.conf
+Caddyfile
+
+og_static/
+
+.vscode/
@@ -1,182 +0,0 @@
-linters-settings:
-  errcheck:
-    exclude-functions:
-      - fmt.*
-      - (go.uber.org/zap/zapcore.ObjectEncoder).AddObject
-      - (go.uber.org/zap/zapcore.ObjectEncoder).AddArray
-  gci:
-    sections:
-      - standard # Standard section: captures all standard packages.
-      - default # Default section: contains all imports that could not be matched to another section type.
-      - prefix(github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/cmd) # ensure that this is always at the top and always has a line break.
-      - prefix(github.com/caddyserver/caddy) # Custom section: groups all imports with the specified Prefix.
-    # Skip generated files.
-    # Default: true
-    skip-generated: true
-    # Enable custom order of sections.
-    # If `true`, make the section order the same as the order of `sections`.
-    # Default: false
-    custom-order: true
-  exhaustive:
-    ignore-enum-types: reflect.Kind|svc.Cmd
-
-linters:
-  disable-all: true
-  enable:
-    - asasalint
-    - asciicheck
-    - bidichk
-    - bodyclose
-    - decorder
-    - dogsled
-    - dupl
-    - dupword
-    - durationcheck
-    - errcheck
-    - errname
-    - exhaustive
-    - gci
-    - gofmt
-    - goimports
-    - gofumpt
-    - gosec
-    - gosimple
-    - govet
-    - ineffassign
-    - importas
-    - misspell
-    - prealloc
-    - promlinter
-    - sloglint
-    - sqlclosecheck
-    - staticcheck
-    - tenv
-    - testableexamples
-    - testifylint
-    - tparallel
-    - typecheck
-    - unconvert
-    - unused
-    - wastedassign
-    - whitespace
-    - zerologlint
-  # these are implicitly disabled:
-  # - containedctx
-  # - contextcheck
-  # - cyclop
-  # - depguard
-  # - errchkjson
-  # - errorlint
-  # - exhaustruct
-  # - execinquery
-  # - exhaustruct
-  # - forbidigo
-  # - forcetypeassert
-  # - funlen
-  # - ginkgolinter
-  # - gocheckcompilerdirectives
-  # - gochecknoglobals
-  # - gochecknoinits
-  # - gochecksumtype
-  # - gocognit
-  # - goconst
-  # - gocritic
-  # - gocyclo
-  # - godot
-  # - godox
-  # - goerr113
-  # - goheader
-  # - gomnd
-  # - gomoddirectives
-  # - gomodguard
-  # - goprintffuncname
-  # - gosmopolitan
-  # - grouper
-  # - inamedparam
-  # - interfacebloat
-  # - ireturn
-  # - lll
-  # - loggercheck
-  # - maintidx
-  # - makezero
-  # - mirror
-  # - musttag
-  # - nakedret
-  # - nestif
-  # - nilerr
-  # - nilnil
-  # - nlreturn
-  # - noctx
-  # - nolintlint
-  # - nonamedreturns
-  # - nosprintfhostport
-  # - paralleltest
-  # - perfsprint
-  # - predeclared
-  # - protogetter
-  # - reassign
-  # - revive
-  # - rowserrcheck
-  # - stylecheck
-  # - tagalign
-  # - tagliatelle
-  # - testpackage
-  # - thelper
-  # - unparam
-  # - usestdlibvars
-  # - varnamelen
-  # - wrapcheck
-  # - wsl
-
-run:
-  # default concurrency is a available CPU number.
-  # concurrency: 4 # explicitly omit this value to fully utilize available resources.
-  timeout: 5m
-  issues-exit-code: 1
-  tests: false
-
-# output configuration options
-output:
-  formats:
-    - format: 'colored-line-number'
-  print-issued-lines: true
-  print-linter-name: true
-
-issues:
-  exclude-rules:
-    - text: 'G115' # TODO: Either we should fix the issues or nuke the linter if it's bad
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # we aren't calling unknown URL
-    - text: 'G107' # G107: Url provided to HTTP request as taint input
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # as a web server that's expected to handle any template, this is totally in the hands of the user.
-    - text: 'G203' # G203: Use of unescaped data in HTML templates
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # we're shelling out to known commands, not relying on user-defined input.
-    - text: 'G204' # G204: Audit use of command execution
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    # the choice of weakrand is deliberate, hence the named import "weakrand"
-    - path: modules/caddyhttp/reverseproxy/selectionpolicies.go
-      text: 'G404' # G404: Insecure random number source (rand)
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    - path: modules/caddyhttp/reverseproxy/streaming.go
-      text: 'G404' # G404: Insecure random number source (rand)
-      linters:
-        - gosec
-    - path: modules/logging/filters.go
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-    - path: modules/caddyhttp/matchers.go
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-    - path: modules/caddyhttp/vars.go
-      linters:
-        - dupl
-    - path: _test\.go
-      linters:
-        - errcheck
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-version: 2
-
-before:
-  hooks:
-    # The build is done in this particular way to build Caddy in a designated directory named in .gitignore.
-    # This is so we can run goreleaser on tag without Git complaining of being dirty. The main.go in cmd/caddy directory 
-    # cannot be built within that directory due to changes necessary for the build causing Git to be dirty, which
-    # subsequently causes gorleaser to refuse running.
-    - rm -rf caddy-build caddy-dist vendor
-    # vendor Caddy deps
-    - go mod vendor
-    - mkdir -p caddy-build
-    - cp cmd/caddy/main.go caddy-build/main.go
-    - /bin/sh -c 'cd ./caddy-build && go mod init caddy'
-    # prepare syso files for windows embedding
-    - /bin/sh -c 'for a in amd64 arm arm64; do XCADDY_SKIP_BUILD=1 GOOS=windows GOARCH=$a xcaddy build {{.Env.TAG}}; done'
-    - /bin/sh -c 'mv /tmp/buildenv_*/*.syso caddy-build'
-    # GoReleaser doesn't seem to offer {{.Tag}} at this stage, so we have to embed it into the env
-    # so we run: TAG=$(git describe --abbrev=0) goreleaser release --rm-dist --skip-publish --skip-validate
-    - go mod edit -require=github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2@{{.Env.TAG}} ./caddy-build/go.mod
-    # as of Go 1.16, `go` commands no longer automatically change go.{mod,sum}. We now have to explicitly
-    # run `go mod tidy`. The `/bin/sh -c '...'` is because goreleaser can't find cd in PATH without shell invocation.
-    - /bin/sh -c 'cd ./caddy-build && go mod tidy'
-    # vendor the deps of the prepared to-build module
-    - /bin/sh -c 'cd ./caddy-build && go mod vendor'
-    - git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/caddyserver/dist caddy-dist
-    - mkdir -p caddy-dist/man
-    - go mod download
-    - go run cmd/caddy/main.go manpage --directory ./caddy-dist/man
-    - gzip -r ./caddy-dist/man/
-    - /bin/sh -c 'go run cmd/caddy/main.go completion bash > ./caddy-dist/scripts/bash-completion'
-
-builds:
- env:
-  - CGO_ENABLED=0
-  - GO111MODULE=on
-  dir: ./caddy-build
-  binary: caddy
-  goos:
-  - darwin
-  - linux
-  - windows
-  - freebsd
-  goarch:
-  - amd64
-  - arm
-  - arm64
-  - s390x
-  - ppc64le
-  - riscv64
-  goarm:
-  - "5"
-  - "6"
-  - "7"
-  ignore:
-    - goos: darwin
-      goarch: arm
-    - goos: darwin
-      goarch: ppc64le
-    - goos: darwin
-      goarch: s390x
-    - goos: darwin
-      goarch: riscv64
-    - goos: windows
-      goarch: ppc64le
-    - goos: windows
-      goarch: s390x
-    - goos: windows
-      goarch: riscv64
-    - goos: freebsd
-      goarch: ppc64le
-    - goos: freebsd
-      goarch: s390x
-    - goos: freebsd
-      goarch: riscv64
-    - goos: freebsd
-      goarch: arm
-      goarm: "5"
-  flags:
-  - -trimpath
-  - -mod=readonly
-  ldflags:
-  - -s -w
-  tags:
-  - nobadger
-  - nomysql
-  - nopgx
-
-signs:
-  - cmd: cosign
-    signature: "${artifact}.sig"
-    certificate: '{{ trimsuffix (trimsuffix .Env.artifact ".zip") ".tar.gz" }}.pem'
-    args: ["sign-blob", "--yes", "--output-signature=${signature}", "--output-certificate", "${certificate}", "${artifact}"]
-    artifacts: all
-
-sboms:
-  - artifacts: binary
-    documents:
-      - >-
-        {{ .ProjectName }}_
-        {{- .Version }}_
-        {{- if eq .Os "darwin" }}mac{{ else }}{{ .Os }}{{ end }}_
-        {{- .Arch }}
-        {{- with .Arm }}v{{ . }}{{ end }}
-        {{- with .Mips }}_{{ . }}{{ end }}
-        {{- if not (eq .Amd64 "v1") }}{{ .Amd64 }}{{ end }}.sbom
-    cmd: syft
-    args: ["$artifact", "--file", "${document}", "--output", "cyclonedx-json"]
-
-archives:
-  - id: default
-    format_overrides:
-      - goos: windows
-        format: zip
-    name_template: >-
-      {{ .ProjectName }}_
-      {{- .Version }}_
-      {{- if eq .Os "darwin" }}mac{{ else }}{{ .Os }}{{ end }}_
-      {{- .Arch }}
-      {{- with .Arm }}v{{ . }}{{ end }}
-      {{- with .Mips }}_{{ . }}{{ end }}
-      {{- if not (eq .Amd64 "v1") }}{{ .Amd64 }}{{ end }}
-  
-  # package the 'caddy-build' directory into a tarball,
-  # allowing users to build the exact same set of files as ours.
-  - id: source
-    meta: true
-    name_template: "{{ .ProjectName }}_{{ .Version }}_buildable-artifact"
-    files:
-      - src: LICENSE
-        dst: ./LICENSE
-      - src: README.md
-        dst: ./README.md
-      - src: AUTHORS
-        dst: ./AUTHORS
-      - src: ./caddy-build
-        dst: ./
-
-source:
-  enabled: true
-  name_template: '{{ .ProjectName }}_{{ .Version }}_src'
-  format: 'tar.gz'
-
-  # Additional files/template/globs you want to add to the source archive.
-  #
-  # Default: empty.
-  files:
-    - vendor
-
-
-checksum:
-  algorithm: sha512
-
-nfpms:
-  - id: default
-    package_name: caddy
-
-    vendor: Dyanim
-    homepage: https://caddyserver.com
-    maintainer: Matthew Holt <mholt@users.noreply.github.com>
-    description: |
-      Caddy - Powerful, enterprise-ready, open source web server with automatic HTTPS written in Go
-    license: Apache 2.0
-
-    formats:
-      - deb
-      # - rpm
-
-    bindir: /usr/bin
-    contents:
-      - src: ./caddy-dist/init/caddy.service
-        dst: /lib/systemd/system/caddy.service
-        
-      - src: ./caddy-dist/init/caddy-api.service
-        dst: /lib/systemd/system/caddy-api.service
-      
-      - src: ./caddy-dist/welcome/index.html
-        dst: /usr/share/caddy/index.html
-      
-      - src: ./caddy-dist/scripts/bash-completion
-        dst: /etc/bash_completion.d/caddy
-    
-      - src: ./caddy-dist/config/Caddyfile
-        dst: /etc/caddy/Caddyfile
-        type: config
-
-      - src: ./caddy-dist/man/*
-        dst: /usr/share/man/man8/
-
-    scripts:
-      postinstall: ./caddy-dist/scripts/postinstall.sh
-      preremove: ./caddy-dist/scripts/preremove.sh
-      postremove: ./caddy-dist/scripts/postremove.sh
-
-release:
-  github:
-    owner: caddyserver
-    name: caddy
-  draft: true
-  prerelease: auto
-
-changelog:
-  sort: asc
-  filters:
-    exclude:
-    - '^chore:'
-    - '^ci:'
-    - '^docs?:'
-    - '^readme:'
-    - '^tests?:'
-    - '^\w+\s+' # a hack to remove commit messages without colons thus don't correspond to a package
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+language: go
+
+go:
+  - 1.8
+  - tip
+
+matrix:
+  allow_failures:
+    - go: tip
+  fast_finish: true
+
+before_install:
+  # Decrypts a script that installs an authenticated cookie
+  # for git to use when cloning from googlesource.com.
+  # Bypasses "bandwidth limit exceeded" errors.
+  # See github.com/golang/go/issues/12933
+ - if [ "$TRAVIS_PULL_REQUEST" = "false" ]; then openssl aes-256-cbc -K $encrypted_3df18f9af81d_key -iv $encrypted_3df18f9af81d_iv -in dist/gitcookie.sh.enc -out dist/gitcookie.sh -d; fi
+
+install:
+  - if [ "$TRAVIS_PULL_REQUEST" = "false" ]; then bash dist/gitcookie.sh; fi
+  - go get -t ./...
+  - go get github.com/golang/lint/golint
+  - go get github.com/gordonklaus/ineffassign
+  - go get github.com/client9/misspell/cmd/misspell
+
+script:
+  - diff <(echo -n) <(gofmt -s -d .)
+  - ineffassign .
+  - misspell -error .
+  - go vet ./...
+  - go test -race ./...
+
+after_script:
+  - golint ./...
@@ -1,10 +0,0 @@
-# This is the official list of Caddy Authors for copyright purposes.
-# Authors may be either individual people or legal entities.
-#
-# Not all individual contributors are authors. For the full list of
-# contributors, refer to the project's page on GitHub or the repo's
-# commit history.
-
-Matthew Holt <Matthew.Holt@gmail.com>
-Light Code Labs <sales@lightcodelabs.com>
-Ardan Labs <info@ardanlabs.com>
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
                                 Apache License
                           Version 2.0, January 2004
                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@
   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.

      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
-      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "{}"
      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
@@ -187,7 +186,7 @@
      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
      identification within third-party archives.

-   Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
+   Copyright {yyyy} {name of copyright owner}

   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@@ -1,200 +1,156 @@
 <p align="center">
-	<a href="https://caddyserver.com">
-		<picture>
-			<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1128849/210187358-e2c39003-9a5e-4dd5-a783-6deb6483ee72.svg">
-			<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1128849/210187356-dfb7f1c5-ac2e-43aa-bb23-fc014280ae1f.svg">
-			<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1128849/210187356-dfb7f1c5-ac2e-43aa-bb23-fc014280ae1f.svg" alt="Caddy" width="550">
-		</picture>
-	</a>
-	<br>
-	<h3 align="center">a <a href="https://zerossl.com"><img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/55066419/208327323-2770dc16-ec09-43a0-9035-c5b872c2ad7f.svg" height="28" style="vertical-align: -7.7px" valign="middle"></a> project</h3>
+	<a href="https://caddyserver.com"><img src="https://cloud.githubusercontent.com/assets/1128849/25305033/12916fce-2731-11e7-86ec-580d4d31cb16.png" alt="Caddy" width="400"></a>
 </p>
-<hr>
-<h3 align="center">Every site on HTTPS</h3>
-<p align="center">Caddy is an extensible server platform that uses TLS by default.</p>
+<h3 align="center">Every Site on HTTPS <!-- Serve Confidently --></h3>
+<p align="center">Caddy is a general-purpose HTTP/2 web server that serves HTTPS by default.</p>
 <p align="center">
-	<a href="https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/actions/workflows/ci.yml"><img src="https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/actions/workflows/ci.yml/badge.svg"></a>
-	<a href="https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/godoc-reference-%23007d9c.svg"></a>
+	<a href="https://travis-ci.org/mholt/caddy"><img src="https://img.shields.io/travis/mholt/caddy.svg?label=linux+build"></a>
+	<a href="https://ci.appveyor.com/project/mholt/caddy"><img src="https://img.shields.io/appveyor/ci/mholt/caddy.svg?label=windows+build"></a>
+	<a href="https://godoc.org/github.com/mholt/caddy"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/godoc-reference-blue.svg"></a>
+	<a href="https://goreportcard.com/report/mholt/caddy"><img src="https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/mholt/caddy"></a>
 	<br>
 	<a href="https://twitter.com/caddyserver" title="@caddyserver on Twitter"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/twitter-@caddyserver-55acee.svg" alt="@caddyserver on Twitter"></a>
 	<a href="https://caddy.community" title="Caddy Forum"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/community-forum-ff69b4.svg" alt="Caddy Forum"></a>
-	<br>
-	<a href="https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/caddyserver/caddy?badge" title="Caddy on Sourcegraph"><img src="https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/caddyserver/caddy/-/badge.svg" alt="Caddy on Sourcegraph"></a>
-	<a href="https://cloudsmith.io/~caddy/repos/"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/OSS%20hosting%20by-cloudsmith-blue?logo=cloudsmith" alt="Cloudsmith"></a>
+	<a href="https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/mholt/caddy?badge" title="Caddy on Sourcegraph"><img src="https://sourcegraph.com/github.com/mholt/caddy/-/badge.svg" alt="Caddy on Sourcegraph"></a>
 </p>
 <p align="center">
-	<a href="https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/releases">Releases</a> ·
-	<a href="https://caddyserver.com/docs/">Documentation</a> ·
-	<a href="https://caddy.community">Get Help</a>
+	<a href="https://caddyserver.com/download">Download</a> ·
+	<a href="https://caddyserver.com/docs">Documentation</a> ·
+	<a href="https://caddy.community">Community</a>
 </p>

+---

+Caddy is fast, easy to use, and makes you more productive.

-### Menu
+Available for Windows, Mac, Linux, BSD, Solaris, and [Android](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/wiki/Running-Caddy-on-Android).
+
+## Menu

 - [Features](#features)
 - [Install](#install)
- [Build from source](#build-from-source)
-	- [For development](#for-development)
-	- [With version information and/or plugins](#with-version-information-andor-plugins)
- [Quick start](#quick-start)
- [Overview](#overview)
- [Full documentation](#full-documentation)
- [Getting help](#getting-help)
- [About](#about)
+- [Quick Start](#quick-start)
+- [Running in Production](#running-in-production)
+- [Contributing](#contributing)
+- [Donors](#donors)
+- [About the Project](#about-the-project)

-<p align="center">
-	<b>Powered by</b>
-	<br>
-	<a href="https://github.com/caddyserver/certmagic">
-		<picture>
-			<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/55066419/206946718-740b6371-3df3-4d72-a822-47e4c48af999.png">
-			<source media="(prefers-color-scheme: light)" srcset="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1128849/49704830-49d37200-fbd5-11e8-8385-767e0cd033c3.png">
-			<img src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1128849/49704830-49d37200-fbd5-11e8-8385-767e0cd033c3.png" alt="CertMagic" width="250">
-		</picture>
-	</a>
-</p>
+## Features

-
-## [Features](https://caddyserver.com/features)
-
- **Easy configuration** with the [Caddyfile](https://caddyserver.com/docs/caddyfile)
- **Powerful configuration** with its [native JSON config](https://caddyserver.com/docs/json/)
- **Dynamic configuration** with the [JSON API](https://caddyserver.com/docs/api)
- [**Config adapters**](https://caddyserver.com/docs/config-adapters) if you don't like JSON
- **Automatic HTTPS** by default
-	- [ZeroSSL](https://zerossl.com) and [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org) for public names
-	- Fully-managed local CA for internal names & IPs
-	- Can coordinate with other Caddy instances in a cluster
-	- Multi-issuer fallback
- **Stays up when other servers go down** due to TLS/OCSP/certificate-related issues
- **Production-ready** after serving trillions of requests and managing millions of TLS certificates
- **Scales to hundreds of thousands of sites** as proven in production
- **HTTP/1.1, HTTP/2, and HTTP/3** all supported by default
- **Highly extensible** [modular architecture](https://caddyserver.com/docs/architecture) lets Caddy do anything without bloat
+- **Easy configuration** with the Caddyfile
+- **Automatic HTTPS** on by default (via [Let's Encrypt](https://letsencrypt.org))
+- **HTTP/2** by default
+- **Virtual hosting** so multiple sites just work
+- Experimental **QUIC support** for those that like speed
+- TLS session ticket **key rotation** for more secure connections
+- **Extensible with plugins** because a convenient web server is a helpful one
 - **Runs anywhere** with **no external dependencies** (not even libc)
- Written in Go, a language with higher **memory safety guarantees** than other servers
- Actually **fun to use**
- So much more to [discover](https://caddyserver.com/features)
+
+There's way more, too! [See all features built into Caddy.](https://caddyserver.com/features) On top of all those, Caddy does even more with plugins: choose which plugins you want at [download](https://caddyserver.com/download).
+

 ## Install

-The simplest, cross-platform way to get started is to download Caddy from [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/releases) and place the executable file in your PATH.
+Caddy binaries have no dependencies and are available for every platform. Get Caddy any one of these ways:

-See [our online documentation](https://caddyserver.com/docs/install) for other install instructions.
+- **[Download page](https://caddyserver.com/download)** allows you to
+customize your build in the browser
+- **[Latest release](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/releases/latest)** for
+pre-built, vanilla binaries
+- **go get** to build from source: `go get github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy` (requires Go 1.8 or newer)

-## Build from source
+Then make sure the `caddy` binary is in your PATH.

-Requirements:

- [Go 1.22.3 or newer](https://golang.org/dl/)
+## Quick Start

-### For development
-
-_**Note:** These steps [will not embed proper version information](https://github.com/golang/go/issues/29228). For that, please follow the instructions in the next section._
-
-```bash
-$ git clone "https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy.git"
-$ cd caddy/cmd/caddy/
-$ go build
-```
-
-When you run Caddy, it may try to bind to low ports unless otherwise specified in your config. If your OS requires elevated privileges for this, you will need to give your new binary permission to do so. On Linux, this can be done easily with: `sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service=+ep ./caddy`
-
-If you prefer to use `go run` which only creates temporary binaries, you can still do this with the included `setcap.sh` like so:
-
-```bash
-$ go run -exec ./setcap.sh main.go
-```
-
-If you don't want to type your password for `setcap`, use `sudo visudo` to edit your sudoers file and allow your user account to run that command without a password, for example:
+To serve static files from the current working directory, run:

 ```
-username ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/setcap
+caddy
 ```

-replacing `username` with your actual username. Please be careful and only do this if you know what you are doing! We are only qualified to document how to use Caddy, not Go tooling or your computer, and we are providing these instructions for convenience only; please learn how to use your own computer at your own risk and make any needful adjustments.
+Caddy's default port is 2015, so open your browser to [http://localhost:2015](http://localhost:2015).

-### With version information and/or plugins
+### Go from 0 to HTTPS in 5 seconds

-Using [our builder tool, `xcaddy`](https://github.com/caddyserver/xcaddy)...
+If the `caddy` binary has permission to bind to low ports and your domain name's DNS records point to the machine you're on:

 ```
-$ xcaddy build
+caddy -host example.com
 ```

-...the following steps are automated:
+This command serves static files from the current directory over HTTPS. Certificates are automatically obtained and renewed for you!

-1. Create a new folder: `mkdir caddy`
-2. Change into it: `cd caddy`
-3. Copy [Caddy's main.go](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/blob/master/cmd/caddy/main.go) into the empty folder. Add imports for any custom plugins you want to add.
-4. Initialize a Go module: `go mod init caddy`
-5. (Optional) Pin Caddy version: `go get github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2@version` replacing `version` with a git tag, commit, or branch name.
-6. (Optional) Add plugins by adding their import: `_ "import/path/here"`
-7. Compile: `go build -tags=nobadger,nomysql,nopgx`
+### Customizing your site
+
+To customize how your site is served, create a file named Caddyfile by your site and paste this into it:
+
+```plain
+localhost
+
+push
+browse
+websocket /echo cat
+ext    .html
+log    /var/log/access.log
+proxy  /api 127.0.0.1:7005
+header /api Access-Control-Allow-Origin *
+```
+
+When you run `caddy` in that directory, it will automatically find and use that Caddyfile.
+
+This simple file enables server push (via Link headers), allows directory browsing (for folders without an index file), hosts a WebSocket echo server at /echo, serves clean URLs, logs requests to an access log, proxies all API requests to a backend on port 7005, and adds the coveted  `Access-Control-Allow-Origin: *` header for all responses from the API.
+
+Wow! Caddy can do a lot with just a few lines.
+
+### Doing more with Caddy
+
+To host multiple sites and do more with the Caddyfile, please see the [Caddyfile tutorial](https://caddyserver.com/tutorial/caddyfile).
+
+Sites with qualifying hostnames are served over [HTTPS by default](https://caddyserver.com/docs/automatic-https).
+
+Caddy has a command line interface. Run `caddy -h` to view basic help or see the [CLI documentation](https://caddyserver.com/docs/cli) for details.


+## Running in Production
+
+Caddy is production-ready if you find it to be a good fit for your site and workflow.
+
+**Running as root:** We advise against this. You can still listen on ports < 1024 on Linux using setcap like so: `sudo setcap cap_net_bind_service=+ep ./caddy`
+
+The Caddy project does not officially maintain any system-specific integrations nor suggest how to administer your own system. But your download file includes [unofficial resources](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/tree/master/dist/init) contributed by the community that you may find helpful for running Caddy in production.
+
+How you choose to run Caddy is up to you. Many users are satisfied with `nohup caddy &`. Others use `screen`. Users who need Caddy to come back up after reboots either do so in the script that caused the reboot, add a command to an init script, or configure a service with their OS.


-## Quick start
+## Contributing

-The [Caddy website](https://caddyserver.com/docs/) has documentation that includes tutorials, quick-start guides, reference, and more.
+**[Join our forum](https://caddy.community) where you can chat with other Caddy users and developers!**

-**We recommend that all users -- regardless of experience level -- do our [Getting Started](https://caddyserver.com/docs/getting-started) guide to become familiar with using Caddy.**
+Please see our [contributing guidelines](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/blob/master/.github/CONTRIBUTING.md). If you want to write a plugin, check out the [developer wiki](https://github.com/mholt/caddy/wiki).

-If you've only got a minute, [the website has several quick-start tutorials](https://caddyserver.com/docs/quick-starts) to choose from! However, after finishing a quick-start tutorial, please read more documentation to understand how the software works. 🙂
+We use GitHub issues and pull requests only for discussing bug reports and the development of specific changes. We welcome all other topics on the [forum](https://caddy.community)!
+
+If you want to contribute to the documentation, please submit pull requests to [caddyserver/website](https://github.com/caddyserver/website).
+
+Thanks for making Caddy -- and the Web -- better!


+## Donors
+
+- [DigitalOcean](https://m.do.co/c/6d7bdafccf96) is hosting the Caddy project.
+- [DNSimple](https://dnsimple.link/resolving-caddy) provides DNS services for Caddy's sites.
+- [DNS Spy](https://dnsspy.io) keeps an eye on Caddy's DNS properties.
+
+We thank them for their services. **If you want to help keep Caddy free, please [become a sponsor](https://caddyserver.com/pricing)!**


-## Overview
+## About the Project

-Caddy is most often used as an HTTPS server, but it is suitable for any long-running Go program. First and foremost, it is a platform to run Go applications. Caddy "apps" are just Go programs that are implemented as Caddy modules. Two apps -- `tls` and `http` -- ship standard with Caddy.
+Caddy was born out of the need for a "batteries-included" web server that runs anywhere and doesn't have to take its configuration with it. Caddy took inspiration from [spark](https://github.com/rif/spark), [nginx](https://github.com/nginx/nginx), lighttpd,
+[Websocketd](https://github.com/joewalnes/websocketd) and [Vagrant](https://www.vagrantup.com/), which provides a pleasant mixture of features from each of them.

-Caddy apps instantly benefit from [automated documentation](https://caddyserver.com/docs/json/), graceful on-line [config changes via API](https://caddyserver.com/docs/api), and unification with other Caddy apps.
+**The name "Caddy":** The name of the software is "Caddy", not "Caddy Server" or "CaddyServer". Please call it "Caddy" or, if you wish to clarify, "the Caddy web server". See [brand guidelines](https://caddyserver.com/brand).

-Although [JSON](https://caddyserver.com/docs/json/) is Caddy's native config language, Caddy can accept input from [config adapters](https://caddyserver.com/docs/config-adapters) which can essentially convert any config format of your choice into JSON: Caddyfile, JSON 5, YAML, TOML, NGINX config, and more.
-
-The primary way to configure Caddy is through [its API](https://caddyserver.com/docs/api), but if you prefer config files, the [command-line interface](https://caddyserver.com/docs/command-line) supports those too.
-
-Caddy exposes an unprecedented level of control compared to any web server in existence. In Caddy, you are usually setting the actual values of the initialized types in memory that power everything from your HTTP handlers and TLS handshakes to your storage medium. Caddy is also ridiculously extensible, with a powerful plugin system that makes vast improvements over other web servers.
-
-To wield the power of this design, you need to know how the config document is structured. Please see [our documentation site](https://caddyserver.com/docs/) for details about [Caddy's config structure](https://caddyserver.com/docs/json/).
-
-Nearly all of Caddy's configuration is contained in a single config document, rather than being scattered across CLI flags and env variables and a configuration file as with other web servers. This makes managing your server config more straightforward and reduces hidden variables/factors.
-
-
-## Full documentation
-
-Our website has complete documentation:
-
-**https://caddyserver.com/docs/**
-
-The docs are also open source. You can contribute to them here: https://github.com/caddyserver/website
-
-
-
-## Getting help
-
- We advise companies using Caddy to secure a support contract through [Ardan Labs](https://www.ardanlabs.com/my/contact-us?dd=caddy) before help is needed.
-
- A [sponsorship](https://github.com/sponsors/mholt) goes a long way! We can offer private help to sponsors. If Caddy is benefitting your company, please consider a sponsorship. This not only helps fund full-time work to ensure the longevity of the project, it provides your company the resources, support, and discounts you need; along with being a great look for your company to your customers and potential customers!
-
- Individuals can exchange help for free on our community forum at https://caddy.community. Remember that people give help out of their spare time and good will. The best way to get help is to give it first!
-
-Please use our [issue tracker](https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/issues) only for bug reports and feature requests, i.e. actionable development items (support questions will usually be referred to the forums).
-
-
-
-## About
-
-Matthew Holt began developing Caddy in 2014 while studying computer science at Brigham Young University. (The name "Caddy" was chosen because this software helps with the tedious, mundane tasks of serving the Web, and is also a single place for multiple things to be organized together.) It soon became the first web server to use HTTPS automatically and by default, and now has hundreds of contributors and has served trillions of HTTPS requests.
-
-**The name "Caddy" is trademarked.** The name of the software is "Caddy", not "Caddy Server" or "CaddyServer". Please call it "Caddy" or, if you wish to clarify, "the Caddy web server". Caddy is a registered trademark of Stack Holdings GmbH.
-
- _Project on Twitter: [@caddyserver](https://twitter.com/caddyserver)_
- _Author on Twitter: [@mholt6](https://twitter.com/mholt6)_
-
-Caddy is a project of [ZeroSSL](https://zerossl.com), a Stack Holdings company.
-
-Debian package repository hosting is graciously provided by [Cloudsmith](https://cloudsmith.com). Cloudsmith is the only fully hosted, cloud-native, universal package management solution, that enables your organization to create, store and share packages in any format, to any place, with total confidence.
+*Author on Twitter: [@mholt6](https://twitter.com/mholt6)*
@@ -1,205 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddy
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"net/http"
-	"reflect"
-	"sync"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-var testCfg = []byte(`{
-			"apps": {
-				"http": {
-					"servers": {
-						"myserver": {
-							"listen": ["tcp/localhost:8080-8084"],
-							"read_timeout": "30s"
-						},
-						"yourserver": {
-							"listen": ["127.0.0.1:5000"],
-							"read_header_timeout": "15s"
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		`)
-
-func TestUnsyncedConfigAccess(t *testing.T) {
-	// each test is performed in sequence, so
-	// each change builds on the previous ones;
-	// the config is not reset between tests
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		method    string
-		path      string // rawConfigKey will be prepended
-		payload   string
-		expect    string // JSON representation of what the whole config is expected to be after the request
-		shouldErr bool
-	}{
-		{
-			method:  "POST",
-			path:    "",
-			payload: `{"foo": "bar", "list": ["a", "b", "c"]}`, // starting value
-			expect:  `{"foo": "bar", "list": ["a", "b", "c"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method:  "POST",
-			path:    "/foo",
-			payload: `"jet"`,
-			expect:  `{"foo": "jet", "list": ["a", "b", "c"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method:  "POST",
-			path:    "/bar",
-			payload: `{"aa": "bb", "qq": "zz"}`,
-			expect:  `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb", "qq": "zz"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method: "DELETE",
-			path:   "/bar/qq",
-			expect: `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method:    "DELETE",
-			path:      "/bar/qq",
-			expect:    `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c"]}`,
-			shouldErr: true,
-		},
-		{
-			method:  "POST",
-			path:    "/list",
-			payload: `"e"`,
-			expect:  `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c", "e"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method:  "PUT",
-			path:    "/list/3",
-			payload: `"d"`,
-			expect:  `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method: "DELETE",
-			path:   "/list/3",
-			expect: `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c", "e"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method:  "PATCH",
-			path:    "/list/3",
-			payload: `"d"`,
-			expect:  `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c", "d"]}`,
-		},
-		{
-			method:  "POST",
-			path:    "/list/...",
-			payload: `["e", "f", "g"]`,
-			expect:  `{"foo": "jet", "bar": {"aa": "bb"}, "list": ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g"]}`,
-		},
-	} {
-		err := unsyncedConfigAccess(tc.method, rawConfigKey+tc.path, []byte(tc.payload), nil)
-
-		if tc.shouldErr && err == nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Test %d: Expected error return value, but got: %v", i, err)
-		}
-		if !tc.shouldErr && err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Test %d: Should not have had error return value, but got: %v", i, err)
-		}
-
-		// decode the expected config so we can do a convenient DeepEqual
-		var expectedDecoded any
-		err = json.Unmarshal([]byte(tc.expect), &expectedDecoded)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("Test %d: Unmarshaling expected config: %v", i, err)
-		}
-
-		// make sure the resulting config is as we expect it
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(rawCfg[rawConfigKey], expectedDecoded) {
-			t.Fatalf("Test %d:\nExpected:\n\t%#v\nActual:\n\t%#v",
-				i, expectedDecoded, rawCfg[rawConfigKey])
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// TestLoadConcurrent exercises Load under concurrent conditions
-// and is most useful under test with `-race` enabled.
-func TestLoadConcurrent(t *testing.T) {
-	var wg sync.WaitGroup
-
-	for i := 0; i < 100; i++ {
-		wg.Add(1)
-		go func() {
-			_ = Load(testCfg, true)
-			wg.Done()
-		}()
-	}
-	wg.Wait()
-}
-
-type fooModule struct {
-	IntField int
-	StrField string
-}
-
-func (fooModule) CaddyModule() ModuleInfo {
-	return ModuleInfo{
-		ID:  "foo",
-		New: func() Module { return new(fooModule) },
-	}
-}
-func (fooModule) Start() error { return nil }
-func (fooModule) Stop() error  { return nil }
-
-func TestETags(t *testing.T) {
-	RegisterModule(fooModule{})
-
-	if err := Load([]byte(`{"admin": {"listen": "localhost:2999"}, "apps": {"foo": {"strField": "abc", "intField": 0}}}`), true); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("loading: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	const key = "/" + rawConfigKey + "/apps/foo"
-
-	// try update the config with the wrong etag
-	err := changeConfig(http.MethodPost, key, []byte(`{"strField": "abc", "intField": 1}}`), fmt.Sprintf(`"/%s not_an_etag"`, rawConfigKey), false)
-	if apiErr, ok := err.(APIError); !ok || apiErr.HTTPStatus != http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
-		t.Fatalf("expected precondition failed; got %v", err)
-	}
-
-	// get the etag
-	hash := etagHasher()
-	if err := readConfig(key, hash); err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("reading: %s", err)
-	}
-
-	// do the same update with the correct key
-	err = changeConfig(http.MethodPost, key, []byte(`{"strField": "abc", "intField": 1}`), makeEtag(key, hash), false)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("expected update to work; got %v", err)
-	}
-
-	// now try another update. The hash should no longer match and we should get precondition failed
-	err = changeConfig(http.MethodPost, key, []byte(`{"strField": "abc", "intField": 2}`), makeEtag(key, hash), false)
-	if apiErr, ok := err.(APIError); !ok || apiErr.HTTPStatus != http.StatusPreconditionFailed {
-		t.Fatalf("expected precondition failed; got %v", err)
-	}
-}
-
-func BenchmarkLoad(b *testing.B) {
-	for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
-		Load(testCfg, true)
-	}
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+version: "{build}"
+
+os: Windows Server 2012 R2
+
+clone_folder: c:\gopath\src\github.com\mholt\caddy
+
+environment:
+  GOPATH: c:\gopath
+
+install:
+  - rmdir c:\go /s /q
+  - appveyor DownloadFile https://storage.googleapis.com/golang/go1.8.windows-amd64.zip
+  - 7z x go1.8.windows-amd64.zip -y -oC:\ > NUL
+  - go version
+  - go env
+  - go get -t ./...
+  - go get github.com/golang/lint/golint
+  - go get github.com/gordonklaus/ineffassign
+  - set PATH=%GOPATH%\bin;%PATH%
+
+build: off
+
+test_script:
+  - go vet ./...
+  - go test -race ./...
+  - ineffassign .
+
+after_test:
+  - golint ./...
+
+deploy: off
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"runtime"
+)
+
+// AssetsPath returns the path to the folder
+// where the application may store data. If
+// CADDYPATH env variable is set, that value
+// is used. Otherwise, the path is the result
+// of evaluating "$HOME/.caddy".
+func AssetsPath() string {
+	if caddyPath := os.Getenv("CADDYPATH"); caddyPath != "" {
+		return caddyPath
+	}
+	return filepath.Join(userHomeDir(), ".caddy")
+}
+
+// userHomeDir returns the user's home directory according to
+// environment variables.
+//
+// Credit: http://stackoverflow.com/a/7922977/1048862
+func userHomeDir() string {
+	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
+		home := os.Getenv("HOMEDRIVE") + os.Getenv("HOMEPATH")
+		if home == "" {
+			home = os.Getenv("USERPROFILE")
+		}
+		return home
+	}
+	return os.Getenv("HOME")
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+package caddy
+
+import (
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestAssetsPath(t *testing.T) {
+	if actual := AssetsPath(); !strings.HasSuffix(actual, ".caddy") {
+		t.Errorf("Expected path to be a .caddy folder, got: %v", actual)
+	}
+
+	os.Setenv("CADDYPATH", "testpath")
+	if actual, expected := AssetsPath(), "testpath"; actual != expected {
+		t.Errorf("Expected path to be %v, got: %v", expected, actual)
+	}
+	os.Setenv("CADDYPATH", "")
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+#
+# Caddy build script. Automates proper versioning.
+#
+# Usage:
+#
+#     $ ./build.bash [output_filename] [git_repo]
+#
+# Outputs compiled program in current directory.
+# Default git repo is current directory.
+# Builds always take place from current directory.
+
+set -euo pipefail
+
+: ${output_filename:="${1:-}"}
+: ${output_filename:=""}
+
+: ${git_repo:="${2:-}"}
+: ${git_repo:="."}
+
+pkg=github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/caddymain
+ldflags=()
+
+# Timestamp of build
+name="${pkg}.buildDate"
+value=$(date -u +"%a %b %d %H:%M:%S %Z %Y")
+ldflags+=("-X" "\"${name}=${value}\"")
+
+# Current tag, if HEAD is on a tag
+name="${pkg}.gitTag"
+set +e
+value="$(git -C "${git_repo}" describe --exact-match HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
+set -e
+ldflags+=("-X" "\"${name}=${value}\"")
+
+# Nearest tag on branch
+name="${pkg}.gitNearestTag"
+value="$(git -C "${git_repo}" describe --abbrev=0 --tags HEAD)"
+ldflags+=("-X" "\"${name}=${value}\"")
+
+# Commit SHA
+name="${pkg}.gitCommit"
+value="$(git -C "${git_repo}" rev-parse --short HEAD)"
+ldflags+=("-X" "\"${name}=${value}\"")
+
+# Summary of uncommitted changes
+name="${pkg}.gitShortStat"
+value="$(git -C "${git_repo}" diff-index --shortstat HEAD)"
+ldflags+=("-X" "\"${name}=${value}\"")
+
+# List of modified files
+name="${pkg}.gitFilesModified"
+value="$(git -C "${git_repo}" diff-index --name-only HEAD)"
+ldflags+=("-X" "\"${name}=${value}\"")
+
+go build -ldflags "${ldflags[*]}" -o "${output_filename}"
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+package caddymain
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"runtime"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+
+	"gopkg.in/natefinch/lumberjack.v2"
+
+	"github.com/xenolf/lego/acme"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	// plug in the HTTP server type
+	_ "github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddytls"
+	// This is where other plugins get plugged in (imported)
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy.TrapSignals()
+	setVersion()
+
+	flag.BoolVar(&caddytls.Agreed, "agree", false, "Agree to the CA's Subscriber Agreement")
+	flag.StringVar(&caddytls.DefaultCAUrl, "ca", "https://acme-v01.api.letsencrypt.org/directory", "URL to certificate authority's ACME server directory")
+	flag.BoolVar(&caddytls.DisableHTTPChallenge, "disable-http-challenge", caddytls.DisableHTTPChallenge, "Disable the ACME HTTP challenge")
+	flag.BoolVar(&caddytls.DisableTLSSNIChallenge, "disable-tls-sni-challenge", caddytls.DisableTLSSNIChallenge, "Disable the ACME TLS-SNI challenge")
+	flag.StringVar(&conf, "conf", "", "Caddyfile to load (default \""+caddy.DefaultConfigFile+"\")")
+	flag.StringVar(&cpu, "cpu", "100%", "CPU cap")
+	flag.BoolVar(&plugins, "plugins", false, "List installed plugins")
+	flag.StringVar(&caddytls.DefaultEmail, "email", "", "Default ACME CA account email address")
+	flag.DurationVar(&acme.HTTPClient.Timeout, "catimeout", acme.HTTPClient.Timeout, "Default ACME CA HTTP timeout")
+	flag.StringVar(&logfile, "log", "", "Process log file")
+	flag.StringVar(&caddy.PidFile, "pidfile", "", "Path to write pid file")
+	flag.BoolVar(&caddy.Quiet, "quiet", false, "Quiet mode (no initialization output)")
+	flag.StringVar(&revoke, "revoke", "", "Hostname for which to revoke the certificate")
+	flag.StringVar(&serverType, "type", "http", "Type of server to run")
+	flag.BoolVar(&version, "version", false, "Show version")
+	flag.BoolVar(&validate, "validate", false, "Parse the Caddyfile but do not start the server")
+
+	caddy.RegisterCaddyfileLoader("flag", caddy.LoaderFunc(confLoader))
+	caddy.SetDefaultCaddyfileLoader("default", caddy.LoaderFunc(defaultLoader))
+}
+
+// Run is Caddy's main() function.
+func Run() {
+	flag.Parse()
+
+	caddy.AppName = appName
+	caddy.AppVersion = appVersion
+	acme.UserAgent = appName + "/" + appVersion
+
+	// Set up process log before anything bad happens
+	switch logfile {
+	case "stdout":
+		log.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
+	case "stderr":
+		log.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
+	case "":
+		log.SetOutput(ioutil.Discard)
+	default:
+		log.SetOutput(&lumberjack.Logger{
+			Filename:   logfile,
+			MaxSize:    100,
+			MaxAge:     14,
+			MaxBackups: 10,
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Check for one-time actions
+	if revoke != "" {
+		err := caddytls.Revoke(revoke)
+		if err != nil {
+			mustLogFatalf("%v", err)
+		}
+		fmt.Printf("Revoked certificate for %s\n", revoke)
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
+	if version {
+		fmt.Printf("%s %s\n", appName, appVersion)
+		if devBuild && gitShortStat != "" {
+			fmt.Printf("%s\n%s\n", gitShortStat, gitFilesModified)
+		}
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
+	if plugins {
+		fmt.Println(caddy.DescribePlugins())
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
+
+	// Set CPU cap
+	err := setCPU(cpu)
+	if err != nil {
+		mustLogFatalf("%v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Executes Startup events
+	caddy.EmitEvent(caddy.StartupEvent)
+
+	// Get Caddyfile input
+	caddyfileinput, err := caddy.LoadCaddyfile(serverType)
+	if err != nil {
+		mustLogFatalf("%v", err)
+	}
+
+	if validate {
+		err := caddy.ValidateAndExecuteDirectives(caddyfileinput, nil, true)
+		if err != nil {
+			mustLogFatalf("%v", err)
+		}
+		msg := "Caddyfile is valid"
+		fmt.Println(msg)
+		log.Printf("[INFO] %s", msg)
+		os.Exit(0)
+	}
+
+	// Start your engines
+	instance, err := caddy.Start(caddyfileinput)
+	if err != nil {
+		mustLogFatalf("%v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Twiddle your thumbs
+	instance.Wait()
+}
+
+// mustLogFatalf wraps log.Fatalf() in a way that ensures the
+// output is always printed to stderr so the user can see it
+// if the user is still there, even if the process log was not
+// enabled. If this process is an upgrade, however, and the user
+// might not be there anymore, this just logs to the process
+// log and exits.
+func mustLogFatalf(format string, args ...interface{}) {
+	if !caddy.IsUpgrade() {
+		log.SetOutput(os.Stderr)
+	}
+	log.Fatalf(format, args...)
+}
+
+// confLoader loads the Caddyfile using the -conf flag.
+func confLoader(serverType string) (caddy.Input, error) {
+	if conf == "" {
+		return nil, nil
+	}
+
+	if conf == "stdin" {
+		return caddy.CaddyfileFromPipe(os.Stdin, serverType)
+	}
+
+	contents, err := ioutil.ReadFile(conf)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return caddy.CaddyfileInput{
+		Contents:       contents,
+		Filepath:       conf,
+		ServerTypeName: serverType,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// defaultLoader loads the Caddyfile from the current working directory.
+func defaultLoader(serverType string) (caddy.Input, error) {
+	contents, err := ioutil.ReadFile(caddy.DefaultConfigFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsNotExist(err) {
+			return nil, nil
+		}
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return caddy.CaddyfileInput{
+		Contents:       contents,
+		Filepath:       caddy.DefaultConfigFile,
+		ServerTypeName: serverType,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+// setVersion figures out the version information
+// based on variables set by -ldflags.
+func setVersion() {
+	// A development build is one that's not at a tag or has uncommitted changes
+	devBuild = gitTag == "" || gitShortStat != ""
+
+	// Only set the appVersion if -ldflags was used
+	if gitNearestTag != "" || gitTag != "" {
+		if devBuild && gitNearestTag != "" {
+			appVersion = fmt.Sprintf("%s (+%s %s)",
+				strings.TrimPrefix(gitNearestTag, "v"), gitCommit, buildDate)
+		} else if gitTag != "" {
+			appVersion = strings.TrimPrefix(gitTag, "v")
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// setCPU parses string cpu and sets GOMAXPROCS
+// according to its value. It accepts either
+// a number (e.g. 3) or a percent (e.g. 50%).
+func setCPU(cpu string) error {
+	var numCPU int
+
+	availCPU := runtime.NumCPU()
+
+	if strings.HasSuffix(cpu, "%") {
+		// Percent
+		var percent float32
+		pctStr := cpu[:len(cpu)-1]
+		pctInt, err := strconv.Atoi(pctStr)
+		if err != nil || pctInt < 1 || pctInt > 100 {
+			return errors.New("invalid CPU value: percentage must be between 1-100")
+		}
+		percent = float32(pctInt) / 100
+		numCPU = int(float32(availCPU) * percent)
+	} else {
+		// Number
+		num, err := strconv.Atoi(cpu)
+		if err != nil || num < 1 {
+			return errors.New("invalid CPU value: provide a number or percent greater than 0")
+		}
+		numCPU = num
+	}
+
+	if numCPU > availCPU {
+		numCPU = availCPU
+	}
+
+	runtime.GOMAXPROCS(numCPU)
+	return nil
+}
+
+const appName = "Caddy"
+
+// Flags that control program flow or startup
+var (
+	serverType string
+	conf       string
+	cpu        string
+	logfile    string
+	revoke     string
+	version    bool
+	plugins    bool
+	validate   bool
+)
+
+// Build information obtained with the help of -ldflags
+var (
+	appVersion = "(untracked dev build)" // inferred at startup
+	devBuild   = true                    // inferred at startup
+
+	buildDate        string // date -u
+	gitTag           string // git describe --exact-match HEAD 2> /dev/null
+	gitNearestTag    string // git describe --abbrev=0 --tags HEAD
+	gitCommit        string // git rev-parse HEAD
+	gitShortStat     string // git diff-index --shortstat
+	gitFilesModified string // git diff-index --name-only HEAD
+)
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+package caddymain
+
+import (
+	"runtime"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestSetCPU(t *testing.T) {
+	currentCPU := runtime.GOMAXPROCS(-1)
+	maxCPU := runtime.NumCPU()
+	halfCPU := int(0.5 * float32(maxCPU))
+	if halfCPU < 1 {
+		halfCPU = 1
+	}
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input     string
+		output    int
+		shouldErr bool
+	}{
+		{"1", 1, false},
+		{"-1", currentCPU, true},
+		{"0", currentCPU, true},
+		{"100%", maxCPU, false},
+		{"50%", halfCPU, false},
+		{"110%", currentCPU, true},
+		{"-10%", currentCPU, true},
+		{"invalid input", currentCPU, true},
+		{"invalid input%", currentCPU, true},
+		{"9999", maxCPU, false}, // over available CPU
+	} {
+		err := setCPU(test.input)
+		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected error, but there wasn't any", i)
+		}
+		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but there was one: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		if actual, expected := runtime.GOMAXPROCS(-1), test.output; actual != expected {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: GOMAXPROCS was %d but expected %d", i, actual, expected)
+		}
+		// teardown
+		runtime.GOMAXPROCS(currentCPU)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+// By moving the application's package main logic into
+// a package other than main, it becomes much easier to
+// wrap caddy for custom builds that are go-gettable.
+// https://caddy.community/t/my-wish-for-0-9-go-gettable-custom-builds/59?u=matt
+
+package main
+
+import "github.com/mholt/caddy/caddy/caddymain"
+
+var run = caddymain.Run // replaced for tests
+
+func main() {
+	run()
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+package main
+
+import "testing"
+
+// This works because it does not have the same signature as the
+// conventional "TestMain" function described in the testing package
+// godoc.
+func TestMain(t *testing.T) {
+	var ran bool
+	run = func() {
+		ran = true
+	}
+	main()
+	if !ran {
+		t.Error("Expected Run() to be called, but it wasn't")
+	}
+}
@@ -1,74 +1,159 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
 package caddy

 import (
+	"net"
+	"strconv"
 	"testing"
-	"time"
 )

-func TestParseDuration(t *testing.T) {
-	const day = 24 * time.Hour
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input  string
-		expect time.Duration
-	}{
-		{
-			input:  "3h",
-			expect: 3 * time.Hour,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1d",
-			expect: day,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1d30m",
-			expect: day + 30*time.Minute,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1m2d",
-			expect: time.Minute + day*2,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1m2d30s",
-			expect: time.Minute + day*2 + 30*time.Second,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1d2d",
-			expect: 3 * day,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1.5d",
-			expect: time.Duration(1.5 * float64(day)),
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "4m1.25d",
-			expect: 4*time.Minute + time.Duration(1.25*float64(day)),
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "-1.25d12h",
-			expect: time.Duration(-1.25*float64(day)) - 12*time.Hour,
-		},
-	} {
-		actual, err := ParseDuration(tc.input)
+/*
+// TODO
+func TestCaddyStartStop(t *testing.T) {
+	caddyfile := "localhost:1984"
+
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		_, err := Start(CaddyfileInput{Contents: []byte(caddyfile)})
 		if err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d ('%s'): Got error: %v", i, tc.input, err)
-			continue
+			t.Fatalf("Error starting, iteration %d: %v", i, err)
 		}
-		if actual != tc.expect {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d ('%s'): Expected=%s Actual=%s", i, tc.input, tc.expect, actual)
+
+		client := http.Client{
+			Timeout: time.Duration(2 * time.Second),
+		}
+		resp, err := client.Get("http://localhost:1984")
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected GET request to succeed (iteration %d), but it failed: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		resp.Body.Close()
+
+		err = Stop()
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Error stopping, iteration %d: %v", i, err)
+		}
+	}
+}
+*/
+
+func TestIsLoopback(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input  string
+		expect bool
+	}{
+		{"example.com", false},
+		{"localhost", true},
+		{"localhost:1234", true},
+		{"localhost:", true},
+		{"127.0.0.1", true},
+		{"127.0.0.1:443", true},
+		{"127.0.1.5", true},
+		{"10.0.0.5", false},
+		{"12.7.0.1", false},
+		{"[::1]", true},
+		{"[::1]:1234", true},
+		{"::1", true},
+		{"::", false},
+		{"[::]", false},
+		{"local", false},
+	} {
+		if got, want := IsLoopback(test.input), test.expect; got != want {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): expected %v but was %v", i, test.input, want, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestIsInternal(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input  string
+		expect bool
+	}{
+		{"9.255.255.255", false},
+		{"10.0.0.0", true},
+		{"10.0.0.1", true},
+		{"10.255.255.254", true},
+		{"10.255.255.255", true},
+		{"11.0.0.0", false},
+		{"10.0.0.5:1234", true},
+		{"11.0.0.5:1234", false},
+
+		{"172.15.255.255", false},
+		{"172.16.0.0", true},
+		{"172.16.0.1", true},
+		{"172.31.255.254", true},
+		{"172.31.255.255", true},
+		{"172.32.0.0", false},
+		{"172.16.0.1:1234", true},
+
+		{"192.167.255.255", false},
+		{"192.168.0.0", true},
+		{"192.168.0.1", true},
+		{"192.168.255.254", true},
+		{"192.168.255.255", true},
+		{"192.169.0.0", false},
+		{"192.168.0.1:1234", true},
+
+		{"fbff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff", false},
+		{"fc00::", true},
+		{"fc00::1", true},
+		{"[fc00::1]", true},
+		{"[fc00::1]:8888", true},
+		{"fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:fffe", true},
+		{"fdff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff", true},
+		{"fe00::", false},
+		{"fd12:3456:789a:1::1:1234", true},
+
+		{"example.com", false},
+		{"localhost", false},
+		{"localhost:1234", false},
+		{"localhost:", false},
+		{"127.0.0.1", false},
+		{"127.0.0.1:443", false},
+		{"127.0.1.5", false},
+		{"12.7.0.1", false},
+		{"[::1]", false},
+		{"[::1]:1234", false},
+		{"::1", false},
+		{"::", false},
+		{"[::]", false},
+		{"local", false},
+	} {
+		if got, want := IsInternal(test.input), test.expect; got != want {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): expected %v but was %v", i, test.input, want, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestListenerAddrEqual(t *testing.T) {
+	ln1, err := net.Listen("tcp", "[::]:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer ln1.Close()
+	ln1port := strconv.Itoa(ln1.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port)
+
+	ln2, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer ln2.Close()
+	ln2port := strconv.Itoa(ln2.Addr().(*net.TCPAddr).Port)
+
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		ln     net.Listener
+		addr   string
+		expect bool
+	}{
+		{ln1, ":1234", false},
+		{ln1, "0.0.0.0:1234", false},
+		{ln1, "0.0.0.0", false},
+		{ln1, ":" + ln1port, true},
+		{ln1, "0.0.0.0:" + ln1port, true},
+		{ln2, ":" + ln2port, false},
+		{ln2, "127.0.0.1:1234", false},
+		{ln2, "127.0.0.1", false},
+		{ln2, "127.0.0.1:" + ln2port, true},
+	} {
+		if got, want := listenerAddrEqual(test.ln, test.addr), test.expect; got != want {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s == %s): expected %v but was %v", i, test.addr, test.ln.Addr().String(), want, got)
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
-)
-
-// Adapter adapts Caddyfile to Caddy JSON.
-type Adapter struct {
-	ServerType ServerType
-}
-
-// Adapt converts the Caddyfile config in body to Caddy JSON.
-func (a Adapter) Adapt(body []byte, options map[string]any) ([]byte, []caddyconfig.Warning, error) {
-	if a.ServerType == nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("no server type")
-	}
-	if options == nil {
-		options = make(map[string]any)
-	}
-
-	filename, _ := options["filename"].(string)
-	if filename == "" {
-		filename = "Caddyfile"
-	}
-
-	serverBlocks, err := Parse(filename, body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, err
-	}
-
-	cfg, warnings, err := a.ServerType.Setup(serverBlocks, options)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, warnings, err
-	}
-
-	// lint check: see if input was properly formatted; sometimes messy files parse
-	// successfully but result in logical errors (the Caddyfile is a bad format, I'm sorry)
-	if warning, different := FormattingDifference(filename, body); different {
-		warnings = append(warnings, warning)
-	}
-
-	result, err := json.Marshal(cfg)
-
-	return result, warnings, err
-}
-
-// FormattingDifference returns a warning and true if the formatted version
-// is any different from the input; empty warning and false otherwise.
-// TODO: also perform this check on imported files
-func FormattingDifference(filename string, body []byte) (caddyconfig.Warning, bool) {
-	// replace windows-style newlines to normalize comparison
-	normalizedBody := bytes.Replace(body, []byte("\r\n"), []byte("\n"), -1)
-
-	formatted := Format(normalizedBody)
-	if bytes.Equal(formatted, normalizedBody) {
-		return caddyconfig.Warning{}, false
-	}
-
-	// find where the difference is
-	line := 1
-	for i, ch := range normalizedBody {
-		if i >= len(formatted) || ch != formatted[i] {
-			break
-		}
-		if ch == '\n' {
-			line++
-		}
-	}
-	return caddyconfig.Warning{
-		File:    filename,
-		Line:    line,
-		Message: "Caddyfile input is not formatted; run 'caddy fmt --overwrite' to fix inconsistencies",
-	}, true
-}
-
-// Unmarshaler is a type that can unmarshal Caddyfile tokens to
-// set itself up for a JSON encoding. The goal of an unmarshaler
-// is not to set itself up for actual use, but to set itself up for
-// being marshaled into JSON. Caddyfile-unmarshaled values will not
-// be used directly; they will be encoded as JSON and then used from
-// that. Implementations _may_ be able to support multiple segments
-// (instances of their directive or batch of tokens); typically this
-// means wrapping parsing logic in a loop: `for d.Next() { ... }`.
-// More commonly, only a single segment is supported, so a simple
-// `d.Next()` at the start should be used to consume the module
-// identifier token (directive name, etc).
-type Unmarshaler interface {
-	UnmarshalCaddyfile(d *Dispenser) error
-}
-
-// ServerType is a type that can evaluate a Caddyfile and set up a caddy config.
-type ServerType interface {
-	// Setup takes the server blocks which contain tokens,
-	// as well as options (e.g. CLI flags) and creates a
-	// Caddy config, along with any warnings or an error.
-	Setup([]ServerBlock, map[string]any) (*caddy.Config, []caddyconfig.Warning, error)
-}
-
-// UnmarshalModule instantiates a module with the given ID and invokes
-// UnmarshalCaddyfile on the new value using the immediate next segment
-// of d as input. In other words, d's next token should be the first
-// token of the module's Caddyfile input.
-//
-// This function is used when the next segment of Caddyfile tokens
-// belongs to another Caddy module. The returned value is often
-// type-asserted to the module's associated type for practical use
-// when setting up a config.
-func UnmarshalModule(d *Dispenser, moduleID string) (Unmarshaler, error) {
-	mod, err := caddy.GetModule(moduleID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, d.Errf("getting module named '%s': %v", moduleID, err)
-	}
-	inst := mod.New()
-	unm, ok := inst.(Unmarshaler)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, d.Errf("module %s is not a Caddyfile unmarshaler; is %T", mod.ID, inst)
-	}
-	err = unm.UnmarshalCaddyfile(d.NewFromNextSegment())
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return unm, nil
-}
-
-// Interface guard
-var _ caddyconfig.Adapter = (*Adapter)(nil)
@@ -1,521 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"errors"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"log"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-)
-
-// Dispenser is a type that dispenses tokens, similarly to a lexer,
-// except that it can do so with some notion of structure. An empty
-// Dispenser is invalid; call NewDispenser to make a proper instance.
-type Dispenser struct {
-	tokens  []Token
-	cursor  int
-	nesting int
-
-	// A map of arbitrary context data that can be used
-	// to pass through some information to unmarshalers.
-	context map[string]any
-}
-
-// NewDispenser returns a Dispenser filled with the given tokens.
-func NewDispenser(tokens []Token) *Dispenser {
-	return &Dispenser{
-		tokens: tokens,
-		cursor: -1,
-	}
-}
-
-// NewTestDispenser parses input into tokens and creates a new
-// Dispenser for test purposes only; any errors are fatal.
-func NewTestDispenser(input string) *Dispenser {
-	tokens, err := allTokens("Testfile", []byte(input))
-	if err != nil && err != io.EOF {
-		log.Fatalf("getting all tokens from input: %v", err)
-	}
-	return NewDispenser(tokens)
-}
-
-// Next loads the next token. Returns true if a token
-// was loaded; false otherwise. If false, all tokens
-// have been consumed.
-func (d *Dispenser) Next() bool {
-	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		d.cursor++
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// Prev moves to the previous token. It does the inverse
-// of Next(), except this function may decrement the cursor
-// to -1 so that the next call to Next() points to the
-// first token; this allows dispensing to "start over". This
-// method returns true if the cursor ends up pointing to a
-// valid token.
-func (d *Dispenser) Prev() bool {
-	if d.cursor > -1 {
-		d.cursor--
-		return d.cursor > -1
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// NextArg loads the next token if it is on the same
-// line and if it is not a block opening (open curly
-// brace). Returns true if an argument token was
-// loaded; false otherwise. If false, all tokens on
-// the line have been consumed except for potentially
-// a block opening. It handles imported tokens
-// correctly.
-func (d *Dispenser) NextArg() bool {
-	if !d.nextOnSameLine() {
-		return false
-	}
-	if d.Val() == "{" {
-		// roll back; a block opening is not an argument
-		d.cursor--
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-// nextOnSameLine advances the cursor if the next
-// token is on the same line of the same file.
-func (d *Dispenser) nextOnSameLine() bool {
-	if d.cursor < 0 {
-		d.cursor++
-		return true
-	}
-	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		return false
-	}
-	curr := d.tokens[d.cursor]
-	next := d.tokens[d.cursor+1]
-	if !isNextOnNewLine(curr, next) {
-		d.cursor++
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// NextLine loads the next token only if it is not on the same
-// line as the current token, and returns true if a token was
-// loaded; false otherwise. If false, there is not another token
-// or it is on the same line. It handles imported tokens correctly.
-func (d *Dispenser) NextLine() bool {
-	if d.cursor < 0 {
-		d.cursor++
-		return true
-	}
-	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		return false
-	}
-	curr := d.tokens[d.cursor]
-	next := d.tokens[d.cursor+1]
-	if isNextOnNewLine(curr, next) {
-		d.cursor++
-		return true
-	}
-	return false
-}
-
-// NextBlock can be used as the condition of a for loop
-// to load the next token as long as it opens a block or
-// is already in a block nested more than initialNestingLevel.
-// In other words, a loop over NextBlock() will iterate
-// all tokens in the block assuming the next token is an
-// open curly brace, until the matching closing brace.
-// The open and closing brace tokens for the outer-most
-// block will be consumed internally and omitted from
-// the iteration.
-//
-// Proper use of this method looks like this:
-//
-//	for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-//	}
-//
-// However, in simple cases where it is known that the
-// Dispenser is new and has not already traversed state
-// by a loop over NextBlock(), this will do:
-//
-//	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-//	}
-//
-// As with other token parsing logic, a loop over
-// NextBlock() should be contained within a loop over
-// Next(), as it is usually prudent to skip the initial
-// token.
-func (d *Dispenser) NextBlock(initialNestingLevel int) bool {
-	if d.nesting > initialNestingLevel {
-		if !d.Next() {
-			return false // should be EOF error
-		}
-		if d.Val() == "}" && !d.nextOnSameLine() {
-			d.nesting--
-		} else if d.Val() == "{" && !d.nextOnSameLine() {
-			d.nesting++
-		}
-		return d.nesting > initialNestingLevel
-	}
-	if !d.nextOnSameLine() { // block must open on same line
-		return false
-	}
-	if d.Val() != "{" {
-		d.cursor-- // roll back if not opening brace
-		return false
-	}
-	d.Next() // consume open curly brace
-	if d.Val() == "}" {
-		return false // open and then closed right away
-	}
-	d.nesting++
-	return true
-}
-
-// Nesting returns the current nesting level. Necessary
-// if using NextBlock()
-func (d *Dispenser) Nesting() int {
-	return d.nesting
-}
-
-// Val gets the text of the current token. If there is no token
-// loaded, it returns empty string.
-func (d *Dispenser) Val() string {
-	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
-		return ""
-	}
-	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Text
-}
-
-// ValRaw gets the raw text of the current token (including quotes).
-// If the token was a heredoc, then the delimiter is not included,
-// because that is not relevant to any unmarshaling logic at this time.
-// If there is no token loaded, it returns empty string.
-func (d *Dispenser) ValRaw() string {
-	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
-		return ""
-	}
-	quote := d.tokens[d.cursor].wasQuoted
-	if quote > 0 && quote != '<' {
-		// string literal
-		return string(quote) + d.tokens[d.cursor].Text + string(quote)
-	}
-	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Text
-}
-
-// ScalarVal gets value of the current token, converted to the closest
-// scalar type. If there is no token loaded, it returns nil.
-func (d *Dispenser) ScalarVal() any {
-	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
-		return nil
-	}
-	quote := d.tokens[d.cursor].wasQuoted
-	text := d.tokens[d.cursor].Text
-
-	if quote > 0 {
-		return text // string literal
-	}
-	if num, err := strconv.Atoi(text); err == nil {
-		return num
-	}
-	if num, err := strconv.ParseFloat(text, 64); err == nil {
-		return num
-	}
-	if bool, err := strconv.ParseBool(text); err == nil {
-		return bool
-	}
-	return text
-}
-
-// Line gets the line number of the current token.
-// If there is no token loaded, it returns 0.
-func (d *Dispenser) Line() int {
-	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
-		return 0
-	}
-	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Line
-}
-
-// File gets the filename where the current token originated.
-func (d *Dispenser) File() string {
-	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
-		return ""
-	}
-	return d.tokens[d.cursor].File
-}
-
-// Args is a convenience function that loads the next arguments
-// (tokens on the same line) into an arbitrary number of strings
-// pointed to in targets. If there are not enough argument tokens
-// available to fill targets, false is returned and the remaining
-// targets are left unchanged. If all the targets are filled,
-// then true is returned.
-func (d *Dispenser) Args(targets ...*string) bool {
-	for i := 0; i < len(targets); i++ {
-		if !d.NextArg() {
-			return false
-		}
-		*targets[i] = d.Val()
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-// AllArgs is like Args, but if there are more argument tokens
-// available than there are targets, false is returned. The
-// number of available argument tokens must match the number of
-// targets exactly to return true.
-func (d *Dispenser) AllArgs(targets ...*string) bool {
-	if !d.Args(targets...) {
-		return false
-	}
-	if d.NextArg() {
-		d.Prev()
-		return false
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-// CountRemainingArgs counts the amount of remaining arguments
-// (tokens on the same line) without consuming the tokens.
-func (d *Dispenser) CountRemainingArgs() int {
-	count := 0
-	for d.NextArg() {
-		count++
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
-		d.Prev()
-	}
-	return count
-}
-
-// RemainingArgs loads any more arguments (tokens on the same line)
-// into a slice and returns them. Open curly brace tokens also indicate
-// the end of arguments, and the curly brace is not included in
-// the return value nor is it loaded.
-func (d *Dispenser) RemainingArgs() []string {
-	var args []string
-	for d.NextArg() {
-		args = append(args, d.Val())
-	}
-	return args
-}
-
-// RemainingArgsRaw loads any more arguments (tokens on the same line,
-// retaining quotes) into a slice and returns them. Open curly brace
-// tokens also indicate the end of arguments, and the curly brace is
-// not included in the return value nor is it loaded.
-func (d *Dispenser) RemainingArgsRaw() []string {
-	var args []string
-	for d.NextArg() {
-		args = append(args, d.ValRaw())
-	}
-	return args
-}
-
-// NewFromNextSegment returns a new dispenser with a copy of
-// the tokens from the current token until the end of the
-// "directive" whether that be to the end of the line or
-// the end of a block that starts at the end of the line;
-// in other words, until the end of the segment.
-func (d *Dispenser) NewFromNextSegment() *Dispenser {
-	return NewDispenser(d.NextSegment())
-}
-
-// NextSegment returns a copy of the tokens from the current
-// token until the end of the line or block that starts at
-// the end of the line.
-func (d *Dispenser) NextSegment() Segment {
-	tkns := Segment{d.Token()}
-	for d.NextArg() {
-		tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
-	}
-	var openedBlock bool
-	for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-		if !openedBlock {
-			// because NextBlock() consumes the initial open
-			// curly brace, we rewind here to append it, since
-			// our case is special in that we want the new
-			// dispenser to have all the tokens including
-			// surrounding curly braces
-			d.Prev()
-			tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
-			d.Next()
-			openedBlock = true
-		}
-		tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
-	}
-	if openedBlock {
-		// include closing brace
-		tkns = append(tkns, d.Token())
-
-		// do not consume the closing curly brace; the
-		// next iteration of the enclosing loop will
-		// call Next() and consume it
-	}
-	return tkns
-}
-
-// Token returns the current token.
-func (d *Dispenser) Token() Token {
-	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
-		return Token{}
-	}
-	return d.tokens[d.cursor]
-}
-
-// Reset sets d's cursor to the beginning, as
-// if this was a new and unused dispenser.
-func (d *Dispenser) Reset() {
-	d.cursor = -1
-	d.nesting = 0
-}
-
-// ArgErr returns an argument error, meaning that another
-// argument was expected but not found. In other words,
-// a line break or open curly brace was encountered instead of
-// an argument.
-func (d *Dispenser) ArgErr() error {
-	if d.Val() == "{" {
-		return d.Err("unexpected token '{', expecting argument")
-	}
-	return d.Errf("wrong argument count or unexpected line ending after '%s'", d.Val())
-}
-
-// SyntaxErr creates a generic syntax error which explains what was
-// found and what was expected.
-func (d *Dispenser) SyntaxErr(expected string) error {
-	msg := fmt.Sprintf("syntax error: unexpected token '%s', expecting '%s', at %s:%d import chain: ['%s']", d.Val(), expected, d.File(), d.Line(), strings.Join(d.Token().imports, "','"))
-	return errors.New(msg)
-}
-
-// EOFErr returns an error indicating that the dispenser reached
-// the end of the input when searching for the next token.
-func (d *Dispenser) EOFErr() error {
-	return d.Errf("unexpected EOF")
-}
-
-// Err generates a custom parse-time error with a message of msg.
-func (d *Dispenser) Err(msg string) error {
-	return d.WrapErr(errors.New(msg))
-}
-
-// Errf is like Err, but for formatted error messages
-func (d *Dispenser) Errf(format string, args ...any) error {
-	return d.WrapErr(fmt.Errorf(format, args...))
-}
-
-// WrapErr takes an existing error and adds the Caddyfile file and line number.
-func (d *Dispenser) WrapErr(err error) error {
-	if len(d.Token().imports) > 0 {
-		return fmt.Errorf("%w, at %s:%d import chain ['%s']", err, d.File(), d.Line(), strings.Join(d.Token().imports, "','"))
-	}
-	return fmt.Errorf("%w, at %s:%d", err, d.File(), d.Line())
-}
-
-// Delete deletes the current token and returns the updated slice
-// of tokens. The cursor is not advanced to the next token.
-// Because deletion modifies the underlying slice, this method
-// should only be called if you have access to the original slice
-// of tokens and/or are using the slice of tokens outside this
-// Dispenser instance. If you do not re-assign the slice with the
-// return value of this method, inconsistencies in the token
-// array will become apparent (or worse, hide from you like they
-// did me for 3 and a half freaking hours late one night).
-func (d *Dispenser) Delete() []Token {
-	if d.cursor >= 0 && d.cursor <= len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		d.tokens = append(d.tokens[:d.cursor], d.tokens[d.cursor+1:]...)
-		d.cursor--
-	}
-	return d.tokens
-}
-
-// DeleteN is the same as Delete, but can delete many tokens at once.
-// If there aren't N tokens available to delete, none are deleted.
-func (d *Dispenser) DeleteN(amount int) []Token {
-	if amount > 0 && d.cursor >= (amount-1) && d.cursor <= len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		d.tokens = append(d.tokens[:d.cursor-(amount-1)], d.tokens[d.cursor+1:]...)
-		d.cursor -= amount
-	}
-	return d.tokens
-}
-
-// SetContext sets a key-value pair in the context map.
-func (d *Dispenser) SetContext(key string, value any) {
-	if d.context == nil {
-		d.context = make(map[string]any)
-	}
-	d.context[key] = value
-}
-
-// GetContext gets the value of a key in the context map.
-func (d *Dispenser) GetContext(key string) any {
-	if d.context == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-	return d.context[key]
-}
-
-// GetContextString gets the value of a key in the context map
-// as a string, or an empty string if the key does not exist.
-func (d *Dispenser) GetContextString(key string) string {
-	if d.context == nil {
-		return ""
-	}
-	if val, ok := d.context[key].(string); ok {
-		return val
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-// isNewLine determines whether the current token is on a different
-// line (higher line number) than the previous token. It handles imported
-// tokens correctly. If there isn't a previous token, it returns true.
-func (d *Dispenser) isNewLine() bool {
-	if d.cursor < 1 {
-		return true
-	}
-	if d.cursor > len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		return false
-	}
-
-	prev := d.tokens[d.cursor-1]
-	curr := d.tokens[d.cursor]
-	return isNextOnNewLine(prev, curr)
-}
-
-// isNextOnNewLine determines whether the current token is on a different
-// line (higher line number) than the next token. It handles imported
-// tokens correctly. If there isn't a next token, it returns true.
-func (d *Dispenser) isNextOnNewLine() bool {
-	if d.cursor < 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens)-1 {
-		return true
-	}
-
-	curr := d.tokens[d.cursor]
-	next := d.tokens[d.cursor+1]
-	return isNextOnNewLine(curr, next)
-}
-
-const MatcherNameCtxKey = "matcher_name"
@@ -1,298 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"io"
-	"slices"
-	"unicode"
-)
-
-// Format formats the input Caddyfile to a standard, nice-looking
-// appearance. It works by reading each rune of the input and taking
-// control over all the bracing and whitespace that is written; otherwise,
-// words, comments, placeholders, and escaped characters are all treated
-// literally and written as they appear in the input.
-func Format(input []byte) []byte {
-	input = bytes.TrimSpace(input)
-
-	out := new(bytes.Buffer)
-	rdr := bytes.NewReader(input)
-
-	type heredocState int
-
-	const (
-		heredocClosed  heredocState = 0
-		heredocOpening heredocState = 1
-		heredocOpened  heredocState = 2
-	)
-
-	var (
-		last rune // the last character that was written to the result
-
-		space           = true // whether current/previous character was whitespace (beginning of input counts as space)
-		beginningOfLine = true // whether we are at beginning of line
-
-		openBrace        bool // whether current word/token is or started with open curly brace
-		openBraceWritten bool // if openBrace, whether that brace was written or not
-		openBraceSpace   bool // whether there was a non-newline space before open brace
-
-		newLines int // count of newlines consumed
-
-		comment bool // whether we're in a comment
-		quoted  bool // whether we're in a quoted segment
-		escaped bool // whether current char is escaped
-
-		heredoc              heredocState // whether we're in a heredoc
-		heredocEscaped       bool         // whether heredoc is escaped
-		heredocMarker        []rune
-		heredocClosingMarker []rune
-
-		nesting int // indentation level
-	)
-
-	write := func(ch rune) {
-		out.WriteRune(ch)
-		last = ch
-	}
-
-	indent := func() {
-		for tabs := nesting; tabs > 0; tabs-- {
-			write('\t')
-		}
-	}
-
-	nextLine := func() {
-		write('\n')
-		beginningOfLine = true
-	}
-
-	for {
-		ch, _, err := rdr.ReadRune()
-		if err != nil {
-			if err == io.EOF {
-				break
-			}
-			panic(err)
-		}
-
-		// detect whether we have the start of a heredoc
-		if !quoted && !(heredoc != heredocClosed || heredocEscaped) &&
-			space && last == '<' && ch == '<' {
-			write(ch)
-			heredoc = heredocOpening
-			space = false
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if heredoc == heredocOpening {
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				if len(heredocMarker) > 0 && heredocMarkerRegexp.MatchString(string(heredocMarker)) {
-					heredoc = heredocOpened
-				} else {
-					heredocMarker = nil
-					heredoc = heredocClosed
-					nextLine()
-					continue
-				}
-				write(ch)
-				continue
-			}
-			if unicode.IsSpace(ch) {
-				// a space means it's just a regular token and not a heredoc
-				heredocMarker = nil
-				heredoc = heredocClosed
-			} else {
-				heredocMarker = append(heredocMarker, ch)
-				write(ch)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-		// if we're in a heredoc, all characters are read&write as-is
-		if heredoc == heredocOpened {
-			heredocClosingMarker = append(heredocClosingMarker, ch)
-			if len(heredocClosingMarker) > len(heredocMarker)+1 { // We assert that the heredocClosingMarker is followed by a unicode.Space
-				heredocClosingMarker = heredocClosingMarker[1:]
-			}
-			// check if we're done
-			if unicode.IsSpace(ch) && slices.Equal(heredocClosingMarker[:len(heredocClosingMarker)-1], heredocMarker) {
-				heredocMarker = nil
-				heredocClosingMarker = nil
-				heredoc = heredocClosed
-			} else {
-				write(ch)
-				if ch == '\n' {
-					heredocClosingMarker = heredocClosingMarker[:0]
-				}
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		if last == '<' && space {
-			space = false
-		}
-
-		if comment {
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				comment = false
-				space = true
-				nextLine()
-				continue
-			} else {
-				write(ch)
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		if !escaped && ch == '\\' {
-			if space {
-				write(' ')
-				space = false
-			}
-			write(ch)
-			escaped = true
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if escaped {
-			if ch == '<' {
-				heredocEscaped = true
-			}
-			write(ch)
-			escaped = false
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if quoted {
-			if ch == '"' {
-				quoted = false
-			}
-			write(ch)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if space && ch == '"' {
-			quoted = true
-		}
-
-		if unicode.IsSpace(ch) {
-			space = true
-			heredocEscaped = false
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				newLines++
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-		spacePrior := space
-		space = false
-
-		//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-		// I find it helpful to think of the formatting loop in two
-		// main sections; by the time we reach this point, we
-		// know we are in a "regular" part of the file: we know
-		// the character is not a space, not in a literal segment
-		// like a comment or quoted, it's not escaped, etc.
-		//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-		if ch == '#' {
-			comment = true
-		}
-
-		if openBrace && spacePrior && !openBraceWritten {
-			if nesting == 0 && last == '}' {
-				nextLine()
-				nextLine()
-			}
-
-			openBrace = false
-			if beginningOfLine {
-				indent()
-			} else if !openBraceSpace {
-				write(' ')
-			}
-			write('{')
-			openBraceWritten = true
-			nextLine()
-			newLines = 0
-			// prevent infinite nesting from ridiculous inputs (issue #4169)
-			if nesting < 10 {
-				nesting++
-			}
-		}
-
-		switch {
-		case ch == '{':
-			openBrace = true
-			openBraceWritten = false
-			openBraceSpace = spacePrior && !beginningOfLine
-			if openBraceSpace {
-				write(' ')
-			}
-			continue
-
-		case ch == '}' && (spacePrior || !openBrace):
-			if last != '\n' {
-				nextLine()
-			}
-			if nesting > 0 {
-				nesting--
-			}
-			indent()
-			write('}')
-			newLines = 0
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if newLines > 2 {
-			newLines = 2
-		}
-		for i := 0; i < newLines; i++ {
-			nextLine()
-		}
-		newLines = 0
-		if beginningOfLine {
-			indent()
-		}
-		if nesting == 0 && last == '}' && beginningOfLine {
-			nextLine()
-			nextLine()
-		}
-
-		if !beginningOfLine && spacePrior {
-			write(' ')
-		}
-
-		if openBrace && !openBraceWritten {
-			write('{')
-			openBraceWritten = true
-		}
-
-		if spacePrior && ch == '<' {
-			space = true
-		}
-
-		write(ch)
-
-		beginningOfLine = false
-	}
-
-	// the Caddyfile does not need any leading or trailing spaces, but...
-	trimmedResult := bytes.TrimSpace(out.Bytes())
-
-	// ...Caddyfiles should, however, end with a newline because
-	// newlines are significant to the syntax of the file
-	return append(trimmedResult, '\n')
-}
@@ -1,27 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-//go:build gofuzz
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import "bytes"
-
-func FuzzFormat(input []byte) int {
-	formatted := Format(input)
-	if bytes.Equal(formatted, Format(formatted)) {
-		return 1
-	}
-	return 0
-}
@@ -1,451 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestFormatter(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		description string
-		input       string
-		expect      string
-	}{
-		{
-			description: "very simple",
-			input: `abc   def
-	g hi jkl
-mn`,
-			expect: `abc def
-g hi jkl
-mn`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "basic indentation, line breaks, and nesting",
-			input: `  a
-b
-
-	c {
-		d
-}
-
-e { f
-}
-
-
-
-g {
-h {
-i
-}
-}
-
-j { k {
-l
-}
-}
-
-m {
-	n { o
-	}
-	p { q r
-s }
-}
-
-	{
-{ t
-		u
-
-	v
-
-w
-}
-}`,
-			expect: `a
-b
-
-c {
-	d
-}
-
-e {
-	f
-}
-
-g {
-	h {
-		i
-	}
-}
-
-j {
-	k {
-		l
-	}
-}
-
-m {
-	n {
-		o
-	}
-	p {
-		q r
-		s
-	}
-}
-
-{
-	{
-		t
-		u
-
-		v
-
-		w
-	}
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "block spacing",
-			input: `a{
-	b
-}
-
-c{ d
-}`,
-			expect: `a {
-	b
-}
-
-c {
-	d
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "advanced spacing",
-			input: `abc {
-	def
-}ghi{
-	jkl mno
-pqr}`,
-			expect: `abc {
-	def
-}
-
-ghi {
-	jkl mno
-	pqr
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "env var placeholders",
-			input: `{$A}
-
-b {
-{$C}
-}
-
-d { {$E}
-}
-
-{ {$F}
-}
-`,
-			expect: `{$A}
-
-b {
-	{$C}
-}
-
-d {
-	{$E}
-}
-
-{
-	{$F}
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "env var placeholders with port",
-			input:       `:{$PORT}`,
-			expect:      `:{$PORT}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "comments",
-			input: `#a "\n"
-
- #b {
-	c
-}
-
-d {
-e#f
-# g
-}
-
-h { # i
-}`,
-			expect: `#a "\n"
-
-#b {
-c
-}
-
-d {
-	e#f
-	# g
-}
-
-h {
-	# i
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "quotes and escaping",
-			input: `"a \"b\" "#c
-	d
-
-e {
-"f"
-}
-
-g { "h"
-}
-
-i {
-	"foo
-bar"
-}
-
-j {
-"\"k\" l m"
-}`,
-			expect: `"a \"b\" "#c
-d
-
-e {
-	"f"
-}
-
-g {
-	"h"
-}
-
-i {
-	"foo
-bar"
-}
-
-j {
-	"\"k\" l m"
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "bad nesting (too many open)",
-			input: `a
-{
-	{
-}`,
-			expect: `a {
-	{
-	}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "bad nesting (too many close)",
-			input: `a
-{
-	{
-}}}`,
-			expect: `a {
-	{
-	}
-}
-}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "json",
-			input: `foo
-bar      "{\"key\":34}"
-`,
-			expect: `foo
-bar "{\"key\":34}"`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "escaping after spaces",
-			input:       `foo \"literal\"`,
-			expect:      `foo \"literal\"`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "simple placeholders as standalone tokens",
-			input:       `foo {bar}`,
-			expect:      `foo {bar}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "simple placeholders within tokens",
-			input:       `foo{bar} foo{bar}baz`,
-			expect:      `foo{bar} foo{bar}baz`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "placeholders and malformed braces",
-			input:       `foo{bar} foo{ bar}baz`,
-			expect: `foo{bar} foo {
-	bar
-}
-
-baz`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "hash within string is not a comment",
-			input:       `redir / /some/#/path`,
-			expect:      `redir / /some/#/path`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "brace does not fold into comment above",
-			input: `# comment
-{
-	foo
-}`,
-			expect: `# comment
-{
-	foo
-}`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "matthewpi/vscode-caddyfile-support#13",
-			input: `{
-	email {$ACMEEMAIL}
-	#debug
-}
-
-block {
-}
-`,
-			expect: `{
-	email {$ACMEEMAIL}
-	#debug
-}
-
-block {
-}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "matthewpi/vscode-caddyfile-support#13 - bad formatting",
-			input: `{
-	email {$ACMEEMAIL}
-	#debug
-	}
-
-	block {
-	}
-`,
-			expect: `{
-	email {$ACMEEMAIL}
-	#debug
-}
-
-block {
-}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "keep heredoc as-is",
-			input: `block {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC
-	Here's more than one space       Here's more than one space
-	HEREDOC
-}
-`,
-			expect: `block {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC
-	Here's more than one space       Here's more than one space
-	HEREDOC
-}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "Mixing heredoc with regular part",
-			input: `block {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC
-	Here's more than one space       Here's more than one space
-	HEREDOC
-	respond "More than one space will be eaten"     200
-}
-
-block2 {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC
-	Here's more than one space       Here's more than one space
-	HEREDOC
-	respond "More than one space will be eaten" 200
-}
-`,
-			expect: `block {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC
-	Here's more than one space       Here's more than one space
-	HEREDOC
-	respond "More than one space will be eaten" 200
-}
-
-block2 {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC
-	Here's more than one space       Here's more than one space
-	HEREDOC
-	respond "More than one space will be eaten" 200
-}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "Heredoc as regular token",
-			input: `block {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC                                 "More than one space will be eaten"
-}
-`,
-			expect: `block {
-	heredoc <<HEREDOC "More than one space will be eaten"
-}
-`,
-		},
-		{
-			description: "Escape heredoc",
-			input: `block {
-	heredoc \<<HEREDOC
-	respond "More than one space will be eaten"                           200
-}
-`,
-			expect: `block {
-	heredoc \<<HEREDOC
-	respond "More than one space will be eaten" 200
-}
-`,
-		},
-	} {
-		// the formatter should output a trailing newline,
-		// even if the tests aren't written to expect that
-		if !strings.HasSuffix(tc.expect, "\n") {
-			tc.expect += "\n"
-		}
-
-		actual := Format([]byte(tc.input))
-
-		if string(actual) != tc.expect {
-			t.Errorf("\n[TEST %d: %s]\n====== EXPECTED ======\n%s\n====== ACTUAL ======\n%s^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^",
-				i, tc.description, string(tc.expect), string(actual))
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,160 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"regexp"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"go.uber.org/zap"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-)
-
-// parseVariadic determines if the token is a variadic placeholder,
-// and if so, determines the index range (start/end) of args to use.
-// Returns a boolean signaling whether a variadic placeholder was found,
-// and the start and end indices.
-func parseVariadic(token Token, argCount int) (bool, int, int) {
-	if !strings.HasPrefix(token.Text, "{args[") {
-		return false, 0, 0
-	}
-	if !strings.HasSuffix(token.Text, "]}") {
-		return false, 0, 0
-	}
-
-	argRange := strings.TrimSuffix(strings.TrimPrefix(token.Text, "{args["), "]}")
-	if argRange == "" {
-		caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-			"Placeholder "+token.Text+" cannot have an empty index",
-			zap.String("file", token.File+":"+strconv.Itoa(token.Line)), zap.Strings("import_chain", token.imports))
-		return false, 0, 0
-	}
-
-	start, end, found := strings.Cut(argRange, ":")
-
-	// If no ":" delimiter is found, this is not a variadic.
-	// The replacer will pick this up.
-	if !found {
-		return false, 0, 0
-	}
-
-	// A valid token may contain several placeholders, and
-	// they may be separated by ":". It's not variadic.
-	// https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/issues/5716
-	if strings.Contains(start, "}") || strings.Contains(end, "{") {
-		return false, 0, 0
-	}
-
-	var (
-		startIndex = 0
-		endIndex   = argCount
-		err        error
-	)
-	if start != "" {
-		startIndex, err = strconv.Atoi(start)
-		if err != nil {
-			caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-				"Variadic placeholder "+token.Text+" has an invalid start index",
-				zap.String("file", token.File+":"+strconv.Itoa(token.Line)), zap.Strings("import_chain", token.imports))
-			return false, 0, 0
-		}
-	}
-	if end != "" {
-		endIndex, err = strconv.Atoi(end)
-		if err != nil {
-			caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-				"Variadic placeholder "+token.Text+" has an invalid end index",
-				zap.String("file", token.File+":"+strconv.Itoa(token.Line)), zap.Strings("import_chain", token.imports))
-			return false, 0, 0
-		}
-	}
-
-	// bound check
-	if startIndex < 0 || startIndex > endIndex || endIndex > argCount {
-		caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-			"Variadic placeholder "+token.Text+" indices are out of bounds, only "+strconv.Itoa(argCount)+" argument(s) exist",
-			zap.String("file", token.File+":"+strconv.Itoa(token.Line)), zap.Strings("import_chain", token.imports))
-		return false, 0, 0
-	}
-	return true, startIndex, endIndex
-}
-
-// makeArgsReplacer prepares a Replacer which can replace
-// non-variadic args placeholders in imported tokens.
-func makeArgsReplacer(args []string) *caddy.Replacer {
-	repl := caddy.NewEmptyReplacer()
-	repl.Map(func(key string) (any, bool) {
-		// TODO: Remove the deprecated {args.*} placeholder
-		// support at some point in the future
-		if matches := argsRegexpIndexDeprecated.FindStringSubmatch(key); len(matches) > 0 {
-			// What's matched may be a substring of the key
-			if matches[0] != key {
-				return nil, false
-			}
-
-			value, err := strconv.Atoi(matches[1])
-			if err != nil {
-				caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-					"Placeholder {args." + matches[1] + "} has an invalid index")
-				return nil, false
-			}
-			if value >= len(args) {
-				caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-					"Placeholder {args." + matches[1] + "} index is out of bounds, only " + strconv.Itoa(len(args)) + " argument(s) exist")
-				return nil, false
-			}
-			caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-				"Placeholder {args." + matches[1] + "} deprecated, use {args[" + matches[1] + "]} instead")
-			return args[value], true
-		}
-
-		// Handle args[*] form
-		if matches := argsRegexpIndex.FindStringSubmatch(key); len(matches) > 0 {
-			// What's matched may be a substring of the key
-			if matches[0] != key {
-				return nil, false
-			}
-
-			if strings.Contains(matches[1], ":") {
-				caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-					"Variadic placeholder {args[" + matches[1] + "]} must be a token on its own")
-				return nil, false
-			}
-			value, err := strconv.Atoi(matches[1])
-			if err != nil {
-				caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-					"Placeholder {args[" + matches[1] + "]} has an invalid index")
-				return nil, false
-			}
-			if value >= len(args) {
-				caddy.Log().Named("caddyfile").Warn(
-					"Placeholder {args[" + matches[1] + "]} index is out of bounds, only " + strconv.Itoa(len(args)) + " argument(s) exist")
-				return nil, false
-			}
-			return args[value], true
-		}
-
-		// Not an args placeholder, ignore
-		return nil, false
-	})
-	return repl
-}
-
-var (
-	argsRegexpIndexDeprecated = regexp.MustCompile(`args\.(.+)`)
-	argsRegexpIndex           = regexp.MustCompile(`args\[(.+)]`)
-)
@@ -1,126 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"slices"
-)
-
-type adjacency map[string][]string
-
-type importGraph struct {
-	nodes map[string]struct{}
-	edges adjacency
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) addNode(name string) {
-	if i.nodes == nil {
-		i.nodes = make(map[string]struct{})
-	}
-	if _, exists := i.nodes[name]; exists {
-		return
-	}
-	i.nodes[name] = struct{}{}
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) addNodes(names []string) {
-	for _, name := range names {
-		i.addNode(name)
-	}
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) removeNode(name string) {
-	delete(i.nodes, name)
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) removeNodes(names []string) {
-	for _, name := range names {
-		i.removeNode(name)
-	}
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) addEdge(from, to string) error {
-	if !i.exists(from) || !i.exists(to) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("one of the nodes does not exist")
-	}
-
-	if i.willCycle(to, from) {
-		return fmt.Errorf("a cycle of imports exists between %s and %s", from, to)
-	}
-
-	if i.areConnected(from, to) {
-		// if connected, there's nothing to do
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if i.nodes == nil {
-		i.nodes = make(map[string]struct{})
-	}
-	if i.edges == nil {
-		i.edges = make(adjacency)
-	}
-
-	i.edges[from] = append(i.edges[from], to)
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) addEdges(from string, tos []string) error {
-	for _, to := range tos {
-		err := i.addEdge(from, to)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) areConnected(from, to string) bool {
-	al, ok := i.edges[from]
-	if !ok {
-		return false
-	}
-	return slices.Contains(al, to)
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) willCycle(from, to string) bool {
-	collector := make(map[string]bool)
-
-	var visit func(string)
-	visit = func(start string) {
-		if !collector[start] {
-			collector[start] = true
-			for _, v := range i.edges[start] {
-				visit(v)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	for _, v := range i.edges[from] {
-		visit(v)
-	}
-	for k := range collector {
-		if to == k {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-
-	return false
-}
-
-func (i *importGraph) exists(key string) bool {
-	_, exists := i.nodes[key]
-	return exists
-}
@@ -1,399 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"bufio"
-	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
-	"unicode"
-)
-
-type (
-	// lexer is a utility which can get values, token by
-	// token, from a Reader. A token is a word, and tokens
-	// are separated by whitespace. A word can be enclosed
-	// in quotes if it contains whitespace.
-	lexer struct {
-		reader       *bufio.Reader
-		token        Token
-		line         int
-		skippedLines int
-	}
-
-	// Token represents a single parsable unit.
-	Token struct {
-		File          string
-		imports       []string
-		Line          int
-		Text          string
-		wasQuoted     rune // enclosing quote character, if any
-		heredocMarker string
-		snippetName   string
-	}
-)
-
-// Tokenize takes bytes as input and lexes it into
-// a list of tokens that can be parsed as a Caddyfile.
-// Also takes a filename to fill the token's File as
-// the source of the tokens, which is important to
-// determine relative paths for `import` directives.
-func Tokenize(input []byte, filename string) ([]Token, error) {
-	l := lexer{}
-	if err := l.load(bytes.NewReader(input)); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	var tokens []Token
-	for {
-		found, err := l.next()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-		if !found {
-			break
-		}
-		l.token.File = filename
-		tokens = append(tokens, l.token)
-	}
-	return tokens, nil
-}
-
-// load prepares the lexer to scan an input for tokens.
-// It discards any leading byte order mark.
-func (l *lexer) load(input io.Reader) error {
-	l.reader = bufio.NewReader(input)
-	l.line = 1
-
-	// discard byte order mark, if present
-	firstCh, _, err := l.reader.ReadRune()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	if firstCh != 0xFEFF {
-		err := l.reader.UnreadRune()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// next loads the next token into the lexer.
-// A token is delimited by whitespace, unless
-// the token starts with a quotes character (")
-// in which case the token goes until the closing
-// quotes (the enclosing quotes are not included).
-// Inside quoted strings, quotes may be escaped
-// with a preceding \ character. No other chars
-// may be escaped. The rest of the line is skipped
-// if a "#" character is read in. Returns true if
-// a token was loaded; false otherwise.
-func (l *lexer) next() (bool, error) {
-	var val []rune
-	var comment, quoted, btQuoted, inHeredoc, heredocEscaped, escaped bool
-	var heredocMarker string
-
-	makeToken := func(quoted rune) bool {
-		l.token.Text = string(val)
-		l.token.wasQuoted = quoted
-		l.token.heredocMarker = heredocMarker
-		return true
-	}
-
-	for {
-		// Read a character in; if err then if we had
-		// read some characters, make a token. If we
-		// reached EOF, then no more tokens to read.
-		// If no EOF, then we had a problem.
-		ch, _, err := l.reader.ReadRune()
-		if err != nil {
-			if len(val) > 0 {
-				if inHeredoc {
-					return false, fmt.Errorf("incomplete heredoc <<%s on line #%d, expected ending marker %s", heredocMarker, l.line+l.skippedLines, heredocMarker)
-				}
-
-				return makeToken(0), nil
-			}
-			if err == io.EOF {
-				return false, nil
-			}
-			return false, err
-		}
-
-		// detect whether we have the start of a heredoc
-		if !(quoted || btQuoted) && !(inHeredoc || heredocEscaped) &&
-			len(val) > 1 && string(val[:2]) == "<<" {
-			// a space means it's just a regular token and not a heredoc
-			if ch == ' ' {
-				return makeToken(0), nil
-			}
-
-			// skip CR, we only care about LF
-			if ch == '\r' {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// after hitting a newline, we know that the heredoc marker
-			// is the characters after the two << and the newline.
-			// we reset the val because the heredoc is syntax we don't
-			// want to keep.
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				if len(val) == 2 {
-					return false, fmt.Errorf("missing opening heredoc marker on line #%d; must contain only alpha-numeric characters, dashes and underscores; got empty string", l.line)
-				}
-
-				// check if there's too many <
-				if string(val[:3]) == "<<<" {
-					return false, fmt.Errorf("too many '<' for heredoc on line #%d; only use two, for example <<END", l.line)
-				}
-
-				heredocMarker = string(val[2:])
-				if !heredocMarkerRegexp.Match([]byte(heredocMarker)) {
-					return false, fmt.Errorf("heredoc marker on line #%d must contain only alpha-numeric characters, dashes and underscores; got '%s'", l.line, heredocMarker)
-				}
-
-				inHeredoc = true
-				l.skippedLines++
-				val = nil
-				continue
-			}
-			val = append(val, ch)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// if we're in a heredoc, all characters are read as-is
-		if inHeredoc {
-			val = append(val, ch)
-
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				l.skippedLines++
-			}
-
-			// check if we're done, i.e. that the last few characters are the marker
-			if len(val) >= len(heredocMarker) && heredocMarker == string(val[len(val)-len(heredocMarker):]) {
-				// set the final value
-				val, err = l.finalizeHeredoc(val, heredocMarker)
-				if err != nil {
-					return false, err
-				}
-
-				// set the line counter, and make the token
-				l.line += l.skippedLines
-				l.skippedLines = 0
-				return makeToken('<'), nil
-			}
-
-			// stay in the heredoc until we find the ending marker
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// track whether we found an escape '\' for the next
-		// iteration to be contextually aware
-		if !escaped && !btQuoted && ch == '\\' {
-			escaped = true
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if quoted || btQuoted {
-			if quoted && escaped {
-				// all is literal in quoted area,
-				// so only escape quotes
-				if ch != '"' {
-					val = append(val, '\\')
-				}
-				escaped = false
-			} else {
-				if (quoted && ch == '"') || (btQuoted && ch == '`') {
-					return makeToken(ch), nil
-				}
-			}
-			// allow quoted text to wrap continue on multiple lines
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				l.line += 1 + l.skippedLines
-				l.skippedLines = 0
-			}
-			// collect this character as part of the quoted token
-			val = append(val, ch)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if unicode.IsSpace(ch) {
-			// ignore CR altogether, we only actually care about LF (\n)
-			if ch == '\r' {
-				continue
-			}
-			// end of the line
-			if ch == '\n' {
-				// newlines can be escaped to chain arguments
-				// onto multiple lines; else, increment the line count
-				if escaped {
-					l.skippedLines++
-					escaped = false
-				} else {
-					l.line += 1 + l.skippedLines
-					l.skippedLines = 0
-				}
-				// comments (#) are single-line only
-				comment = false
-			}
-			// any kind of space means we're at the end of this token
-			if len(val) > 0 {
-				return makeToken(0), nil
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// comments must be at the start of a token,
-		// in other words, preceded by space or newline
-		if ch == '#' && len(val) == 0 {
-			comment = true
-		}
-		if comment {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if len(val) == 0 {
-			l.token = Token{Line: l.line}
-			if ch == '"' {
-				quoted = true
-				continue
-			}
-			if ch == '`' {
-				btQuoted = true
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-
-		if escaped {
-			// allow escaping the first < to skip the heredoc syntax
-			if ch == '<' {
-				heredocEscaped = true
-			} else {
-				val = append(val, '\\')
-			}
-			escaped = false
-		}
-
-		val = append(val, ch)
-	}
-}
-
-// finalizeHeredoc takes the runes read as the heredoc text and the marker,
-// and processes the text to strip leading whitespace, returning the final
-// value without the leading whitespace.
-func (l *lexer) finalizeHeredoc(val []rune, marker string) ([]rune, error) {
-	stringVal := string(val)
-
-	// find the last newline of the heredoc, which is where the contents end
-	lastNewline := strings.LastIndex(stringVal, "\n")
-
-	// collapse the content, then split into separate lines
-	lines := strings.Split(stringVal[:lastNewline+1], "\n")
-
-	// figure out how much whitespace we need to strip from the front of every line
-	// by getting the string that precedes the marker, on the last line
-	paddingToStrip := stringVal[lastNewline+1 : len(stringVal)-len(marker)]
-
-	// iterate over each line and strip the whitespace from the front
-	var out string
-	for lineNum, lineText := range lines[:len(lines)-1] {
-		if lineText == "" || lineText == "\r" {
-			out += "\n"
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// find an exact match for the padding
-		index := strings.Index(lineText, paddingToStrip)
-
-		// if the padding doesn't match exactly at the start then we can't safely strip
-		if index != 0 {
-			return nil, fmt.Errorf("mismatched leading whitespace in heredoc <<%s on line #%d [%s], expected whitespace [%s] to match the closing marker", marker, l.line+lineNum+1, lineText, paddingToStrip)
-		}
-
-		// strip, then append the line, with the newline, to the output.
-		// also removes all "\r" because Windows.
-		out += strings.ReplaceAll(lineText[len(paddingToStrip):]+"\n", "\r", "")
-	}
-
-	// Remove the trailing newline from the loop
-	if len(out) > 0 && out[len(out)-1] == '\n' {
-		out = out[:len(out)-1]
-	}
-
-	// return the final value
-	return []rune(out), nil
-}
-
-// Quoted returns true if the token was enclosed in quotes
-// (i.e. double quotes, backticks, or heredoc).
-func (t Token) Quoted() bool {
-	return t.wasQuoted > 0
-}
-
-// NumLineBreaks counts how many line breaks are in the token text.
-func (t Token) NumLineBreaks() int {
-	lineBreaks := strings.Count(t.Text, "\n")
-	if t.wasQuoted == '<' {
-		// heredocs have an extra linebreak because the opening
-		// delimiter is on its own line and is not included in the
-		// token Text itself, and the trailing newline is removed.
-		lineBreaks += 2
-	}
-	return lineBreaks
-}
-
-// Clone returns a deep copy of the token.
-func (t Token) Clone() Token {
-	return Token{
-		File:          t.File,
-		imports:       append([]string{}, t.imports...),
-		Line:          t.Line,
-		Text:          t.Text,
-		wasQuoted:     t.wasQuoted,
-		heredocMarker: t.heredocMarker,
-		snippetName:   t.snippetName,
-	}
-}
-
-var heredocMarkerRegexp = regexp.MustCompile("^[A-Za-z0-9_-]+$")
-
-// isNextOnNewLine tests whether t2 is on a different line from t1
-func isNextOnNewLine(t1, t2 Token) bool {
-	// If the second token is from a different file,
-	// we can assume it's from a different line
-	if t1.File != t2.File {
-		return true
-	}
-
-	// If the second token is from a different import chain,
-	// we can assume it's from a different line
-	if len(t1.imports) != len(t2.imports) {
-		return true
-	}
-	for i, im := range t1.imports {
-		if im != t2.imports[i] {
-			return true
-		}
-	}
-
-	// If the first token (incl line breaks) ends
-	// on a line earlier than the next token,
-	// then the second token is on a new line
-	return t1.Line+t1.NumLineBreaks() < t2.Line
-}
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-//go:build gofuzz
-
-package caddyfile
-
-func FuzzTokenize(input []byte) int {
-	tokens, err := Tokenize(input, "Caddyfile")
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0
-	}
-	if len(tokens) == 0 {
-		return -1
-	}
-	return 1
-}
@@ -1,541 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestLexer(t *testing.T) {
-	testCases := []struct {
-		input        []byte
-		expected     []Token
-		expectErr    bool
-		errorMessage string
-	}{
-		{
-			input: []byte(`host:123`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`host:123
-
-					directive`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "directive"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`host:123 {
-						directive
-					}`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "directive"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "}"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`host:123 { directive }`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "directive"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "}"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`host:123 {
-						#comment
-						directive
-						# comment
-						foobar # another comment
-					}`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "directive"},
-				{Line: 5, Text: "foobar"},
-				{Line: 6, Text: "}"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`host:123 {
-						# hash inside string is not a comment
-						redir / /some/#/path
-					}`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "redir"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "/"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "/some/#/path"},
-				{Line: 4, Text: "}"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("# comment at beginning of file\n# comment at beginning of line\nhost:123"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 3, Text: "host:123"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`a "quoted value" b
-					foobar`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "a"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "quoted value"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "b"},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "foobar"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`A "quoted \"value\" inside" B`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `quoted "value" inside`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "B"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("An escaped \"newline\\\ninside\" quotes"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "An"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "escaped"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "newline\\\ninside"},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "quotes"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("An escaped newline\\\noutside quotes"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "An"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "escaped"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "newline"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "outside"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "quotes"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("line1\\\nescaped\nline2\nline3"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "line1"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "escaped"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "line2"},
-				{Line: 4, Text: "line3"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("line1\\\nescaped1\\\nescaped2\nline4\nline5"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "line1"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "escaped1"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "escaped2"},
-				{Line: 4, Text: "line4"},
-				{Line: 5, Text: "line5"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`"unescapable\ in quotes"`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `unescapable\ in quotes`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`"don't\escape"`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `don't\escape`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`"don't\\escape"`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `don't\\escape`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`un\escapable`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `un\escapable`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`A "quoted value with line
-					break inside" {
-						foobar
-					}`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "quoted value with line\n\t\t\t\t\tbreak inside"},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "{"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: "foobar"},
-				{Line: 4, Text: "}"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`"C:\php\php-cgi.exe"`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `C:\php\php-cgi.exe`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`empty "" string`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `empty`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: ``},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `string`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("skip those\r\nCR characters"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "skip"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "those"},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "CR"},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "characters"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("\xEF\xBB\xBF:8080"), // test with leading byte order mark
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: ":8080"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("simple `backtick quoted` string"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `simple`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `backtick quoted`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `string`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("multiline `backtick\nquoted\n` string"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `multiline`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "backtick\nquoted\n"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `string`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("nested `\"quotes inside\" backticks` string"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `nested`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `"quotes inside" backticks`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `string`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("reverse-nested \"`backticks` inside\" quotes"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `reverse-nested`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "`backticks` inside"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `quotes`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-content
-EOF same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "content"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<VERY-LONG-MARKER
-content
-VERY-LONG-MARKER same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "content"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-extra-newline
-
-EOF same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "extra-newline\n"},
-				{Line: 4, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-EOF
-	HERE same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: ``},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `HERE`},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-		EOF same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: ""},
-				{Line: 2, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-	content
-	EOF same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "content"},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`prev-line
-	heredoc <<EOF
-		multi
-		line
-		content
-	EOF same-line-arg
-	next-line
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `prev-line`},
-				{Line: 2, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 2, Text: "\tmulti\n\tline\n\tcontent"},
-				{Line: 6, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-				{Line: 7, Text: `next-line`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`escaped-heredoc \<< >>`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `escaped-heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `<<`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `>>`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`not-a-heredoc <EOF
-	content
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `not-a-heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `<EOF`},
-				{Line: 2, Text: `content`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`not-a-heredoc <<<EOF content`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `not-a-heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `<<<EOF`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `content`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`not-a-heredoc "<<" ">>"`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `not-a-heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `<<`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `>>`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`not-a-heredoc << >>`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `not-a-heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `<<`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `>>`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`not-a-heredoc <<HERE SAME LINE
-	content
-	HERE same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `not-a-heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `<<HERE`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `SAME`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: `LINE`},
-				{Line: 2, Text: `content`},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `HERE`},
-				{Line: 3, Text: `same-line-arg`},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<s
-			�
-			s
-	`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: `heredoc`},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "�"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte("\u000Aheredoc \u003C\u003C\u0073\u0073\u000A\u00BF\u0057\u0001\u0000\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u003D\u001F\u000A\u0073\u0073\u000A\u00BF\u0057\u0001\u0000\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u003D\u001F\u000A\u00BF\u00BF\u0057\u0001\u0000\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u003D\u001F"),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{
-					Line: 2,
-					Text: "heredoc",
-				},
-				{
-					Line: 2,
-					Text: "\u00BF\u0057\u0001\u0000\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u003D\u001F",
-				},
-				{
-					Line: 5,
-					Text: "\u00BF\u0057\u0001\u0000\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u003D\u001F",
-				},
-				{
-					Line: 6,
-					Text: "\u00BF\u00BF\u0057\u0001\u0000\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u00FF\u003D\u001F",
-				},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input:        []byte("not-a-heredoc <<\n"),
-			expectErr:    true,
-			errorMessage: "missing opening heredoc marker on line #1; must contain only alpha-numeric characters, dashes and underscores; got empty string",
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<<EOF
-	content
-	EOF same-line-arg
-	`),
-			expectErr:    true,
-			errorMessage: "too many '<' for heredoc on line #1; only use two, for example <<END",
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-	content
-	`),
-			expectErr:    true,
-			errorMessage: "incomplete heredoc <<EOF on line #3, expected ending marker EOF",
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-	content
-		EOF
-	`),
-			expectErr:    true,
-			errorMessage: "mismatched leading whitespace in heredoc <<EOF on line #2 [\tcontent], expected whitespace [\t\t] to match the closing marker",
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-        content
-		EOF
-	`),
-			expectErr:    true,
-			errorMessage: "mismatched leading whitespace in heredoc <<EOF on line #2 [        content], expected whitespace [\t\t] to match the closing marker",
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-The next line is a blank line
-
-The previous line is a blank line
-EOF`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "heredoc"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "The next line is a blank line\n\nThe previous line is a blank line"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-	One tab indented heredoc with blank next line
-
-	One tab indented heredoc with blank previous line
-	EOF`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "heredoc"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "One tab indented heredoc with blank next line\n\nOne tab indented heredoc with blank previous line"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-The next line is a blank line with one tab
-	
-The previous line is a blank line with one tab
-EOF`),
-			expected: []Token{
-				{Line: 1, Text: "heredoc"},
-				{Line: 1, Text: "The next line is a blank line with one tab\n\t\nThe previous line is a blank line with one tab"},
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: []byte(`heredoc <<EOF
-		The next line is a blank line with one tab less than the correct indentation
-	
-		The previous line is a blank line with one tab less than the correct indentation
-		EOF`),
-			expectErr:    true,
-			errorMessage: "mismatched leading whitespace in heredoc <<EOF on line #3 [\t], expected whitespace [\t\t] to match the closing marker",
-		},
-	}
-
-	for i, testCase := range testCases {
-		actual, err := Tokenize(testCase.input, "")
-		if testCase.expectErr {
-			if err == nil {
-				t.Fatalf("expected error, got actual: %v", actual)
-				continue
-			}
-			if err.Error() != testCase.errorMessage {
-				t.Fatalf("expected error '%v', got: %v", testCase.errorMessage, err)
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Fatalf("%v", err)
-		}
-		lexerCompare(t, i, testCase.expected, actual)
-	}
-}
-
-func lexerCompare(t *testing.T, n int, expected, actual []Token) {
-	if len(expected) != len(actual) {
-		t.Fatalf("Test case %d: expected %d token(s) but got %d", n, len(expected), len(actual))
-	}
-
-	for i := 0; i < len(actual) && i < len(expected); i++ {
-		if actual[i].Line != expected[i].Line {
-			t.Fatalf("Test case %d token %d ('%s'): expected line %d but was line %d",
-				n, i, expected[i].Text, expected[i].Line, actual[i].Line)
-			break
-		}
-		if actual[i].Text != expected[i].Text {
-			t.Fatalf("Test case %d token %d: expected text '%s' but was '%s'",
-				n, i, expected[i].Text, actual[i].Text)
-			break
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,812 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"strings"
-
-	"go.uber.org/zap"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-)
-
-// Parse parses the input just enough to group tokens, in
-// order, by server block. No further parsing is performed.
-// Server blocks are returned in the order in which they appear.
-// Directives that do not appear in validDirectives will cause
-// an error. If you do not want to check for valid directives,
-// pass in nil instead.
-//
-// Environment variables in {$ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE} notation
-// will be replaced before parsing begins.
-func Parse(filename string, input []byte) ([]ServerBlock, error) {
-	// unfortunately, we must copy the input because parsing must
-	// remain a read-only operation, but we have to expand environment
-	// variables before we parse, which changes the underlying array (#4422)
-	inputCopy := make([]byte, len(input))
-	copy(inputCopy, input)
-
-	tokens, err := allTokens(filename, inputCopy)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	p := parser{
-		Dispenser: NewDispenser(tokens),
-		importGraph: importGraph{
-			nodes: make(map[string]struct{}),
-			edges: make(adjacency),
-		},
-	}
-	return p.parseAll()
-}
-
-// allTokens lexes the entire input, but does not parse it.
-// It returns all the tokens from the input, unstructured
-// and in order. It may mutate input as it expands env vars.
-func allTokens(filename string, input []byte) ([]Token, error) {
-	return Tokenize(replaceEnvVars(input), filename)
-}
-
-// replaceEnvVars replaces all occurrences of environment variables.
-// It mutates the underlying array and returns the updated slice.
-func replaceEnvVars(input []byte) []byte {
-	var offset int
-	for {
-		begin := bytes.Index(input[offset:], spanOpen)
-		if begin < 0 {
-			break
-		}
-		begin += offset // make beginning relative to input, not offset
-		end := bytes.Index(input[begin+len(spanOpen):], spanClose)
-		if end < 0 {
-			break
-		}
-		end += begin + len(spanOpen) // make end relative to input, not begin
-
-		// get the name; if there is no name, skip it
-		envString := input[begin+len(spanOpen) : end]
-		if len(envString) == 0 {
-			offset = end + len(spanClose)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// split the string into a key and an optional default
-		envParts := strings.SplitN(string(envString), envVarDefaultDelimiter, 2)
-
-		// do a lookup for the env var, replace with the default if not found
-		envVarValue, found := os.LookupEnv(envParts[0])
-		if !found && len(envParts) == 2 {
-			envVarValue = envParts[1]
-		}
-
-		// get the value of the environment variable
-		// note that this causes one-level deep chaining
-		envVarBytes := []byte(envVarValue)
-
-		// splice in the value
-		input = append(input[:begin],
-			append(envVarBytes, input[end+len(spanClose):]...)...)
-
-		// continue at the end of the replacement
-		offset = begin + len(envVarBytes)
-	}
-	return input
-}
-
-type parser struct {
-	*Dispenser
-	block           ServerBlock // current server block being parsed
-	eof             bool        // if we encounter a valid EOF in a hard place
-	definedSnippets map[string][]Token
-	nesting         int
-	importGraph     importGraph
-}
-
-func (p *parser) parseAll() ([]ServerBlock, error) {
-	var blocks []ServerBlock
-
-	for p.Next() {
-		err := p.parseOne()
-		if err != nil {
-			return blocks, err
-		}
-		if len(p.block.Keys) > 0 || len(p.block.Segments) > 0 {
-			blocks = append(blocks, p.block)
-		}
-		if p.nesting > 0 {
-			return blocks, p.EOFErr()
-		}
-	}
-
-	return blocks, nil
-}
-
-func (p *parser) parseOne() error {
-	p.block = ServerBlock{}
-	return p.begin()
-}
-
-func (p *parser) begin() error {
-	if len(p.tokens) == 0 {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	err := p.addresses()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if p.eof {
-		// this happens if the Caddyfile consists of only
-		// a line of addresses and nothing else
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if ok, name := p.isNamedRoute(); ok {
-		// we just need a dummy leading token to ease parsing later
-		nameToken := p.Token()
-		nameToken.Text = name
-
-		// named routes only have one key, the route name
-		p.block.Keys = []Token{nameToken}
-		p.block.IsNamedRoute = true
-
-		// get all the tokens from the block, including the braces
-		tokens, err := p.blockTokens(true)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		tokens = append([]Token{nameToken}, tokens...)
-		p.block.Segments = []Segment{tokens}
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	if ok, name := p.isSnippet(); ok {
-		if p.definedSnippets == nil {
-			p.definedSnippets = map[string][]Token{}
-		}
-		if _, found := p.definedSnippets[name]; found {
-			return p.Errf("redeclaration of previously declared snippet %s", name)
-		}
-		// consume all tokens til matched close brace
-		tokens, err := p.blockTokens(false)
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-		// Just as we need to track which file the token comes from, we need to
-		// keep track of which snippet the token comes from. This is helpful
-		// in tracking import cycles across files/snippets by namespacing them.
-		// Without this, we end up with false-positives in cycle-detection.
-		for k, v := range tokens {
-			v.snippetName = name
-			tokens[k] = v
-		}
-		p.definedSnippets[name] = tokens
-		// empty block keys so we don't save this block as a real server.
-		p.block.Keys = nil
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return p.blockContents()
-}
-
-func (p *parser) addresses() error {
-	var expectingAnother bool
-
-	for {
-		value := p.Val()
-		token := p.Token()
-
-		// Reject request matchers if trying to define them globally
-		if strings.HasPrefix(value, "@") {
-			return p.Errf("request matchers may not be defined globally, they must be in a site block; found %s", value)
-		}
-
-		// Special case: import directive replaces tokens during parse-time
-		if value == "import" && p.isNewLine() {
-			err := p.doImport(0)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// Open brace definitely indicates end of addresses
-		if value == "{" {
-			if expectingAnother {
-				return p.Errf("Expected another address but had '%s' - check for extra comma", value)
-			}
-			// Mark this server block as being defined with braces.
-			// This is used to provide a better error message when
-			// the user may have tried to define two server blocks
-			// without having used braces, which are required in
-			// that case.
-			p.block.HasBraces = true
-			break
-		}
-
-		// Users commonly forget to place a space between the address and the '{'
-		if strings.HasSuffix(value, "{") {
-			return p.Errf("Site addresses cannot end with a curly brace: '%s' - put a space between the token and the brace", value)
-		}
-
-		if value != "" { // empty token possible if user typed ""
-			// Trailing comma indicates another address will follow, which
-			// may possibly be on the next line
-			if value[len(value)-1] == ',' {
-				value = value[:len(value)-1]
-				expectingAnother = true
-			} else {
-				expectingAnother = false // but we may still see another one on this line
-			}
-
-			// If there's a comma here, it's probably because they didn't use a space
-			// between their two domains, e.g. "foo.com,bar.com", which would not be
-			// parsed as two separate site addresses.
-			if strings.Contains(value, ",") {
-				return p.Errf("Site addresses cannot contain a comma ',': '%s' - put a space after the comma to separate site addresses", value)
-			}
-
-			// After the above, a comma surrounded by spaces would result
-			// in an empty token which we should ignore
-			if value != "" {
-				// Add the token as a site address
-				token.Text = value
-				p.block.Keys = append(p.block.Keys, token)
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Advance token and possibly break out of loop or return error
-		hasNext := p.Next()
-		if expectingAnother && !hasNext {
-			return p.EOFErr()
-		}
-		if !hasNext {
-			p.eof = true
-			break // EOF
-		}
-		if !expectingAnother && p.isNewLine() {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (p *parser) blockContents() error {
-	errOpenCurlyBrace := p.openCurlyBrace()
-	if errOpenCurlyBrace != nil {
-		// single-server configs don't need curly braces
-		p.cursor--
-	}
-
-	err := p.directives()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// only look for close curly brace if there was an opening
-	if errOpenCurlyBrace == nil {
-		err = p.closeCurlyBrace()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// directives parses through all the lines for directives
-// and it expects the next token to be the first
-// directive. It goes until EOF or closing curly brace
-// which ends the server block.
-func (p *parser) directives() error {
-	for p.Next() {
-		// end of server block
-		if p.Val() == "}" {
-			// p.nesting has already been decremented
-			break
-		}
-
-		// special case: import directive replaces tokens during parse-time
-		if p.Val() == "import" {
-			err := p.doImport(1)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			p.cursor-- // cursor is advanced when we continue, so roll back one more
-			continue
-		}
-
-		// normal case: parse a directive as a new segment
-		// (a "segment" is a line which starts with a directive
-		// and which ends at the end of the line or at the end of
-		// the block that is opened at the end of the line)
-		if err := p.directive(); err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// doImport swaps out the import directive and its argument
-// (a total of 2 tokens) with the tokens in the specified file
-// or globbing pattern. When the function returns, the cursor
-// is on the token before where the import directive was. In
-// other words, call Next() to access the first token that was
-// imported.
-func (p *parser) doImport(nesting int) error {
-	// syntax checks
-	if !p.NextArg() {
-		return p.ArgErr()
-	}
-	importPattern := p.Val()
-	if importPattern == "" {
-		return p.Err("Import requires a non-empty filepath")
-	}
-
-	// grab remaining args as placeholder replacements
-	args := p.RemainingArgs()
-
-	// set up a replacer for non-variadic args replacement
-	repl := makeArgsReplacer(args)
-
-	// grab all the tokens (if it exists) from within a block that follows the import
-	var blockTokens []Token
-	for currentNesting := p.Nesting(); p.NextBlock(currentNesting); {
-		blockTokens = append(blockTokens, p.Token())
-	}
-	// initialize with size 1
-	blockMapping := make(map[string][]Token, 1)
-	if len(blockTokens) > 0 {
-		// use such tokens to create a new dispenser, and then use it to parse each block
-		bd := NewDispenser(blockTokens)
-		for bd.Next() {
-			// see if we can grab a key
-			var currentMappingKey string
-			if bd.Val() == "{" {
-				return p.Err("anonymous blocks are not supported")
-			}
-			currentMappingKey = bd.Val()
-			currentMappingTokens := []Token{}
-			// read all args until end of line / {
-			if bd.NextArg() {
-				currentMappingTokens = append(currentMappingTokens, bd.Token())
-				for bd.NextArg() {
-					currentMappingTokens = append(currentMappingTokens, bd.Token())
-				}
-				// TODO(elee1766): we don't enter another mapping here because it's annoying to extract the { and } properly.
-				// maybe someone can do that in the future
-			} else {
-				// attempt to enter a block and add tokens to the currentMappingTokens
-				for mappingNesting := bd.Nesting(); bd.NextBlock(mappingNesting); {
-					currentMappingTokens = append(currentMappingTokens, bd.Token())
-				}
-			}
-			blockMapping[currentMappingKey] = currentMappingTokens
-		}
-	}
-
-	// splice out the import directive and its arguments
-	// (2 tokens, plus the length of args)
-	tokensBefore := p.tokens[:p.cursor-1-len(args)-len(blockTokens)]
-	tokensAfter := p.tokens[p.cursor+1:]
-	var importedTokens []Token
-	var nodes []string
-
-	// first check snippets. That is a simple, non-recursive replacement
-	if p.definedSnippets != nil && p.definedSnippets[importPattern] != nil {
-		importedTokens = p.definedSnippets[importPattern]
-		if len(importedTokens) > 0 {
-			// just grab the first one
-			nodes = append(nodes, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%s", importedTokens[0].File, importedTokens[0].snippetName))
-		}
-	} else {
-		// make path relative to the file of the _token_ being processed rather
-		// than current working directory (issue #867) and then use glob to get
-		// list of matching filenames
-		absFile, err := filepath.Abs(p.Dispenser.File())
-		if err != nil {
-			return p.Errf("Failed to get absolute path of file: %s: %v", p.Dispenser.File(), err)
-		}
-
-		var matches []string
-		var globPattern string
-		if !filepath.IsAbs(importPattern) {
-			globPattern = filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(absFile), importPattern)
-		} else {
-			globPattern = importPattern
-		}
-		if strings.Count(globPattern, "*") > 1 || strings.Count(globPattern, "?") > 1 ||
-			(strings.Contains(globPattern, "[") && strings.Contains(globPattern, "]")) {
-			// See issue #2096 - a pattern with many glob expansions can hang for too long
-			return p.Errf("Glob pattern may only contain one wildcard (*), but has others: %s", globPattern)
-		}
-		matches, err = filepath.Glob(globPattern)
-		if err != nil {
-			return p.Errf("Failed to use import pattern %s: %v", importPattern, err)
-		}
-		if len(matches) == 0 {
-			if strings.ContainsAny(globPattern, "*?[]") {
-				caddy.Log().Warn("No files matching import glob pattern", zap.String("pattern", importPattern))
-			} else {
-				return p.Errf("File to import not found: %s", importPattern)
-			}
-		} else {
-			// See issue #5295 - should skip any files that start with a . when iterating over them.
-			sep := string(filepath.Separator)
-			segGlobPattern := strings.Split(globPattern, sep)
-			if strings.HasPrefix(segGlobPattern[len(segGlobPattern)-1], "*") {
-				var tmpMatches []string
-				for _, m := range matches {
-					seg := strings.Split(m, sep)
-					if !strings.HasPrefix(seg[len(seg)-1], ".") {
-						tmpMatches = append(tmpMatches, m)
-					}
-				}
-				matches = tmpMatches
-			}
-		}
-
-		// collect all the imported tokens
-		for _, importFile := range matches {
-			newTokens, err := p.doSingleImport(importFile)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			importedTokens = append(importedTokens, newTokens...)
-		}
-		nodes = matches
-	}
-
-	nodeName := p.File()
-	if p.Token().snippetName != "" {
-		nodeName += fmt.Sprintf(":%s", p.Token().snippetName)
-	}
-	p.importGraph.addNode(nodeName)
-	p.importGraph.addNodes(nodes)
-	if err := p.importGraph.addEdges(nodeName, nodes); err != nil {
-		p.importGraph.removeNodes(nodes)
-		return err
-	}
-
-	// copy the tokens so we don't overwrite p.definedSnippets
-	tokensCopy := make([]Token, 0, len(importedTokens))
-
-	var (
-		maybeSnippet   bool
-		maybeSnippetId bool
-		index          int
-	)
-
-	// run the argument replacer on the tokens
-	// golang for range slice return a copy of value
-	// similarly, append also copy value
-	for i, token := range importedTokens {
-		// update the token's imports to refer to import directive filename, line number and snippet name if there is one
-		if token.snippetName != "" {
-			token.imports = append(token.imports, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d (import %s)", p.File(), p.Line(), token.snippetName))
-		} else {
-			token.imports = append(token.imports, fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d (import)", p.File(), p.Line()))
-		}
-
-		// naive way of determine snippets, as snippets definition can only follow name + block
-		// format, won't check for nesting correctness or any other error, that's what parser does.
-		if !maybeSnippet && nesting == 0 {
-			// first of the line
-			if i == 0 || isNextOnNewLine(tokensCopy[i-1], token) {
-				index = 0
-			} else {
-				index++
-			}
-
-			if index == 0 && len(token.Text) >= 3 && strings.HasPrefix(token.Text, "(") && strings.HasSuffix(token.Text, ")") {
-				maybeSnippetId = true
-			}
-		}
-
-		switch token.Text {
-		case "{":
-			nesting++
-			if index == 1 && maybeSnippetId && nesting == 1 {
-				maybeSnippet = true
-				maybeSnippetId = false
-			}
-		case "}":
-			nesting--
-			if nesting == 0 && maybeSnippet {
-				maybeSnippet = false
-			}
-		}
-		// if it is {block}, we substitute with all tokens in the block
-		// if it is {blocks.*}, we substitute with the tokens in the mapping for the *
-		var skip bool
-		var tokensToAdd []Token
-		switch {
-		case token.Text == "{block}":
-			tokensToAdd = blockTokens
-		case strings.HasPrefix(token.Text, "{blocks.") && strings.HasSuffix(token.Text, "}"):
-			// {blocks.foo.bar} will be extracted to key `foo.bar`
-			blockKey := strings.TrimPrefix(strings.TrimSuffix(token.Text, "}"), "{blocks.")
-			val, ok := blockMapping[blockKey]
-			if ok {
-				tokensToAdd = val
-			}
-		default:
-			skip = true
-		}
-		if !skip {
-			if len(tokensToAdd) == 0 {
-				// if there is no content in the snippet block, don't do any replacement
-				// this allows snippets which contained {block}/{block.*} before this change to continue functioning as normal
-				tokensCopy = append(tokensCopy, token)
-			} else {
-				tokensCopy = append(tokensCopy, tokensToAdd...)
-			}
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if maybeSnippet {
-			tokensCopy = append(tokensCopy, token)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		foundVariadic, startIndex, endIndex := parseVariadic(token, len(args))
-		if foundVariadic {
-			for _, arg := range args[startIndex:endIndex] {
-				token.Text = arg
-				tokensCopy = append(tokensCopy, token)
-			}
-		} else {
-			token.Text = repl.ReplaceKnown(token.Text, "")
-			tokensCopy = append(tokensCopy, token)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// splice the imported tokens in the place of the import statement
-	// and rewind cursor so Next() will land on first imported token
-	p.tokens = append(tokensBefore, append(tokensCopy, tokensAfter...)...)
-	p.cursor -= len(args) + len(blockTokens) + 1
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// doSingleImport lexes the individual file at importFile and returns
-// its tokens or an error, if any.
-func (p *parser) doSingleImport(importFile string) ([]Token, error) {
-	file, err := os.Open(importFile)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: %v", importFile, err)
-	}
-	defer file.Close()
-
-	if info, err := file.Stat(); err != nil {
-		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: %v", importFile, err)
-	} else if info.IsDir() {
-		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: is a directory", importFile)
-	}
-
-	input, err := io.ReadAll(file)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, p.Errf("Could not read imported file %s: %v", importFile, err)
-	}
-
-	// only warning in case of empty files
-	if len(input) == 0 || len(strings.TrimSpace(string(input))) == 0 {
-		caddy.Log().Warn("Import file is empty", zap.String("file", importFile))
-		return []Token{}, nil
-	}
-
-	importedTokens, err := allTokens(importFile, input)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, p.Errf("Could not read tokens while importing %s: %v", importFile, err)
-	}
-
-	// Tack the file path onto these tokens so errors show the imported file's name
-	// (we use full, absolute path to avoid bugs: issue #1892)
-	filename, err := filepath.Abs(importFile)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, p.Errf("Failed to get absolute path of file: %s: %v", importFile, err)
-	}
-	for i := 0; i < len(importedTokens); i++ {
-		importedTokens[i].File = filename
-	}
-
-	return importedTokens, nil
-}
-
-// directive collects tokens until the directive's scope
-// closes (either end of line or end of curly brace block).
-// It expects the currently-loaded token to be a directive
-// (or } that ends a server block). The collected tokens
-// are loaded into the current server block for later use
-// by directive setup functions.
-func (p *parser) directive() error {
-	// a segment is a list of tokens associated with this directive
-	var segment Segment
-
-	// the directive itself is appended as a relevant token
-	segment = append(segment, p.Token())
-
-	for p.Next() {
-		if p.Val() == "{" {
-			p.nesting++
-			if !p.isNextOnNewLine() && p.Token().wasQuoted == 0 {
-				return p.Err("Unexpected next token after '{' on same line")
-			}
-			if p.isNewLine() {
-				return p.Err("Unexpected '{' on a new line; did you mean to place the '{' on the previous line?")
-			}
-		} else if p.Val() == "{}" {
-			if p.isNextOnNewLine() && p.Token().wasQuoted == 0 {
-				return p.Err("Unexpected '{}' at end of line")
-			}
-		} else if p.isNewLine() && p.nesting == 0 {
-			p.cursor-- // read too far
-			break
-		} else if p.Val() == "}" && p.nesting > 0 {
-			p.nesting--
-		} else if p.Val() == "}" && p.nesting == 0 {
-			return p.Err("Unexpected '}' because no matching opening brace")
-		} else if p.Val() == "import" && p.isNewLine() {
-			if err := p.doImport(1); err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-			p.cursor-- // cursor is advanced when we continue, so roll back one more
-			continue
-		}
-
-		segment = append(segment, p.Token())
-	}
-
-	p.block.Segments = append(p.block.Segments, segment)
-
-	if p.nesting > 0 {
-		return p.EOFErr()
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// openCurlyBrace expects the current token to be an
-// opening curly brace. This acts like an assertion
-// because it returns an error if the token is not
-// a opening curly brace. It does NOT advance the token.
-func (p *parser) openCurlyBrace() error {
-	if p.Val() != "{" {
-		return p.SyntaxErr("{")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// closeCurlyBrace expects the current token to be
-// a closing curly brace. This acts like an assertion
-// because it returns an error if the token is not
-// a closing curly brace. It does NOT advance the token.
-func (p *parser) closeCurlyBrace() error {
-	if p.Val() != "}" {
-		return p.SyntaxErr("}")
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-func (p *parser) isNamedRoute() (bool, string) {
-	keys := p.block.Keys
-	// A named route block is a single key with parens, prefixed with &.
-	if len(keys) == 1 && strings.HasPrefix(keys[0].Text, "&(") && strings.HasSuffix(keys[0].Text, ")") {
-		return true, strings.TrimSuffix(keys[0].Text[2:], ")")
-	}
-	return false, ""
-}
-
-func (p *parser) isSnippet() (bool, string) {
-	keys := p.block.Keys
-	// A snippet block is a single key with parens. Nothing else qualifies.
-	if len(keys) == 1 && strings.HasPrefix(keys[0].Text, "(") && strings.HasSuffix(keys[0].Text, ")") {
-		return true, strings.TrimSuffix(keys[0].Text[1:], ")")
-	}
-	return false, ""
-}
-
-// read and store everything in a block for later replay.
-func (p *parser) blockTokens(retainCurlies bool) ([]Token, error) {
-	// block must have curlies.
-	err := p.openCurlyBrace()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	nesting := 1 // count our own nesting
-	tokens := []Token{}
-	if retainCurlies {
-		tokens = append(tokens, p.Token())
-	}
-	for p.Next() {
-		if p.Val() == "}" {
-			nesting--
-			if nesting == 0 {
-				if retainCurlies {
-					tokens = append(tokens, p.Token())
-				}
-				break
-			}
-		}
-		if p.Val() == "{" {
-			nesting++
-		}
-		tokens = append(tokens, p.tokens[p.cursor])
-	}
-	// make sure we're matched up
-	if nesting != 0 {
-		return nil, p.SyntaxErr("}")
-	}
-	return tokens, nil
-}
-
-// ServerBlock associates any number of keys from the
-// head of the server block with tokens, which are
-// grouped by segments.
-type ServerBlock struct {
-	HasBraces    bool
-	Keys         []Token
-	Segments     []Segment
-	IsNamedRoute bool
-}
-
-func (sb ServerBlock) GetKeysText() []string {
-	res := []string{}
-	for _, k := range sb.Keys {
-		res = append(res, k.Text)
-	}
-	return res
-}
-
-// DispenseDirective returns a dispenser that contains
-// all the tokens in the server block.
-func (sb ServerBlock) DispenseDirective(dir string) *Dispenser {
-	var tokens []Token
-	for _, seg := range sb.Segments {
-		if len(seg) > 0 && seg[0].Text == dir {
-			tokens = append(tokens, seg...)
-		}
-	}
-	return NewDispenser(tokens)
-}
-
-// Segment is a list of tokens which begins with a directive
-// and ends at the end of the directive (either at the end of
-// the line, or at the end of a block it opens).
-type Segment []Token
-
-// Directive returns the directive name for the segment.
-// The directive name is the text of the first token.
-func (s Segment) Directive() string {
-	if len(s) > 0 {
-		return s[0].Text
-	}
-	return ""
-}
-
-// spanOpen and spanClose are used to bound spans that
-// contain the name of an environment variable.
-var (
-	spanOpen, spanClose    = []byte{'{', '$'}, []byte{'}'}
-	envVarDefaultDelimiter = ":"
-)
@@ -1,889 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyfile
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"os"
-	"path/filepath"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestParseVariadic(t *testing.T) {
-	args := make([]string, 10)
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input  string
-		result bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input:  "",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[1",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "1]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[:]}aaaaa",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "aaaaa{args[:]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args.}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args.1}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[:]}",
-			result: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[:]}",
-			result: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[0:]}",
-			result: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[:0]}",
-			result: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[-1:]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[:11]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[10:0]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[0:10]}",
-			result: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{args[0]}:{args[1]}:{args[2]}",
-			result: false,
-		},
-	} {
-		token := Token{
-			File: "test",
-			Line: 1,
-			Text: tc.input,
-		}
-		if v, _, _ := parseVariadic(token, len(args)); v != tc.result {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed Expected: %t, got %t", i, tc.result, v)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAllTokens(t *testing.T) {
-	input := []byte("a b c\nd e")
-	expected := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}
-	tokens, err := allTokens("TestAllTokens", input)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatalf("Expected no error, got %v", err)
-	}
-	if len(tokens) != len(expected) {
-		t.Fatalf("Expected %d tokens, got %d", len(expected), len(tokens))
-	}
-
-	for i, val := range expected {
-		if tokens[i].Text != val {
-			t.Errorf("Token %d should be '%s' but was '%s'", i, val, tokens[i].Text)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestParseOneAndImport(t *testing.T) {
-	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
-		p := testParser(input)
-		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
-		err := p.parseOne()
-		return p.block, err
-	}
-
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		input     string
-		shouldErr bool
-		keys      []string
-		numTokens []int // number of tokens to expect in each segment
-	}{
-		{`localhost`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{}},
-
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{1}},
-
-		{
-			`localhost:1234
-		  dir1 foo bar`, false, []string{
-				"localhost:1234",
-			}, []int{3},
-		},
-
-		{`localhost {
-		    dir1
-		  }`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{1}},
-
-		{`localhost:1234 {
-		    dir1 foo bar
-		    dir2
-		  }`, false, []string{
-			"localhost:1234",
-		}, []int{3, 1}},
-
-		{`http://localhost https://localhost
-		  dir1 foo bar`, false, []string{
-			"http://localhost",
-			"https://localhost",
-		}, []int{3}},
-
-		{`http://localhost https://localhost {
-		    dir1 foo bar
-		  }`, false, []string{
-			"http://localhost",
-			"https://localhost",
-		}, []int{3}},
-
-		{`http://localhost, https://localhost {
-		    dir1 foo bar
-		  }`, false, []string{
-			"http://localhost",
-			"https://localhost",
-		}, []int{3}},
-
-		{`http://localhost, {
-		  }`, true, []string{
-			"http://localhost",
-		}, []int{}},
-
-		{`host1:80, http://host2.com
-		  dir1 foo bar
-		  dir2 baz`, false, []string{
-			"host1:80",
-			"http://host2.com",
-		}, []int{3, 2}},
-
-		{`http://host1.com,
-		  http://host2.com,
-		  https://host3.com`, false, []string{
-			"http://host1.com",
-			"http://host2.com",
-			"https://host3.com",
-		}, []int{}},
-
-		{`http://host1.com:1234, https://host2.com
-		  dir1 foo {
-		    bar baz
-		  }
-		  dir2`, false, []string{
-			"http://host1.com:1234",
-			"https://host2.com",
-		}, []int{6, 1}},
-
-		{`127.0.0.1
-		  dir1 {
-		    bar baz
-		  }
-		  dir2 {
-		    foo bar
-		  }`, false, []string{
-			"127.0.0.1",
-		}, []int{5, 5}},
-
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 {
-		    foo`, true, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{3}},
-
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 {
-		  }`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{3}},
-
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 {
-		  } }`, true, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{}},
-
-		{`localhost{
-		    dir1
-		  }`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 {
-		    nested {
-		      foo
-		    }
-		  }
-		  dir2 foo bar`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{7, 3}},
-
-		{``, false, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 arg1
-		  import testdata/import_test1.txt`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{2, 3, 1}},
-
-		{`import testdata/import_test2.txt`, false, []string{
-			"host1",
-		}, []int{1, 2}},
-
-		{`import testdata/not_found.txt`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		// empty file should just log a warning, and result in no tokens
-		{`import testdata/empty.txt`, false, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		{`import testdata/only_white_space.txt`, false, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		// import path/to/dir/* should skip any files that start with a . when iterating over them.
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 arg1
-		  import testdata/glob/*`, false, []string{
-			"localhost",
-		}, []int{2, 3, 1}},
-
-		// import path/to/dir/.* should continue to read all dotfiles in a dir.
-		{`import testdata/glob/.*`, false, []string{
-			"host1",
-		}, []int{1, 2}},
-
-		{`""`, false, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		{``, false, []string{}, []int{}},
-
-		// Unexpected next token after '{' on same line
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 { a b }`, true, []string{"localhost"}, []int{}},
-
-		// Unexpected '{' on a new line
-		{`localhost
-		dir1
-		{
-			a b
-		}`, true, []string{"localhost"}, []int{}},
-
-		// Workaround with quotes
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 "{" a b "}"`, false, []string{"localhost"}, []int{5}},
-
-		// Unexpected '{}' at end of line
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 {}`, true, []string{"localhost"}, []int{}},
-		// Workaround with quotes
-		{`localhost
-		  dir1 "{}"`, false, []string{"localhost"}, []int{2}},
-
-		// import with args
-		{`import testdata/import_args0.txt a`, false, []string{"a"}, []int{}},
-		{`import testdata/import_args1.txt a b`, false, []string{"a", "b"}, []int{}},
-		{`import testdata/import_args*.txt a b`, false, []string{"a"}, []int{2}},
-
-		// test cases found by fuzzing!
-		{`import }{$"`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import /*/*.txt`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import /???/?*?o`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import /??`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import /[a-z]`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import {$}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import {%}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import {$$}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-		{`import {%%}`, true, []string{}, []int{}},
-	} {
-		result, err := testParseOne(test.input)
-
-		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected an error, but didn't get one", i)
-		}
-		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but got: %v", i, err)
-		}
-
-		// t.Logf("%+v\n", result)
-		if len(result.Keys) != len(test.keys) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d keys, got %d",
-				i, len(test.keys), len(result.Keys))
-			continue
-		}
-		for j, addr := range result.GetKeysText() {
-			if addr != test.keys[j] {
-				t.Errorf("Test %d, key %d: Expected '%s', but was '%s'",
-					i, j, test.keys[j], addr)
-			}
-		}
-
-		if len(result.Segments) != len(test.numTokens) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d segments, had %d",
-				i, len(test.numTokens), len(result.Segments))
-			continue
-		}
-
-		for j, seg := range result.Segments {
-			if len(seg) != test.numTokens[j] {
-				t.Errorf("Test %d, segment %d: Expected %d tokens, counted %d",
-					i, j, test.numTokens[j], len(seg))
-				continue
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRecursiveImport(t *testing.T) {
-	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
-		p := testParser(input)
-		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
-		err := p.parseOne()
-		return p.block, err
-	}
-
-	isExpected := func(got ServerBlock) bool {
-		textKeys := got.GetKeysText()
-		if len(textKeys) != 1 || textKeys[0] != "localhost" {
-			t.Errorf("got keys unexpected: expect localhost, got %v", textKeys)
-			return false
-		}
-		if len(got.Segments) != 2 {
-			t.Errorf("got wrong number of segments: expect 2, got %d", len(got.Segments))
-			return false
-		}
-		if len(got.Segments[0]) != 1 || len(got.Segments[1]) != 2 {
-			t.Errorf("got unexpected tokens: %v", got.Segments)
-			return false
-		}
-		return true
-	}
-
-	recursiveFile1, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/recursive_import_test1")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	recursiveFile2, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/recursive_import_test2")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	// test relative recursive import
-	err = os.WriteFile(recursiveFile1, []byte(
-		`localhost
-		dir1
-		import recursive_import_test2`), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer os.Remove(recursiveFile1)
-
-	err = os.WriteFile(recursiveFile2, []byte("dir2 1"), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer os.Remove(recursiveFile2)
-
-	// import absolute path
-	result, err := testParseOne("import " + recursiveFile1)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if !isExpected(result) {
-		t.Error("absolute+relative import failed")
-	}
-
-	// import relative path
-	result, err = testParseOne("import testdata/recursive_import_test1")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if !isExpected(result) {
-		t.Error("relative+relative import failed")
-	}
-
-	// test absolute recursive import
-	err = os.WriteFile(recursiveFile1, []byte(
-		`localhost
-		dir1
-		import `+recursiveFile2), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	// import absolute path
-	result, err = testParseOne("import " + recursiveFile1)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if !isExpected(result) {
-		t.Error("absolute+absolute import failed")
-	}
-
-	// import relative path
-	result, err = testParseOne("import testdata/recursive_import_test1")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if !isExpected(result) {
-		t.Error("relative+absolute import failed")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestDirectiveImport(t *testing.T) {
-	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
-		p := testParser(input)
-		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
-		err := p.parseOne()
-		return p.block, err
-	}
-
-	isExpected := func(got ServerBlock) bool {
-		textKeys := got.GetKeysText()
-		if len(textKeys) != 1 || textKeys[0] != "localhost" {
-			t.Errorf("got keys unexpected: expect localhost, got %v", textKeys)
-			return false
-		}
-		if len(got.Segments) != 2 {
-			t.Errorf("got wrong number of segments: expect 2, got %d", len(got.Segments))
-			return false
-		}
-		if len(got.Segments[0]) != 1 || len(got.Segments[1]) != 8 {
-			t.Errorf("got unexpected tokens: %v", got.Segments)
-			return false
-		}
-		return true
-	}
-
-	directiveFile, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/directive_import_test")
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-
-	err = os.WriteFile(directiveFile, []byte(`prop1 1
-	prop2 2`), 0o644)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	defer os.Remove(directiveFile)
-
-	// import from existing file
-	result, err := testParseOne(`localhost
-	dir1
-	proxy {
-		import testdata/directive_import_test
-		transparent
-	}`)
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if !isExpected(result) {
-		t.Error("directive import failed")
-	}
-
-	// import from nonexistent file
-	_, err = testParseOne(`localhost
-	dir1
-	proxy {
-		import testdata/nonexistent_file
-		transparent
-	}`)
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("expected error when importing a nonexistent file")
-	}
-}
-
-func TestParseAll(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		input     string
-		shouldErr bool
-		keys      [][]string // keys per server block, in order
-	}{
-		{`localhost`, false, [][]string{
-			{"localhost"},
-		}},
-
-		{`localhost:1234`, false, [][]string{
-			{"localhost:1234"},
-		}},
-
-		{`localhost:1234 {
-		  }
-		  localhost:2015 {
-		  }`, false, [][]string{
-			{"localhost:1234"},
-			{"localhost:2015"},
-		}},
-
-		{`localhost:1234, http://host2`, false, [][]string{
-			{"localhost:1234", "http://host2"},
-		}},
-
-		{`foo.example.com   ,   example.com`, false, [][]string{
-			{"foo.example.com", "example.com"},
-		}},
-
-		{`localhost:1234, http://host2,`, true, [][]string{}},
-
-		{`http://host1.com, http://host2.com {
-		  }
-		  https://host3.com, https://host4.com {
-		  }`, false, [][]string{
-			{"http://host1.com", "http://host2.com"},
-			{"https://host3.com", "https://host4.com"},
-		}},
-
-		{`import testdata/import_glob*.txt`, false, [][]string{
-			{"glob0.host0"},
-			{"glob0.host1"},
-			{"glob1.host0"},
-			{"glob2.host0"},
-		}},
-
-		{`import notfound/*`, false, [][]string{}},        // glob needn't error with no matches
-		{`import notfound/file.conf`, true, [][]string{}}, // but a specific file should
-
-		// recursive self-import
-		{`import testdata/import_recursive0.txt`, true, [][]string{}},
-		{`import testdata/import_recursive3.txt
-		import testdata/import_recursive1.txt`, true, [][]string{}},
-
-		// cyclic imports
-		{`(A) {
-			import A
-		}
-		:80
-		import A
-		`, true, [][]string{}},
-		{`(A) {
-			import B
-		}
-		(B) {
-			import A
-		}
-		:80
-		import A
-		`, true, [][]string{}},
-	} {
-		p := testParser(test.input)
-		blocks, err := p.parseAll()
-
-		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected an error, but didn't get one", i)
-		}
-		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but got: %v", i, err)
-		}
-
-		if len(blocks) != len(test.keys) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d server blocks, got %d",
-				i, len(test.keys), len(blocks))
-			continue
-		}
-		for j, block := range blocks {
-			if len(block.Keys) != len(test.keys[j]) {
-				t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d keys in block %d, got %d: %v",
-					i, len(test.keys[j]), j, len(block.Keys), block.Keys)
-				continue
-			}
-			for k, addr := range block.GetKeysText() {
-				if addr != test.keys[j][k] {
-					t.Errorf("Test %d, block %d, key %d: Expected '%s', but got '%s'",
-						i, j, k, test.keys[j][k], addr)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestEnvironmentReplacement(t *testing.T) {
-	os.Setenv("FOOBAR", "foobar")
-	os.Setenv("CHAINED", "$FOOBAR")
-
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		input  string
-		expect string
-	}{
-		{
-			input:  "",
-			expect: "",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo",
-			expect: "foo",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$NOT_SET}",
-			expect: "",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo{$NOT_SET}bar",
-			expect: "foobar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$FOOBAR}",
-			expect: "foobar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo {$FOOBAR} bar",
-			expect: "foo foobar bar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo{$FOOBAR}bar",
-			expect: "foofoobarbar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo\n{$FOOBAR}\nbar",
-			expect: "foo\nfoobar\nbar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$FOOBAR} {$FOOBAR}",
-			expect: "foobar foobar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$FOOBAR}{$FOOBAR}",
-			expect: "foobarfoobar",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$CHAINED}",
-			expect: "$FOOBAR", // should not chain env expands
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$FOO:default}",
-			expect: "default",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo{$BAR:bar}baz",
-			expect: "foobarbaz",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "foo{$BAR:$FOOBAR}baz",
-			expect: "foo$FOOBARbaz", // should not chain env expands
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$FOOBAR",
-			expect: "{$FOOBAR",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$LONGER_NAME $FOOBAR}",
-			expect: "",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$}",
-			expect: "{$}",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$$}",
-			expect: "",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "{$",
-			expect: "{$",
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "}{$",
-			expect: "}{$",
-		},
-	} {
-		actual := replaceEnvVars([]byte(test.input))
-		if !bytes.Equal(actual, []byte(test.expect)) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected: '%s' but got '%s'", i, test.expect, actual)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestImportReplacementInJSONWithBrace(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		args   []string
-		input  string
-		expect string
-	}{
-		{
-			args:   []string{"123"},
-			input:  "{args[0]}",
-			expect: "123",
-		},
-		{
-			args:   []string{"123"},
-			input:  `{"key":"{args[0]}"}`,
-			expect: `{"key":"123"}`,
-		},
-		{
-			args:   []string{"123", "123"},
-			input:  `{"key":[{args[0]},{args[1]}]}`,
-			expect: `{"key":[123,123]}`,
-		},
-	} {
-		repl := makeArgsReplacer(test.args)
-		actual := repl.ReplaceKnown(test.input, "")
-		if actual != test.expect {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected: '%s' but got '%s'", i, test.expect, actual)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSnippets(t *testing.T) {
-	p := testParser(`
-		(common) {
-			gzip foo
-			errors stderr
-		}
-		http://example.com {
-			import common
-		}
-	`)
-	blocks, err := p.parseAll()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(blocks) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("Expect exactly one server block. Got %d.", len(blocks))
-	}
-	if actual, expected := blocks[0].GetKeysText()[0], "http://example.com"; expected != actual {
-		t.Errorf("Expected server name to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
-	}
-	if len(blocks[0].Segments) != 2 {
-		t.Fatalf("Server block should have tokens from import, got: %+v", blocks[0])
-	}
-	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][0].Text, "gzip"; expected != actual {
-		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
-	}
-	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[1][1].Text, "stderr"; expected != actual {
-		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
-	}
-}
-
-func writeStringToTempFileOrDie(t *testing.T, str string) (pathToFile string) {
-	file, err := os.CreateTemp("", t.Name())
-	if err != nil {
-		panic(err) // get a stack trace so we know where this was called from.
-	}
-	if _, err := file.WriteString(str); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	if err := file.Close(); err != nil {
-		panic(err)
-	}
-	return file.Name()
-}
-
-func TestImportedFilesIgnoreNonDirectiveImportTokens(t *testing.T) {
-	fileName := writeStringToTempFileOrDie(t, `
-		http://example.com {
-			# This isn't an import directive, it's just an arg with value 'import'
-			basic_auth / import password
-		}
-	`)
-	// Parse the root file that imports the other one.
-	p := testParser(`import ` + fileName)
-	blocks, err := p.parseAll()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	auth := blocks[0].Segments[0]
-	line := auth[0].Text + " " + auth[1].Text + " " + auth[2].Text + " " + auth[3].Text
-	if line != "basic_auth / import password" {
-		// Previously, it would be changed to:
-		//   basic_auth / import /path/to/test/dir/password
-		// referencing a file that (probably) doesn't exist and changing the
-		// password!
-		t.Errorf("Expected basic_auth tokens to be 'basic_auth / import password' but got %#q", line)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSnippetAcrossMultipleFiles(t *testing.T) {
-	// Make the derived Caddyfile that expects (common) to be defined.
-	fileName := writeStringToTempFileOrDie(t, `
-		http://example.com {
-			import common
-		}
-	`)
-
-	// Parse the root file that defines (common) and then imports the other one.
-	p := testParser(`
-		(common) {
-			gzip foo
-		}
-		import ` + fileName + `
-	`)
-
-	blocks, err := p.parseAll()
-	if err != nil {
-		t.Fatal(err)
-	}
-	if len(blocks) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("Expect exactly one server block. Got %d.", len(blocks))
-	}
-	if actual, expected := blocks[0].GetKeysText()[0], "http://example.com"; expected != actual {
-		t.Errorf("Expected server name to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
-	}
-	if len(blocks[0].Segments) != 1 {
-		t.Fatalf("Server block should have tokens from import")
-	}
-	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Segments[0][0].Text, "gzip"; expected != actual {
-		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRejectsGlobalMatcher(t *testing.T) {
-	p := testParser(`
-		@rejected path /foo
-
-		(common) {
-			gzip foo
-			errors stderr
-		}
-
-		http://example.com {
-			import common
-		}
-	`)
-	_, err := p.parseAll()
-	if err == nil {
-		t.Fatal("Expected an error, but got nil")
-	}
-	expected := "request matchers may not be defined globally, they must be in a site block; found @rejected, at Testfile:2"
-	if err.Error() != expected {
-		t.Errorf("Expected error to be '%s' but got '%v'", expected, err)
-	}
-}
-
-func testParser(input string) parser {
-	return parser{Dispenser: NewTestDispenser(input)}
-}
@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-host1 {
-	dir1
-	dir2 arg1
-}
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{args[0]}
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-{args[0]} {args[1]}
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-import import_recursive0.txt
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-import import_recursive2.txt
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-import import_recursive3.txt
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-import import_recursive1.txt
@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-dir2 arg1 arg2
-dir3
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-
-
- 
-  
-　
-
-
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyconfig
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-)
-
-// Adapter is a type which can adapt a configuration to Caddy JSON.
-// It returns the results and any warnings, or an error.
-type Adapter interface {
-	Adapt(body []byte, options map[string]any) ([]byte, []Warning, error)
-}
-
-// Warning represents a warning or notice related to conversion.
-type Warning struct {
-	File      string `json:"file,omitempty"`
-	Line      int    `json:"line,omitempty"`
-	Directive string `json:"directive,omitempty"`
-	Message   string `json:"message,omitempty"`
-}
-
-func (w Warning) String() string {
-	var directive string
-	if w.Directive != "" {
-		directive = fmt.Sprintf(" (%s)", w.Directive)
-	}
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d%s: %s", w.File, w.Line, directive, w.Message)
-}
-
-// JSON encodes val as JSON, returning it as a json.RawMessage. Any
-// marshaling errors (which are highly unlikely with correct code)
-// are converted to warnings. This is convenient when filling config
-// structs that require a json.RawMessage, without having to worry
-// about errors.
-func JSON(val any, warnings *[]Warning) json.RawMessage {
-	b, err := json.Marshal(val)
-	if err != nil {
-		if warnings != nil {
-			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-	return b
-}
-
-// JSONModuleObject is like JSON(), except it marshals val into a JSON object
-// with an added key named fieldName with the value fieldVal. This is useful
-// for encoding module values where the module name has to be described within
-// the object by a certain key; for example, `"handler": "file_server"` for a
-// file server HTTP handler (fieldName="handler" and fieldVal="file_server").
-// The val parameter must encode into a map[string]any (i.e. it must be
-// a struct or map). Any errors are converted into warnings.
-func JSONModuleObject(val any, fieldName, fieldVal string, warnings *[]Warning) json.RawMessage {
-	// encode to a JSON object first
-	enc, err := json.Marshal(val)
-	if err != nil {
-		if warnings != nil {
-			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// then decode the object
-	var tmp map[string]any
-	err = json.Unmarshal(enc, &tmp)
-	if err != nil {
-		if warnings != nil {
-			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// so we can easily add the module's field with its appointed value
-	tmp[fieldName] = fieldVal
-
-	// then re-marshal as JSON
-	result, err := json.Marshal(tmp)
-	if err != nil {
-		if warnings != nil {
-			*warnings = append(*warnings, Warning{Message: err.Error()})
-		}
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	return result
-}
-
-// RegisterAdapter registers a config adapter with the given name.
-// This should usually be done at init-time. It panics if the
-// adapter cannot be registered successfully.
-func RegisterAdapter(name string, adapter Adapter) {
-	if _, ok := configAdapters[name]; ok {
-		panic(fmt.Errorf("%s: already registered", name))
-	}
-	configAdapters[name] = adapter
-	caddy.RegisterModule(adapterModule{name, adapter})
-}
-
-// GetAdapter returns the adapter with the given name,
-// or nil if one with that name is not registered.
-func GetAdapter(name string) Adapter {
-	return configAdapters[name]
-}
-
-// adapterModule is a wrapper type that can turn any config
-// adapter into a Caddy module, which has the benefit of being
-// counted with other modules, even though they do not
-// technically extend the Caddy configuration structure.
-// See caddyserver/caddy#3132.
-type adapterModule struct {
-	name string
-	Adapter
-}
-
-func (am adapterModule) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
-	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
-		ID:  caddy.ModuleID("caddy.adapters." + am.name),
-		New: func() caddy.Module { return am },
-	}
-}
-
-var configAdapters = make(map[string]Adapter)
@@ -1,501 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"fmt"
-	"net"
-	"net/netip"
-	"reflect"
-	"sort"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-	"unicode"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/certmagic"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
-)
-
-// mapAddressToProtocolToServerBlocks returns a map of listener address to list of server
-// blocks that will be served on that address. To do this, each server block is
-// expanded so that each one is considered individually, although keys of a
-// server block that share the same address stay grouped together so the config
-// isn't repeated unnecessarily. For example, this Caddyfile:
-//
-//	example.com {
-//		bind 127.0.0.1
-//	}
-//	www.example.com, example.net/path, localhost:9999 {
-//		bind 127.0.0.1 1.2.3.4
-//	}
-//
-// has two server blocks to start with. But expressed in this Caddyfile are
-// actually 4 listener addresses: 127.0.0.1:443, 1.2.3.4:443, 127.0.0.1:9999,
-// and 127.0.0.1:9999. This is because the bind directive is applied to each
-// key of its server block (specifying the host part), and each key may have
-// a different port. And we definitely need to be sure that a site which is
-// bound to be served on a specific interface is not served on others just
-// because that is more convenient: it would be a potential security risk
-// if the difference between interfaces means private vs. public.
-//
-// So what this function does for the example above is iterate each server
-// block, and for each server block, iterate its keys. For the first, it
-// finds one key (example.com) and determines its listener address
-// (127.0.0.1:443 - because of 'bind' and automatic HTTPS). It then adds
-// the listener address to the map value returned by this function, with
-// the first server block as one of its associations.
-//
-// It then iterates each key on the second server block and associates them
-// with one or more listener addresses. Indeed, each key in this block has
-// two listener addresses because of the 'bind' directive. Once we know
-// which addresses serve which keys, we can create a new server block for
-// each address containing the contents of the server block and only those
-// specific keys of the server block which use that address.
-//
-// It is possible and even likely that some keys in the returned map have
-// the exact same list of server blocks (i.e. they are identical). This
-// happens when multiple hosts are declared with a 'bind' directive and
-// the resulting listener addresses are not shared by any other server
-// block (or the other server blocks are exactly identical in their token
-// contents). This happens with our example above because 1.2.3.4:443
-// and 1.2.3.4:9999 are used exclusively with the second server block. This
-// repetition may be undesirable, so call consolidateAddrMappings() to map
-// multiple addresses to the same lists of server blocks (a many:many mapping).
-// (Doing this is essentially a map-reduce technique.)
-func (st *ServerType) mapAddressToProtocolToServerBlocks(originalServerBlocks []serverBlock,
-	options map[string]any,
-) (map[string]map[string][]serverBlock, error) {
-	addrToProtocolToServerBlocks := map[string]map[string][]serverBlock{}
-
-	type keyWithParsedKey struct {
-		key       caddyfile.Token
-		parsedKey Address
-	}
-
-	for i, sblock := range originalServerBlocks {
-		// within a server block, we need to map all the listener addresses
-		// implied by the server block to the keys of the server block which
-		// will be served by them; this has the effect of treating each
-		// key of a server block as its own, but without having to repeat its
-		// contents in cases where multiple keys really can be served together
-		addrToProtocolToKeyWithParsedKeys := map[string]map[string][]keyWithParsedKey{}
-		for j, key := range sblock.block.Keys {
-			parsedKey, err := ParseAddress(key.Text)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing key: %v", err)
-			}
-			parsedKey = parsedKey.Normalize()
-
-			// a key can have multiple listener addresses if there are multiple
-			// arguments to the 'bind' directive (although they will all have
-			// the same port, since the port is defined by the key or is implicit
-			// through automatic HTTPS)
-			listeners, err := st.listenersForServerBlockAddress(sblock, parsedKey, options)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("server block %d, key %d (%s): determining listener address: %v", i, j, key.Text, err)
-			}
-
-			// associate this key with its protocols and each listener address served with them
-			kwpk := keyWithParsedKey{key, parsedKey}
-			for addr, protocols := range listeners {
-				protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys, ok := addrToProtocolToKeyWithParsedKeys[addr]
-				if !ok {
-					protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys = map[string][]keyWithParsedKey{}
-					addrToProtocolToKeyWithParsedKeys[addr] = protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys
-				}
-
-				// an empty protocol indicates the default, a nil or empty value in the ListenProtocols array
-				if len(protocols) == 0 {
-					protocols[""] = struct{}{}
-				}
-				for prot := range protocols {
-					protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys[prot] = append(
-						protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys[prot],
-						kwpk)
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		// make a slice of the map keys so we can iterate in sorted order
-		addrs := make([]string, 0, len(addrToProtocolToKeyWithParsedKeys))
-		for addr := range addrToProtocolToKeyWithParsedKeys {
-			addrs = append(addrs, addr)
-		}
-		sort.Strings(addrs)
-
-		// now that we know which addresses serve which keys of this
-		// server block, we iterate that mapping and create a list of
-		// new server blocks for each address where the keys of the
-		// server block are only the ones which use the address; but
-		// the contents (tokens) are of course the same
-		for _, addr := range addrs {
-			protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys := addrToProtocolToKeyWithParsedKeys[addr]
-
-			prots := make([]string, 0, len(protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys))
-			for prot := range protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys {
-				prots = append(prots, prot)
-			}
-			sort.Strings(prots)
-
-			protocolToServerBlocks, ok := addrToProtocolToServerBlocks[addr]
-			if !ok {
-				protocolToServerBlocks = map[string][]serverBlock{}
-				addrToProtocolToServerBlocks[addr] = protocolToServerBlocks
-			}
-
-			for _, prot := range prots {
-				keyWithParsedKeys := protocolToKeyWithParsedKeys[prot]
-
-				keys := make([]caddyfile.Token, len(keyWithParsedKeys))
-				parsedKeys := make([]Address, len(keyWithParsedKeys))
-
-				for k, keyWithParsedKey := range keyWithParsedKeys {
-					keys[k] = keyWithParsedKey.key
-					parsedKeys[k] = keyWithParsedKey.parsedKey
-				}
-
-				protocolToServerBlocks[prot] = append(protocolToServerBlocks[prot], serverBlock{
-					block: caddyfile.ServerBlock{
-						Keys:     keys,
-						Segments: sblock.block.Segments,
-					},
-					pile:       sblock.pile,
-					parsedKeys: parsedKeys,
-				})
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return addrToProtocolToServerBlocks, nil
-}
-
-// consolidateAddrMappings eliminates repetition of identical server blocks in a mapping of
-// single listener addresses to protocols to lists of server blocks. Since multiple addresses
-// may serve multiple protocols to identical sites (server block contents), this function turns
-// a 1:many mapping into a many:many mapping. Server block contents (tokens) must be
-// exactly identical so that reflect.DeepEqual returns true in order for the addresses to be combined.
-// Identical entries are deleted from the addrToServerBlocks map. Essentially, each pairing (each
-// association from multiple addresses to multiple server blocks; i.e. each element of
-// the returned slice) becomes a server definition in the output JSON.
-func (st *ServerType) consolidateAddrMappings(addrToProtocolToServerBlocks map[string]map[string][]serverBlock) []sbAddrAssociation {
-	sbaddrs := make([]sbAddrAssociation, 0, len(addrToProtocolToServerBlocks))
-
-	addrs := make([]string, 0, len(addrToProtocolToServerBlocks))
-	for addr := range addrToProtocolToServerBlocks {
-		addrs = append(addrs, addr)
-	}
-	sort.Strings(addrs)
-
-	for _, addr := range addrs {
-		protocolToServerBlocks := addrToProtocolToServerBlocks[addr]
-
-		prots := make([]string, 0, len(protocolToServerBlocks))
-		for prot := range protocolToServerBlocks {
-			prots = append(prots, prot)
-		}
-		sort.Strings(prots)
-
-		for _, prot := range prots {
-			serverBlocks := protocolToServerBlocks[prot]
-
-			// now find other addresses that map to identical
-			// server blocks and add them to our map of listener
-			// addresses and protocols, while removing them from
-			// the original map
-			listeners := map[string]map[string]struct{}{}
-
-			for otherAddr, otherProtocolToServerBlocks := range addrToProtocolToServerBlocks {
-				for otherProt, otherServerBlocks := range otherProtocolToServerBlocks {
-					if addr == otherAddr && prot == otherProt || reflect.DeepEqual(serverBlocks, otherServerBlocks) {
-						listener, ok := listeners[otherAddr]
-						if !ok {
-							listener = map[string]struct{}{}
-							listeners[otherAddr] = listener
-						}
-						listener[otherProt] = struct{}{}
-						delete(otherProtocolToServerBlocks, otherProt)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
-			addresses := make([]string, 0, len(listeners))
-			for lnAddr := range listeners {
-				addresses = append(addresses, lnAddr)
-			}
-			sort.Strings(addresses)
-
-			addressesWithProtocols := make([]addressWithProtocols, 0, len(listeners))
-
-			for _, lnAddr := range addresses {
-				lnProts := listeners[lnAddr]
-				prots := make([]string, 0, len(lnProts))
-				for prot := range lnProts {
-					prots = append(prots, prot)
-				}
-				sort.Strings(prots)
-
-				addressesWithProtocols = append(addressesWithProtocols, addressWithProtocols{
-					address:   lnAddr,
-					protocols: prots,
-				})
-			}
-
-			sbaddrs = append(sbaddrs, sbAddrAssociation{
-				addressesWithProtocols: addressesWithProtocols,
-				serverBlocks:           serverBlocks,
-			})
-		}
-	}
-
-	return sbaddrs
-}
-
-// listenersForServerBlockAddress essentially converts the Caddyfile site addresses to a map from
-// Caddy listener addresses and the protocols to serve them with to the parsed address for each server block.
-func (st *ServerType) listenersForServerBlockAddress(sblock serverBlock, addr Address,
-	options map[string]any,
-) (map[string]map[string]struct{}, error) {
-	switch addr.Scheme {
-	case "wss":
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("the scheme wss:// is only supported in browsers; use https:// instead")
-	case "ws":
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("the scheme ws:// is only supported in browsers; use http:// instead")
-	case "https", "http", "":
-		// Do nothing or handle the valid schemes
-	default:
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("unsupported URL scheme %s://", addr.Scheme)
-	}
-
-	// figure out the HTTP and HTTPS ports; either
-	// use defaults, or override with user config
-	httpPort, httpsPort := strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPPort), strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPSPort)
-	if hport, ok := options["http_port"]; ok {
-		httpPort = strconv.Itoa(hport.(int))
-	}
-	if hsport, ok := options["https_port"]; ok {
-		httpsPort = strconv.Itoa(hsport.(int))
-	}
-
-	// default port is the HTTPS port
-	lnPort := httpsPort
-	if addr.Port != "" {
-		// port explicitly defined
-		lnPort = addr.Port
-	} else if addr.Scheme == "http" {
-		// port inferred from scheme
-		lnPort = httpPort
-	}
-
-	// error if scheme and port combination violate convention
-	if (addr.Scheme == "http" && lnPort == httpsPort) || (addr.Scheme == "https" && lnPort == httpPort) {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("[%s] scheme and port violate convention", addr.String())
-	}
-
-	// the bind directive specifies hosts (and potentially network), and the protocols to serve them with, but is optional
-	lnCfgVals := make([]addressesWithProtocols, 0, len(sblock.pile["bind"]))
-	for _, cfgVal := range sblock.pile["bind"] {
-		if val, ok := cfgVal.Value.(addressesWithProtocols); ok {
-			lnCfgVals = append(lnCfgVals, val)
-		}
-	}
-	if len(lnCfgVals) == 0 {
-		if defaultBindValues, ok := options["default_bind"].([]ConfigValue); ok {
-			for _, defaultBindValue := range defaultBindValues {
-				lnCfgVals = append(lnCfgVals, defaultBindValue.Value.(addressesWithProtocols))
-			}
-		} else {
-			lnCfgVals = []addressesWithProtocols{{
-				addresses: []string{""},
-				protocols: nil,
-			}}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// use a map to prevent duplication
-	listeners := map[string]map[string]struct{}{}
-	for _, lnCfgVal := range lnCfgVals {
-		for _, lnAddr := range lnCfgVal.addresses {
-			lnNetw, lnHost, _, err := caddy.SplitNetworkAddress(lnAddr)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("splitting listener address: %v", err)
-			}
-			networkAddr, err := caddy.ParseNetworkAddress(caddy.JoinNetworkAddress(lnNetw, lnHost, lnPort))
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing network address: %v", err)
-			}
-			if _, ok := listeners[addr.String()]; !ok {
-				listeners[networkAddr.String()] = map[string]struct{}{}
-			}
-			for _, protocol := range lnCfgVal.protocols {
-				listeners[networkAddr.String()][protocol] = struct{}{}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return listeners, nil
-}
-
-// addressesWithProtocols associates a list of listen addresses
-// with a list of protocols to serve them with
-type addressesWithProtocols struct {
-	addresses []string
-	protocols []string
-}
-
-// Address represents a site address. It contains
-// the original input value, and the component
-// parts of an address. The component parts may be
-// updated to the correct values as setup proceeds,
-// but the original value should never be changed.
-//
-// The Host field must be in a normalized form.
-type Address struct {
-	Original, Scheme, Host, Port, Path string
-}
-
-// ParseAddress parses an address string into a structured format with separate
-// scheme, host, port, and path portions, as well as the original input string.
-func ParseAddress(str string) (Address, error) {
-	const maxLen = 4096
-	if len(str) > maxLen {
-		str = str[:maxLen]
-	}
-	remaining := strings.TrimSpace(str)
-	a := Address{Original: remaining}
-
-	// extract scheme
-	splitScheme := strings.SplitN(remaining, "://", 2)
-	switch len(splitScheme) {
-	case 0:
-		return a, nil
-	case 1:
-		remaining = splitScheme[0]
-	case 2:
-		a.Scheme = splitScheme[0]
-		remaining = splitScheme[1]
-	}
-
-	// extract host and port
-	hostSplit := strings.SplitN(remaining, "/", 2)
-	if len(hostSplit) > 0 {
-		host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(hostSplit[0])
-		if err != nil {
-			host, port, err = net.SplitHostPort(hostSplit[0] + ":")
-			if err != nil {
-				host = hostSplit[0]
-			}
-		}
-		a.Host = host
-		a.Port = port
-	}
-	if len(hostSplit) == 2 {
-		// all that remains is the path
-		a.Path = "/" + hostSplit[1]
-	}
-
-	// make sure port is valid
-	if a.Port != "" {
-		if portNum, err := strconv.Atoi(a.Port); err != nil {
-			return Address{}, fmt.Errorf("invalid port '%s': %v", a.Port, err)
-		} else if portNum < 0 || portNum > 65535 {
-			return Address{}, fmt.Errorf("port %d is out of range", portNum)
-		}
-	}
-
-	return a, nil
-}
-
-// String returns a human-readable form of a. It will
-// be a cleaned-up and filled-out URL string.
-func (a Address) String() string {
-	if a.Host == "" && a.Port == "" {
-		return ""
-	}
-	scheme := a.Scheme
-	if scheme == "" {
-		if a.Port == strconv.Itoa(certmagic.HTTPSPort) {
-			scheme = "https"
-		} else {
-			scheme = "http"
-		}
-	}
-	s := scheme
-	if s != "" {
-		s += "://"
-	}
-	if a.Port != "" &&
-		((scheme == "https" && a.Port != strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPSPort)) ||
-			(scheme == "http" && a.Port != strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPPort))) {
-		s += net.JoinHostPort(a.Host, a.Port)
-	} else {
-		s += a.Host
-	}
-	if a.Path != "" {
-		s += a.Path
-	}
-	return s
-}
-
-// Normalize returns a normalized version of a.
-func (a Address) Normalize() Address {
-	path := a.Path
-
-	// ensure host is normalized if it's an IP address
-	host := strings.TrimSpace(a.Host)
-	if ip, err := netip.ParseAddr(host); err == nil {
-		if ip.Is6() && !ip.Is4() && !ip.Is4In6() {
-			host = ip.String()
-		}
-	}
-
-	return Address{
-		Original: a.Original,
-		Scheme:   lowerExceptPlaceholders(a.Scheme),
-		Host:     lowerExceptPlaceholders(host),
-		Port:     a.Port,
-		Path:     path,
-	}
-}
-
-// lowerExceptPlaceholders lowercases s except within
-// placeholders (substrings in non-escaped '{ }' spans).
-// See https://github.com/caddyserver/caddy/issues/3264
-func lowerExceptPlaceholders(s string) string {
-	var sb strings.Builder
-	var escaped, inPlaceholder bool
-	for _, ch := range s {
-		if ch == '\\' && !escaped {
-			escaped = true
-			sb.WriteRune(ch)
-			continue
-		}
-		if ch == '{' && !escaped {
-			inPlaceholder = true
-		}
-		if ch == '}' && inPlaceholder && !escaped {
-			inPlaceholder = false
-		}
-		if inPlaceholder {
-			sb.WriteRune(ch)
-		} else {
-			sb.WriteRune(unicode.ToLower(ch))
-		}
-		escaped = false
-	}
-	return sb.String()
-}
@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-//go:build gofuzz
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-func FuzzParseAddress(data []byte) int {
-	addr, err := ParseAddress(string(data))
-	if err != nil {
-		if addr == (Address{}) {
-			return 1
-		}
-		return 0
-	}
-	return 1
-}
@@ -1,253 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestParseAddress(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		input                    string
-		scheme, host, port, path string
-		shouldErr                bool
-	}{
-		{``, "", "", "", "", false},
-		{`localhost`, "", "localhost", "", "", false},
-		{`localhost:1234`, "", "localhost", "1234", "", false},
-		{`localhost:`, "", "localhost", "", "", false},
-		{`0.0.0.0`, "", "0.0.0.0", "", "", false},
-		{`127.0.0.1:1234`, "", "127.0.0.1", "1234", "", false},
-		{`:1234`, "", "", "1234", "", false},
-		{`[::1]`, "", "::1", "", "", false},
-		{`[::1]:1234`, "", "::1", "1234", "", false},
-		{`:`, "", "", "", "", false},
-		{`:http`, "", "", "", "", true},
-		{`:https`, "", "", "", "", true},
-		{`localhost:http`, "", "", "", "", true}, // using service name in port is verboten, as of Go 1.12.8
-		{`localhost:https`, "", "", "", "", true},
-		{`http://localhost:https`, "", "", "", "", true}, // conflict
-		{`http://localhost:http`, "", "", "", "", true},  // repeated scheme
-		{`host:https/path`, "", "", "", "", true},
-		{`http://localhost:443`, "http", "localhost", "443", "", false}, // NOTE: not conventional
-		{`https://localhost:80`, "https", "localhost", "80", "", false}, // NOTE: not conventional
-		{`http://localhost`, "http", "localhost", "", "", false},
-		{`https://localhost`, "https", "localhost", "", "", false},
-		{`http://{env.APP_DOMAIN}`, "http", "{env.APP_DOMAIN}", "", "", false},
-		{`{env.APP_DOMAIN}:80`, "", "{env.APP_DOMAIN}", "80", "", false},
-		{`{env.APP_DOMAIN}/path`, "", "{env.APP_DOMAIN}", "", "/path", false},
-		{`example.com/{env.APP_PATH}`, "", "example.com", "", "/{env.APP_PATH}", false},
-		{`http://127.0.0.1`, "http", "127.0.0.1", "", "", false},
-		{`https://127.0.0.1`, "https", "127.0.0.1", "", "", false},
-		{`http://[::1]`, "http", "::1", "", "", false},
-		{`http://localhost:1234`, "http", "localhost", "1234", "", false},
-		{`https://127.0.0.1:1234`, "https", "127.0.0.1", "1234", "", false},
-		{`http://[::1]:1234`, "http", "::1", "1234", "", false},
-		{``, "", "", "", "", false},
-		{`::1`, "", "::1", "", "", false},
-		{`localhost::`, "", "localhost::", "", "", false},
-		{`#$%@`, "", "#$%@", "", "", false}, // don't want to presume what the hostname could be
-		{`host/path`, "", "host", "", "/path", false},
-		{`http://host/`, "http", "host", "", "/", false},
-		{`//asdf`, "", "", "", "//asdf", false},
-		{`:1234/asdf`, "", "", "1234", "/asdf", false},
-		{`http://host/path`, "http", "host", "", "/path", false},
-		{`https://host:443/path/foo`, "https", "host", "443", "/path/foo", false},
-		{`host:80/path`, "", "host", "80", "/path", false},
-		{`/path`, "", "", "", "/path", false},
-	} {
-		actual, err := ParseAddress(test.input)
-
-		if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected no error, but had error: %v", i, test.input, err)
-		}
-		if err == nil && test.shouldErr {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected error, but had none (%#v)", i, test.input, actual)
-		}
-
-		if !test.shouldErr && actual.Original != test.input {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected original '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.input, actual.Original)
-		}
-		if actual.Scheme != test.scheme {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected scheme '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.scheme, actual.Scheme)
-		}
-		if actual.Host != test.host {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected host '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.host, actual.Host)
-		}
-		if actual.Port != test.port {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected port '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.port, actual.Port)
-		}
-		if actual.Path != test.path {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected path '%s', got '%s'", i, test.input, test.path, actual.Path)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestAddressString(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		addr     Address
-		expected string
-	}{
-		{Address{Scheme: "http", Host: "host", Port: "1234", Path: "/path"}, "http://host:1234/path"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "", Path: ""}, "http://host"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "80", Path: ""}, "http://host"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "443", Path: ""}, "https://host"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "https", Host: "host", Port: "443", Path: ""}, "https://host"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "https", Host: "host", Port: "", Path: ""}, "https://host"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "host", Port: "80", Path: "/path"}, "http://host/path"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "http", Host: "", Port: "1234", Path: ""}, "http://:1234"},
-		{Address{Scheme: "", Host: "", Port: "", Path: ""}, ""},
-	} {
-		actual := test.addr.String()
-		if actual != test.expected {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: expected '%s' but got '%s'", i, test.expected, actual)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestKeyNormalization(t *testing.T) {
-	testCases := []struct {
-		input  string
-		expect Address
-	}{
-		{
-			input: "example.com",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "example.com",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "http://host:1234/path",
-			expect: Address{
-				Scheme: "http",
-				Host:   "host",
-				Port:   "1234",
-				Path:   "/path",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "HTTP://A/ABCDEF",
-			expect: Address{
-				Scheme: "http",
-				Host:   "a",
-				Path:   "/ABCDEF",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "A/ABCDEF",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "a",
-				Path: "/ABCDEF",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "A:2015/Path",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "a",
-				Port: "2015",
-				Path: "/Path",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "sub.{env.MY_DOMAIN}",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "sub.{env.MY_DOMAIN}",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "sub.ExAmPle",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "sub.example",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "sub.\\{env.MY_DOMAIN\\}",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "sub.\\{env.my_domain\\}",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "sub.{env.MY_DOMAIN}.com",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "sub.{env.MY_DOMAIN}.com",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: ":80",
-			expect: Address{
-				Port: "80",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: ":443",
-			expect: Address{
-				Port: "443",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: ":1234",
-			expect: Address{
-				Port: "1234",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input:  "",
-			expect: Address{},
-		},
-		{
-			input:  ":",
-			expect: Address{},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "[::]",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "::",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "127.0.0.1",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "127.0.0.1",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "[2001:db8:85a3:8d3:1319:8a2e:370:7348]:1234",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "2001:db8:85a3:8d3:1319:8a2e:370:7348",
-				Port: "1234",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			// IPv4 address in IPv6 form (#4381)
-			input: "[::ffff:cff4:e77d]:1234",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "::ffff:cff4:e77d",
-				Port: "1234",
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: "::ffff:cff4:e77d",
-			expect: Address{
-				Host: "::ffff:cff4:e77d",
-			},
-		},
-	}
-	for i, tc := range testCases {
-		addr, err := ParseAddress(tc.input)
-		if err != nil {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Parsing address '%s': %v", i, tc.input, err)
-			continue
-		}
-		actual := addr.Normalize()
-		if actual.Scheme != tc.expect.Scheme {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Input '%s': Expected Scheme='%s' but got Scheme='%s'", i, tc.input, tc.expect.Scheme, actual.Scheme)
-		}
-		if actual.Host != tc.expect.Host {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Input '%s': Expected Host='%s' but got Host='%s'", i, tc.input, tc.expect.Host, actual.Host)
-		}
-		if actual.Port != tc.expect.Port {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Input '%s': Expected Port='%s' but got Port='%s'", i, tc.input, tc.expect.Port, actual.Port)
-		}
-		if actual.Path != tc.expect.Path {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Input '%s': Expected Path='%s' but got Path='%s'", i, tc.input, tc.expect.Path, actual.Path)
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,355 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"strings"
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	_ "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/logging"
-)
-
-func TestLogDirectiveSyntax(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input       string
-		output      string
-		expectError bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				log
-			}
-			`,
-			output:      `{"apps":{"http":{"servers":{"srv0":{"listen":[":8080"],"logs":{}}}}}}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				log {
-					core mock
-					output file foo.log
-				}
-			}
-			`,
-			output:      `{"logging":{"logs":{"default":{"exclude":["http.log.access.log0"]},"log0":{"writer":{"filename":"foo.log","output":"file"},"core":{"module":"mock"},"include":["http.log.access.log0"]}}},"apps":{"http":{"servers":{"srv0":{"listen":[":8080"],"logs":{"default_logger_name":"log0"}}}}}}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				log {
-					format filter {
-						wrap console
-						fields {
-							request>remote_ip ip_mask {
-								ipv4 24
-								ipv6 32
-							}
-						}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-			`,
-			output:      `{"logging":{"logs":{"default":{"exclude":["http.log.access.log0"]},"log0":{"encoder":{"fields":{"request\u003eremote_ip":{"filter":"ip_mask","ipv4_cidr":24,"ipv6_cidr":32}},"format":"filter","wrap":{"format":"console"}},"include":["http.log.access.log0"]}}},"apps":{"http":{"servers":{"srv0":{"listen":[":8080"],"logs":{"default_logger_name":"log0"}}}}}}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				log name-override {
-					core mock
-					output file foo.log
-				}
-			}
-			`,
-			output:      `{"logging":{"logs":{"default":{"exclude":["http.log.access.name-override"]},"name-override":{"writer":{"filename":"foo.log","output":"file"},"core":{"module":"mock"},"include":["http.log.access.name-override"]}}},"apps":{"http":{"servers":{"srv0":{"listen":[":8080"],"logs":{"default_logger_name":"name-override"}}}}}}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-	} {
-
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		out, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if err != nil != tc.expectError {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed Expected: %v, got %s", i, tc.expectError, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if string(out) != tc.output {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error output mismatch Expected: %s, got %s", i, tc.output, out)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestRedirDirectiveSyntax(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input       string
-		expectError bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir :8081
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /api/* :8081 300
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir :8081 300
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /api/* :8081 399
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir :8081 399
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /old.html /new.html
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /old.html /new.html temporary
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir https://example.com{uri} permanent
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /old.html /new.html permanent
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /old.html /new.html html
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			// this is now allowed so a Location header
-			// can be written and consumed by JS
-			// in the case of XHR requests
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 401
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 402
-			}`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 {http.reverse_proxy.status_code}
-			}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir /old.html /new.html htlm
-			}`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 200
-			}`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 temp
-			}`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 perm
-			}`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `:8080 {
-				redir * :8081 php
-			}`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-	} {
-
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		_, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if err != nil != tc.expectError {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed Expected: %v, got %s", i, tc.expectError, err)
-			continue
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestImportErrorLine(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input     string
-		errorFunc func(err error) bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input: `(t1) {
-					abort {args[:]}
-				}
-				:8080 {
-					import t1
-					import t1 true
-				}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "Caddyfile:6 (import t1)")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: `(t1) {
-					abort {args[:]}
-				}
-				:8080 {
-					import t1 true
-				}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err != nil && strings.Contains(err.Error(), "Caddyfile:5 (import t1)")
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				import testdata/import_variadic_snippet.txt
-				:8080 {
-					import t1 true
-				}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err == nil
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				import testdata/import_variadic_with_import.txt
-				:8080 {
-					import t1 true
-					import t2 true
-				}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err == nil
-			},
-		},
-	} {
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		_, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if !tc.errorFunc(err) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed, got %s", i, err)
-			continue
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestNestedImport(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input     string
-		errorFunc func(err error) bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input: `(t1) {
-						respond {args[0]} {args[1]}
-					}
-					
-					(t2) {
-						import t1 {args[0]} 202
-					}
-					
-					:8080 {
-						handle {
-							import t2 "foobar"
-						}
-					}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err == nil
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: `(t1) {
-						respond {args[:]}
-					}
-					
-					(t2) {
-						import t1 {args[0]} {args[1]}
-					}
-					
-					:8080 {
-						handle {
-							import t2 "foobar" 202
-						}
-					}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err == nil
-			},
-		},
-		{
-			input: `(t1) {
-						respond {args[0]} {args[1]}
-					}
-					
-					(t2) {
-						import t1 {args[:]}
-					}
-					
-					:8080 {
-						handle {
-							import t2 "foobar" 202
-						}
-					}`,
-			errorFunc: func(err error) bool {
-				return err == nil
-			},
-		},
-	} {
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		_, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if !tc.errorFunc(err) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed, got %s", i, err)
-			continue
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,640 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"net"
-	"slices"
-	"sort"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
-)
-
-// defaultDirectiveOrder specifies the default order
-// to apply directives in HTTP routes. This must only
-// consist of directives that are included in Caddy's
-// standard distribution.
-//
-// e.g. The 'root' directive goes near the start in
-// case rewrites or redirects depend on existence of
-// files, i.e. the file matcher, which must know the
-// root first.
-//
-// e.g. The 'header' directive goes before 'redir' so
-// that headers can be manipulated before doing redirects.
-//
-// e.g. The 'respond' directive is near the end because it
-// writes a response and terminates the middleware chain.
-var defaultDirectiveOrder = []string{
-	"tracing",
-
-	// set variables that may be used by other directives
-	"map",
-	"vars",
-	"fs",
-	"root",
-	"log_append",
-	"skip_log", // TODO: deprecated, renamed to log_skip
-	"log_skip",
-	"log_name",
-
-	"header",
-	"copy_response_headers", // only in reverse_proxy's handle_response
-	"request_body",
-
-	"redir",
-
-	// incoming request manipulation
-	"method",
-	"rewrite",
-	"uri",
-	"try_files",
-
-	// middleware handlers; some wrap responses
-	"basicauth", // TODO: deprecated, renamed to basic_auth
-	"basic_auth",
-	"forward_auth",
-	"request_header",
-	"encode",
-	"push",
-	"intercept",
-	"templates",
-
-	// special routing & dispatching directives
-	"invoke",
-	"handle",
-	"handle_path",
-	"route",
-
-	// handlers that typically respond to requests
-	"abort",
-	"error",
-	"copy_response", // only in reverse_proxy's handle_response
-	"respond",
-	"metrics",
-	"reverse_proxy",
-	"php_fastcgi",
-	"file_server",
-	"acme_server",
-}
-
-// directiveOrder specifies the order to apply directives
-// in HTTP routes, after being modified by either the
-// plugins or by the user via the "order" global option.
-var directiveOrder = defaultDirectiveOrder
-
-// RegisterDirective registers a unique directive dir with an
-// associated unmarshaling (setup) function. When directive dir
-// is encountered in a Caddyfile, setupFunc will be called to
-// unmarshal its tokens.
-func RegisterDirective(dir string, setupFunc UnmarshalFunc) {
-	if _, ok := registeredDirectives[dir]; ok {
-		panic("directive " + dir + " already registered")
-	}
-	registeredDirectives[dir] = setupFunc
-}
-
-// RegisterHandlerDirective is like RegisterDirective, but for
-// directives which specifically output only an HTTP handler.
-// Directives registered with this function will always have
-// an optional matcher token as the first argument.
-func RegisterHandlerDirective(dir string, setupFunc UnmarshalHandlerFunc) {
-	RegisterDirective(dir, func(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error) {
-		if !h.Next() {
-			return nil, h.ArgErr()
-		}
-
-		matcherSet, err := h.ExtractMatcherSet()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		val, err := setupFunc(h)
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		return h.NewRoute(matcherSet, val), nil
-	})
-}
-
-// RegisterDirectiveOrder registers the default order for a
-// directive from a plugin.
-//
-// This is useful when a plugin has a well-understood place
-// it should run in the middleware pipeline, and it allows
-// users to avoid having to define the order themselves.
-//
-// The directive dir may be placed in the position relative
-// to ('before' or 'after') a directive included in Caddy's
-// standard distribution. It cannot be relative to another
-// plugin's directive.
-//
-// EXPERIMENTAL: This API may change or be removed.
-func RegisterDirectiveOrder(dir string, position Positional, standardDir string) {
-	// check if directive was already ordered
-	if slices.Contains(directiveOrder, dir) {
-		panic("directive '" + dir + "' already ordered")
-	}
-
-	if position != Before && position != After {
-		panic("the 2nd argument must be either 'before' or 'after', got '" + position + "'")
-	}
-
-	// check if directive exists in standard distribution, since
-	// we can't allow plugins to depend on one another; we can't
-	// guarantee the order that plugins are loaded in.
-	foundStandardDir := slices.Contains(defaultDirectiveOrder, standardDir)
-	if !foundStandardDir {
-		panic("the 3rd argument '" + standardDir + "' must be a directive that exists in the standard distribution of Caddy")
-	}
-
-	// insert directive into proper position
-	newOrder := directiveOrder
-	for i, d := range newOrder {
-		if d != standardDir {
-			continue
-		}
-		if position == Before {
-			newOrder = append(newOrder[:i], append([]string{dir}, newOrder[i:]...)...)
-		} else if position == After {
-			newOrder = append(newOrder[:i+1], append([]string{dir}, newOrder[i+1:]...)...)
-		}
-		break
-	}
-	directiveOrder = newOrder
-}
-
-// RegisterGlobalOption registers a unique global option opt with
-// an associated unmarshaling (setup) function. When the global
-// option opt is encountered in a Caddyfile, setupFunc will be
-// called to unmarshal its tokens.
-func RegisterGlobalOption(opt string, setupFunc UnmarshalGlobalFunc) {
-	if _, ok := registeredGlobalOptions[opt]; ok {
-		panic("global option " + opt + " already registered")
-	}
-	registeredGlobalOptions[opt] = setupFunc
-}
-
-// Helper is a type which helps setup a value from
-// Caddyfile tokens.
-type Helper struct {
-	*caddyfile.Dispenser
-	// State stores intermediate variables during caddyfile adaptation.
-	State        map[string]any
-	options      map[string]any
-	warnings     *[]caddyconfig.Warning
-	matcherDefs  map[string]caddy.ModuleMap
-	parentBlock  caddyfile.ServerBlock
-	groupCounter counter
-}
-
-// Option gets the option keyed by name.
-func (h Helper) Option(name string) any {
-	return h.options[name]
-}
-
-// Caddyfiles returns the list of config files from
-// which tokens in the current server block were loaded.
-func (h Helper) Caddyfiles() []string {
-	// first obtain set of names of files involved
-	// in this server block, without duplicates
-	files := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for _, segment := range h.parentBlock.Segments {
-		for _, token := range segment {
-			files[token.File] = struct{}{}
-		}
-	}
-	// then convert the set into a slice
-	filesSlice := make([]string, 0, len(files))
-	for file := range files {
-		filesSlice = append(filesSlice, file)
-	}
-	sort.Strings(filesSlice)
-	return filesSlice
-}
-
-// JSON converts val into JSON. Any errors are added to warnings.
-func (h Helper) JSON(val any) json.RawMessage {
-	return caddyconfig.JSON(val, h.warnings)
-}
-
-// MatcherToken assumes the next argument token is (possibly) a matcher,
-// and if so, returns the matcher set along with a true value. If the next
-// token is not a matcher, nil and false is returned. Note that a true
-// value may be returned with a nil matcher set if it is a catch-all.
-func (h Helper) MatcherToken() (caddy.ModuleMap, bool, error) {
-	if !h.NextArg() {
-		return nil, false, nil
-	}
-	return matcherSetFromMatcherToken(h.Dispenser.Token(), h.matcherDefs, h.warnings)
-}
-
-// ExtractMatcherSet is like MatcherToken, except this is a higher-level
-// method that returns the matcher set described by the matcher token,
-// or nil if there is none, and deletes the matcher token from the
-// dispenser and resets it as if this look-ahead never happened. Useful
-// when wrapping a route (one or more handlers) in a user-defined matcher.
-func (h Helper) ExtractMatcherSet() (caddy.ModuleMap, error) {
-	matcherSet, hasMatcher, err := h.MatcherToken()
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if hasMatcher {
-		// strip matcher token; we don't need to
-		// use the return value here because a
-		// new dispenser should have been made
-		// solely for this directive's tokens,
-		// with no other uses of same slice
-		h.Dispenser.Delete()
-	}
-	h.Dispenser.Reset() // pretend this lookahead never happened
-	return matcherSet, nil
-}
-
-// NewRoute returns config values relevant to creating a new HTTP route.
-func (h Helper) NewRoute(matcherSet caddy.ModuleMap,
-	handler caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler,
-) []ConfigValue {
-	mod, err := caddy.GetModule(caddy.GetModuleID(handler))
-	if err != nil {
-		*h.warnings = append(*h.warnings, caddyconfig.Warning{
-			File:    h.File(),
-			Line:    h.Line(),
-			Message: err.Error(),
-		})
-		return nil
-	}
-	var matcherSetsRaw []caddy.ModuleMap
-	if matcherSet != nil {
-		matcherSetsRaw = append(matcherSetsRaw, matcherSet)
-	}
-	return []ConfigValue{
-		{
-			Class: "route",
-			Value: caddyhttp.Route{
-				MatcherSetsRaw: matcherSetsRaw,
-				HandlersRaw:    []json.RawMessage{caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(handler, "handler", mod.ID.Name(), h.warnings)},
-			},
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-// GroupRoutes adds the routes (caddyhttp.Route type) in vals to the
-// same group, if there is more than one route in vals.
-func (h Helper) GroupRoutes(vals []ConfigValue) {
-	// ensure there's at least two routes; group of one is pointless
-	var count int
-	for _, v := range vals {
-		if _, ok := v.Value.(caddyhttp.Route); ok {
-			count++
-			if count > 1 {
-				break
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if count < 2 {
-		return
-	}
-
-	// now that we know the group will have some effect, do it
-	groupName := h.groupCounter.nextGroup()
-	for i := range vals {
-		if route, ok := vals[i].Value.(caddyhttp.Route); ok {
-			route.Group = groupName
-			vals[i].Value = route
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-// WithDispenser returns a new instance based on d. All others Helper
-// fields are copied, so typically maps are shared with this new instance.
-func (h Helper) WithDispenser(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) Helper {
-	h.Dispenser = d
-	return h
-}
-
-// ParseSegmentAsSubroute parses the segment such that its subdirectives
-// are themselves treated as directives, from which a subroute is built
-// and returned.
-func ParseSegmentAsSubroute(h Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error) {
-	allResults, err := parseSegmentAsConfig(h)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	return buildSubroute(allResults, h.groupCounter, true)
-}
-
-// parseSegmentAsConfig parses the segment such that its subdirectives
-// are themselves treated as directives, including named matcher definitions,
-// and the raw Config structs are returned.
-func parseSegmentAsConfig(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error) {
-	var allResults []ConfigValue
-
-	for h.Next() {
-		// don't allow non-matcher args on the first line
-		if h.NextArg() {
-			return nil, h.ArgErr()
-		}
-
-		// slice the linear list of tokens into top-level segments
-		var segments []caddyfile.Segment
-		for nesting := h.Nesting(); h.NextBlock(nesting); {
-			segments = append(segments, h.NextSegment())
-		}
-
-		// copy existing matcher definitions so we can augment
-		// new ones that are defined only in this scope
-		matcherDefs := make(map[string]caddy.ModuleMap, len(h.matcherDefs))
-		for key, val := range h.matcherDefs {
-			matcherDefs[key] = val
-		}
-
-		// find and extract any embedded matcher definitions in this scope
-		for i := 0; i < len(segments); i++ {
-			seg := segments[i]
-			if strings.HasPrefix(seg.Directive(), matcherPrefix) {
-				// parse, then add the matcher to matcherDefs
-				err := parseMatcherDefinitions(caddyfile.NewDispenser(seg), matcherDefs)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				// remove the matcher segment (consumed), then step back the loop
-				segments = append(segments[:i], segments[i+1:]...)
-				i--
-			}
-		}
-
-		// with matchers ready to go, evaluate each directive's segment
-		for _, seg := range segments {
-			dir := seg.Directive()
-			dirFunc, ok := registeredDirectives[dir]
-			if !ok {
-				return nil, h.Errf("unrecognized directive: %s - are you sure your Caddyfile structure (nesting and braces) is correct?", dir)
-			}
-
-			subHelper := h
-			subHelper.Dispenser = caddyfile.NewDispenser(seg)
-			subHelper.matcherDefs = matcherDefs
-
-			results, err := dirFunc(subHelper)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, h.Errf("parsing caddyfile tokens for '%s': %v", dir, err)
-			}
-
-			dir = normalizeDirectiveName(dir)
-
-			for _, result := range results {
-				result.directive = dir
-				allResults = append(allResults, result)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return allResults, nil
-}
-
-// ConfigValue represents a value to be added to the final
-// configuration, or a value to be consulted when building
-// the final configuration.
-type ConfigValue struct {
-	// The kind of value this is. As the config is
-	// being built, the adapter will look in the
-	// "pile" for values belonging to a certain
-	// class when it is setting up a certain part
-	// of the config. The associated value will be
-	// type-asserted and placed accordingly.
-	Class string
-
-	// The value to be used when building the config.
-	// Generally its type is associated with the
-	// name of the Class.
-	Value any
-
-	directive string
-}
-
-func sortRoutes(routes []ConfigValue) {
-	dirPositions := make(map[string]int)
-	for i, dir := range directiveOrder {
-		dirPositions[dir] = i
-	}
-
-	sort.SliceStable(routes, func(i, j int) bool {
-		// if the directives are different, just use the established directive order
-		iDir, jDir := routes[i].directive, routes[j].directive
-		if iDir != jDir {
-			return dirPositions[iDir] < dirPositions[jDir]
-		}
-
-		// directives are the same; sub-sort by path matcher length if there's
-		// only one matcher set and one path (this is a very common case and
-		// usually -- but not always -- helpful/expected, oh well; user can
-		// always take manual control of order using handler or route blocks)
-		iRoute, ok := routes[i].Value.(caddyhttp.Route)
-		if !ok {
-			return false
-		}
-		jRoute, ok := routes[j].Value.(caddyhttp.Route)
-		if !ok {
-			return false
-		}
-
-		// decode the path matchers if there is just one matcher set
-		var iPM, jPM caddyhttp.MatchPath
-		if len(iRoute.MatcherSetsRaw) == 1 {
-			_ = json.Unmarshal(iRoute.MatcherSetsRaw[0]["path"], &iPM)
-		}
-		if len(jRoute.MatcherSetsRaw) == 1 {
-			_ = json.Unmarshal(jRoute.MatcherSetsRaw[0]["path"], &jPM)
-		}
-
-		// if there is only one path in the path matcher, sort by longer path
-		// (more specific) first; missing path matchers or multi-matchers are
-		// treated as zero-length paths
-		var iPathLen, jPathLen int
-		if len(iPM) == 1 {
-			iPathLen = len(iPM[0])
-		}
-		if len(jPM) == 1 {
-			jPathLen = len(jPM[0])
-		}
-
-		sortByPath := func() bool {
-			// we can only confidently compare path lengths if both
-			// directives have a single path to match (issue #5037)
-			if iPathLen > 0 && jPathLen > 0 {
-				// if both paths are the same except for a trailing wildcard,
-				// sort by the shorter path first (which is more specific)
-				if strings.TrimSuffix(iPM[0], "*") == strings.TrimSuffix(jPM[0], "*") {
-					return iPathLen < jPathLen
-				}
-
-				// sort most-specific (longest) path first
-				return iPathLen > jPathLen
-			}
-
-			// if both directives don't have a single path to compare,
-			// sort whichever one has a matcher first; if both have
-			// a matcher, sort equally (stable sort preserves order)
-			return len(iRoute.MatcherSetsRaw) > 0 && len(jRoute.MatcherSetsRaw) == 0
-		}()
-
-		// some directives involve setting values which can overwrite
-		// each other, so it makes most sense to reverse the order so
-		// that the least-specific matcher is first, allowing the last
-		// matching one to win
-		if iDir == "vars" {
-			return !sortByPath
-		}
-
-		// everything else is most-specific matcher first
-		return sortByPath
-	})
-}
-
-// serverBlock pairs a Caddyfile server block with
-// a "pile" of config values, keyed by class name,
-// as well as its parsed keys for convenience.
-type serverBlock struct {
-	block      caddyfile.ServerBlock
-	pile       map[string][]ConfigValue // config values obtained from directives
-	parsedKeys []Address
-}
-
-// hostsFromKeys returns a list of all the non-empty hostnames found in
-// the keys of the server block sb. If logger mode is false, a key with
-// an empty hostname portion will return an empty slice, since that
-// server block is interpreted to effectively match all hosts. An empty
-// string is never added to the slice.
-//
-// If loggerMode is true, then the non-standard ports of keys will be
-// joined to the hostnames. This is to effectively match the Host
-// header of requests that come in for that key.
-//
-// The resulting slice is not sorted but will never have duplicates.
-func (sb serverBlock) hostsFromKeys(loggerMode bool) []string {
-	// ensure each entry in our list is unique
-	hostMap := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for _, addr := range sb.parsedKeys {
-		if addr.Host == "" {
-			if !loggerMode {
-				// server block contains a key like ":443", i.e. the host portion
-				// is empty / catch-all, which means to match all hosts
-				return []string{}
-			}
-			// never append an empty string
-			continue
-		}
-		if loggerMode &&
-			addr.Port != "" &&
-			addr.Port != strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPPort) &&
-			addr.Port != strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPSPort) {
-			hostMap[net.JoinHostPort(addr.Host, addr.Port)] = struct{}{}
-		} else {
-			hostMap[addr.Host] = struct{}{}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// convert map to slice
-	sblockHosts := make([]string, 0, len(hostMap))
-	for host := range hostMap {
-		sblockHosts = append(sblockHosts, host)
-	}
-
-	return sblockHosts
-}
-
-func (sb serverBlock) hostsFromKeysNotHTTP(httpPort string) []string {
-	// ensure each entry in our list is unique
-	hostMap := make(map[string]struct{})
-	for _, addr := range sb.parsedKeys {
-		if addr.Host == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if addr.Scheme != "http" && addr.Port != httpPort {
-			hostMap[addr.Host] = struct{}{}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// convert map to slice
-	sblockHosts := make([]string, 0, len(hostMap))
-	for host := range hostMap {
-		sblockHosts = append(sblockHosts, host)
-	}
-
-	return sblockHosts
-}
-
-// hasHostCatchAllKey returns true if sb has a key that
-// omits a host portion, i.e. it "catches all" hosts.
-func (sb serverBlock) hasHostCatchAllKey() bool {
-	return slices.ContainsFunc(sb.parsedKeys, func(addr Address) bool {
-		return addr.Host == ""
-	})
-}
-
-// isAllHTTP returns true if all sb keys explicitly specify
-// the http:// scheme
-func (sb serverBlock) isAllHTTP() bool {
-	return !slices.ContainsFunc(sb.parsedKeys, func(addr Address) bool {
-		return addr.Scheme != "http"
-	})
-}
-
-// Positional are the supported modes for ordering directives.
-type Positional string
-
-const (
-	Before Positional = "before"
-	After  Positional = "after"
-	First  Positional = "first"
-	Last   Positional = "last"
-)
-
-type (
-	// UnmarshalFunc is a function which can unmarshal Caddyfile
-	// tokens into zero or more config values using a Helper type.
-	// These are passed in a call to RegisterDirective.
-	UnmarshalFunc func(h Helper) ([]ConfigValue, error)
-
-	// UnmarshalHandlerFunc is like UnmarshalFunc, except the
-	// output of the unmarshaling is an HTTP handler. This
-	// function does not need to deal with HTTP request matching
-	// which is abstracted away. Since writing HTTP handlers
-	// with Caddyfile support is very common, this is a more
-	// convenient way to add a handler to the chain since a lot
-	// of the details common to HTTP handlers are taken care of
-	// for you. These are passed to a call to
-	// RegisterHandlerDirective.
-	UnmarshalHandlerFunc func(h Helper) (caddyhttp.MiddlewareHandler, error)
-
-	// UnmarshalGlobalFunc is a function which can unmarshal Caddyfile
-	// tokens from a global option. It is passed the tokens to parse and
-	// existing value from the previous instance of this global option
-	// (if any). It returns the value to associate with this global option.
-	UnmarshalGlobalFunc func(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, existingVal any) (any, error)
-)
-
-var registeredDirectives = make(map[string]UnmarshalFunc)
-
-var registeredGlobalOptions = make(map[string]UnmarshalGlobalFunc)
@@ -1,97 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"reflect"
-	"sort"
-	"testing"
-)
-
-func TestHostsFromKeys(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		keys             []Address
-		expectNormalMode []string
-		expectLoggerMode []string
-	}{
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "foo", Host: "foo"},
-			},
-			[]string{"foo"},
-			[]string{"foo"},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "foo", Host: "foo"},
-				{Original: "bar", Host: "bar"},
-			},
-			[]string{"bar", "foo"},
-			[]string{"bar", "foo"},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: ":2015", Port: "2015"},
-			},
-			[]string{},
-			[]string{},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: ":443", Port: "443"},
-			},
-			[]string{},
-			[]string{},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "foo", Host: "foo"},
-				{Original: ":2015", Port: "2015"},
-			},
-			[]string{},
-			[]string{"foo"},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "example.com:2015", Host: "example.com", Port: "2015"},
-			},
-			[]string{"example.com"},
-			[]string{"example.com:2015"},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "example.com:80", Host: "example.com", Port: "80"},
-			},
-			[]string{"example.com"},
-			[]string{"example.com"},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "https://:2015/foo", Scheme: "https", Port: "2015", Path: "/foo"},
-			},
-			[]string{},
-			[]string{},
-		},
-		{
-			[]Address{
-				{Original: "https://example.com:2015/foo", Scheme: "https", Host: "example.com", Port: "2015", Path: "/foo"},
-			},
-			[]string{"example.com"},
-			[]string{"example.com:2015"},
-		},
-	} {
-		sb := serverBlock{parsedKeys: tc.keys}
-
-		// test in normal mode
-		actual := sb.hostsFromKeys(false)
-		sort.Strings(actual)
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(tc.expectNormalMode, actual) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (loggerMode=false): Expected: %v Actual: %v", i, tc.expectNormalMode, actual)
-		}
-
-		// test in logger mode
-		actual = sb.hostsFromKeys(true)
-		sort.Strings(actual)
-		if !reflect.DeepEqual(tc.expectLoggerMode, actual) {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (loggerMode=true): Expected: %v Actual: %v", i, tc.expectLoggerMode, actual)
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,211 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-)
-
-func TestMatcherSyntax(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input       string
-		expectError bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input: `http://localhost
-			@debug {
-				query showdebug=1
-			}
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `http://localhost
-			@debug {
-				query bad format
-			}
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `http://localhost
-			@debug {
-				not {
-					path /somepath*
-				}
-			}
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `http://localhost
-			@debug {
-				not path /somepath*
-			}
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `http://localhost
-			@debug not path /somepath*
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `@matcher {
-				path /matcher-not-allowed/outside-of-site-block/*
-			}
-			http://localhost
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-	} {
-
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		_, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if err != nil != tc.expectError {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed Expected: %v, got %s", i, tc.expectError, err)
-			continue
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestSpecificity(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input  string
-		expect int
-	}{
-		{"", 0},
-		{"*", 0},
-		{"*.*", 1},
-		{"{placeholder}", 0},
-		{"/{placeholder}", 1},
-		{"foo", 3},
-		{"example.com", 11},
-		{"a.example.com", 13},
-		{"*.example.com", 12},
-		{"/foo", 4},
-		{"/foo*", 4},
-		{"{placeholder}.example.com", 12},
-		{"{placeholder.example.com", 24},
-		{"}.", 2},
-		{"}{", 2},
-		{"{}", 0},
-		{"{{{}}", 1},
-	} {
-		actual := specificity(tc.input)
-		if actual != tc.expect {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d (%s): Expected %d but got %d", i, tc.input, tc.expect, actual)
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func TestGlobalOptions(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input       string
-		expectError bool
-	}{
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					email test@example.com
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin off
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin 127.0.0.1:2020
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin {
-						disabled false
-					}
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin {
-						enforce_origin
-						origins 192.168.1.1:2020 127.0.0.1:2020
-					}
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin 127.0.0.1:2020 {
-						enforce_origin
-						origins 192.168.1.1:2020 127.0.0.1:2020
-					}
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin 192.168.1.1:2020 127.0.0.1:2020 {
-						enforce_origin
-						origins 192.168.1.1:2020 127.0.0.1:2020
-					}
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `
-				{
-					admin off {
-						enforce_origin
-						origins 192.168.1.1:2020 127.0.0.1:2020
-					}
-				}
-				:80
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-	} {
-
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		_, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if err != nil != tc.expectError {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed Expected: %v, got %s", i, tc.expectError, err)
-			continue
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,572 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"slices"
-	"strconv"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/certmagic"
-	"github.com/mholt/acmez/v2/acme"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddytls"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	RegisterGlobalOption("debug", parseOptTrue)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("http_port", parseOptHTTPPort)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("https_port", parseOptHTTPSPort)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("default_bind", parseOptDefaultBind)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("grace_period", parseOptDuration)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("shutdown_delay", parseOptDuration)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("default_sni", parseOptSingleString)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("fallback_sni", parseOptSingleString)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("order", parseOptOrder)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("storage", parseOptStorage)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("storage_check", parseStorageCheck)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("storage_clean_interval", parseStorageCleanInterval)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("renew_interval", parseOptDuration)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("ocsp_interval", parseOptDuration)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("acme_ca", parseOptSingleString)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("acme_ca_root", parseOptSingleString)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("acme_dns", parseOptACMEDNS)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("acme_eab", parseOptACMEEAB)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("cert_issuer", parseOptCertIssuer)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("skip_install_trust", parseOptTrue)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("email", parseOptSingleString)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("admin", parseOptAdmin)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("on_demand_tls", parseOptOnDemand)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("local_certs", parseOptTrue)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("key_type", parseOptSingleString)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("auto_https", parseOptAutoHTTPS)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("metrics", parseMetricsOptions)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("servers", parseServerOptions)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("ocsp_stapling", parseOCSPStaplingOptions)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("cert_lifetime", parseOptDuration)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("log", parseLogOptions)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("preferred_chains", parseOptPreferredChains)
-	RegisterGlobalOption("persist_config", parseOptPersistConfig)
-}
-
-func parseOptTrue(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) { return true, nil }
-
-func parseOptHTTPPort(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	var httpPort int
-	var httpPortStr string
-	if !d.AllArgs(&httpPortStr) {
-		return 0, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	var err error
-	httpPort, err = strconv.Atoi(httpPortStr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, d.Errf("converting port '%s' to integer value: %v", httpPortStr, err)
-	}
-	return httpPort, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptHTTPSPort(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	var httpsPort int
-	var httpsPortStr string
-	if !d.AllArgs(&httpsPortStr) {
-		return 0, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	var err error
-	httpsPort, err = strconv.Atoi(httpsPortStr)
-	if err != nil {
-		return 0, d.Errf("converting port '%s' to integer value: %v", httpsPortStr, err)
-	}
-	return httpsPort, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptOrder(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-
-	// get directive name
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	dirName := d.Val()
-	if _, ok := registeredDirectives[dirName]; !ok {
-		return nil, d.Errf("%s is not a registered directive", dirName)
-	}
-
-	// get positional token
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	pos := Positional(d.Val())
-
-	// if directive already had an order, drop it
-	newOrder := slices.DeleteFunc(directiveOrder, func(d string) bool {
-		return d == dirName
-	})
-
-	// act on the positional; if it's First or Last, we're done right away
-	switch pos {
-	case First:
-		newOrder = append([]string{dirName}, newOrder...)
-		if d.NextArg() {
-			return nil, d.ArgErr()
-		}
-		directiveOrder = newOrder
-		return newOrder, nil
-
-	case Last:
-		newOrder = append(newOrder, dirName)
-		if d.NextArg() {
-			return nil, d.ArgErr()
-		}
-		directiveOrder = newOrder
-		return newOrder, nil
-
-	// if it's Before or After, continue
-	case Before:
-	case After:
-
-	default:
-		return nil, d.Errf("unknown positional '%s'", pos)
-	}
-
-	// get name of other directive
-	if !d.NextArg() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	otherDir := d.Val()
-	if d.NextArg() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-
-	// get the position of the target directive
-	targetIndex := slices.Index(newOrder, otherDir)
-	if targetIndex == -1 {
-		return nil, d.Errf("directive '%s' not found", otherDir)
-	}
-	// if we're inserting after, we need to increment the index to go after
-	if pos == After {
-		targetIndex++
-	}
-	// insert the directive into the new order
-	newOrder = slices.Insert(newOrder, targetIndex, dirName)
-
-	directiveOrder = newOrder
-
-	return newOrder, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptStorage(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	if !d.Next() { // consume option name
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if !d.Next() { // get storage module name
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	modID := "caddy.storage." + d.Val()
-	unm, err := caddyfile.UnmarshalModule(d, modID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	storage, ok := unm.(caddy.StorageConverter)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, d.Errf("module %s is not a caddy.StorageConverter", modID)
-	}
-	return storage, nil
-}
-
-func parseStorageCheck(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	val := d.Val()
-	if d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if val != "off" {
-		return "", d.Errf("storage_check must be 'off'")
-	}
-	return val, nil
-}
-
-func parseStorageCleanInterval(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	val := d.Val()
-	if d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if val == "off" {
-		return false, nil
-	}
-	dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, d.Errf("failed to parse storage_clean_interval, must be a duration or 'off' %w", err)
-	}
-	return caddy.Duration(dur), nil
-}
-
-func parseOptDuration(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	if !d.Next() { // consume option name
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if !d.Next() { // get duration value
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return caddy.Duration(dur), nil
-}
-
-func parseOptACMEDNS(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	if !d.Next() { // consume option name
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if !d.Next() { // get DNS module name
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	modID := "dns.providers." + d.Val()
-	unm, err := caddyfile.UnmarshalModule(d, modID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	prov, ok := unm.(certmagic.DNSProvider)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, d.Errf("module %s (%T) is not a certmagic.DNSProvider", modID, unm)
-	}
-	return prov, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptACMEEAB(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	eab := new(acme.EAB)
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	if d.NextArg() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "key_id":
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			eab.KeyID = d.Val()
-
-		case "mac_key":
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			eab.MACKey = d.Val()
-
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized parameter '%s'", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-	return eab, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptCertIssuer(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, existing any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-
-	var issuers []certmagic.Issuer
-	if existing != nil {
-		issuers = existing.([]certmagic.Issuer)
-	}
-
-	// get issuer module name
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	modID := "tls.issuance." + d.Val()
-	unm, err := caddyfile.UnmarshalModule(d, modID)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	iss, ok := unm.(certmagic.Issuer)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil, d.Errf("module %s (%T) is not a certmagic.Issuer", modID, unm)
-	}
-	issuers = append(issuers, iss)
-	return issuers, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptSingleString(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	val := d.Val()
-	if d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	return val, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptDefaultBind(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-
-	var addresses, protocols []string
-	addresses = d.RemainingArgs()
-
-	if len(addresses) == 0 {
-		addresses = append(addresses, "")
-	}
-
-	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "protocols":
-			protocols = d.RemainingArgs()
-			if len(protocols) == 0 {
-				return nil, d.Errf("protocols requires one or more arguments")
-			}
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unknown subdirective: %s", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-
-	return []ConfigValue{{Class: "bind", Value: addressesWithProtocols{
-		addresses: addresses,
-		protocols: protocols,
-	}}}, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptAdmin(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-
-	adminCfg := new(caddy.AdminConfig)
-	if d.NextArg() {
-		listenAddress := d.Val()
-		if listenAddress == "off" {
-			adminCfg.Disabled = true
-			if d.Next() { // Do not accept any remaining options including block
-				return nil, d.Err("No more option is allowed after turning off admin config")
-			}
-		} else {
-			adminCfg.Listen = listenAddress
-			if d.NextArg() { // At most 1 arg is allowed
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "enforce_origin":
-			adminCfg.EnforceOrigin = true
-
-		case "origins":
-			adminCfg.Origins = d.RemainingArgs()
-
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized parameter '%s'", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-	if adminCfg.Listen == "" && !adminCfg.Disabled {
-		adminCfg.Listen = caddy.DefaultAdminListen
-	}
-	return adminCfg, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptOnDemand(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	if d.NextArg() {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-
-	var ond *caddytls.OnDemandConfig
-
-	for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "ask":
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			if ond == nil {
-				ond = new(caddytls.OnDemandConfig)
-			}
-			if ond.PermissionRaw != nil {
-				return nil, d.Err("on-demand TLS permission module (or 'ask') already specified")
-			}
-			perm := caddytls.PermissionByHTTP{Endpoint: d.Val()}
-			ond.PermissionRaw = caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(perm, "module", "http", nil)
-
-		case "permission":
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			if ond == nil {
-				ond = new(caddytls.OnDemandConfig)
-			}
-			if ond.PermissionRaw != nil {
-				return nil, d.Err("on-demand TLS permission module (or 'ask') already specified")
-			}
-			modName := d.Val()
-			modID := "tls.permission." + modName
-			unm, err := caddyfile.UnmarshalModule(d, modID)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			perm, ok := unm.(caddytls.OnDemandPermission)
-			if !ok {
-				return nil, d.Errf("module %s (%T) is not an on-demand TLS permission module", modID, unm)
-			}
-			ond.PermissionRaw = caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(perm, "module", modName, nil)
-
-		case "interval":
-			return nil, d.Errf("the on_demand_tls 'interval' option is no longer supported, remove it from your config")
-
-		case "burst":
-			return nil, d.Errf("the on_demand_tls 'burst' option is no longer supported, remove it from your config")
-
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized parameter '%s'", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-	if ond == nil {
-		return nil, d.Err("expected at least one config parameter for on_demand_tls")
-	}
-	return ond, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptPersistConfig(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	if !d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	val := d.Val()
-	if d.Next() {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if val != "off" {
-		return "", d.Errf("persist_config must be 'off'")
-	}
-	return val, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptAutoHTTPS(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	val := d.RemainingArgs()
-	if len(val) == 0 {
-		return "", d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	for _, v := range val {
-		switch v {
-		case "off":
-		case "disable_redirects":
-		case "disable_certs":
-		case "ignore_loaded_certs":
-		case "prefer_wildcard":
-			break
-
-		default:
-			return "", d.Errf("auto_https must be one of 'off', 'disable_redirects', 'disable_certs', 'ignore_loaded_certs', or 'prefer_wildcard'")
-		}
-	}
-	return val, nil
-}
-
-func unmarshalCaddyfileMetricsOptions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	metrics := new(caddyhttp.Metrics)
-	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "per_host":
-			metrics.PerHost = true
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized servers option '%s'", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-	return metrics, nil
-}
-
-func parseMetricsOptions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	return unmarshalCaddyfileMetricsOptions(d)
-}
-
-func parseServerOptions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	return unmarshalCaddyfileServerOptions(d)
-}
-
-func parseOCSPStaplingOptions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-	var val string
-	if !d.AllArgs(&val) {
-		return nil, d.ArgErr()
-	}
-	if val != "off" {
-		return nil, d.Errf("invalid argument '%s'", val)
-	}
-	return certmagic.OCSPConfig{
-		DisableStapling: val == "off",
-	}, nil
-}
-
-// parseLogOptions parses the global log option. Syntax:
-//
-//	log [name] {
-//	    output  <writer_module> ...
-//	    format  <encoder_module> ...
-//	    level   <level>
-//	    include <namespaces...>
-//	    exclude <namespaces...>
-//	}
-//
-// When the name argument is unspecified, this directive modifies the default
-// logger.
-func parseLogOptions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, existingVal any) (any, error) {
-	currentNames := make(map[string]struct{})
-	if existingVal != nil {
-		innerVals, ok := existingVal.([]ConfigValue)
-		if !ok {
-			return nil, d.Errf("existing log values of unexpected type: %T", existingVal)
-		}
-		for _, rawVal := range innerVals {
-			val, ok := rawVal.Value.(namedCustomLog)
-			if !ok {
-				return nil, d.Errf("existing log value of unexpected type: %T", existingVal)
-			}
-			currentNames[val.name] = struct{}{}
-		}
-	}
-
-	var warnings []caddyconfig.Warning
-	// Call out the same parser that handles server-specific log configuration.
-	configValues, err := parseLogHelper(
-		Helper{
-			Dispenser: d,
-			warnings:  &warnings,
-		},
-		currentNames,
-	)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	if len(warnings) > 0 {
-		return nil, d.Errf("warnings found in parsing global log options: %+v", warnings)
-	}
-
-	return configValues, nil
-}
-
-func parseOptPreferredChains(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, _ any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next()
-	return caddytls.ParseCaddyfilePreferredChainsOptions(d)
-}
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	_ "github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/logging"
-)
-
-func TestGlobalLogOptionSyntax(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, tc := range []struct {
-		input       string
-		output      string
-		expectError bool
-	}{
-		// NOTE: Additional test cases of successful Caddyfile parsing
-		// are present in: caddytest/integration/caddyfile_adapt/
-		{
-			input: `{
-				log default
-			}
-			`,
-			output:      `{}`,
-			expectError: false,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `{
-				log example {
-					output file foo.log
-				}
-				log example {
-					format json
-				}
-			}
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-		{
-			input: `{
-				log example /foo {
-					output file foo.log
-				}
-			}
-			`,
-			expectError: true,
-		},
-	} {
-
-		adapter := caddyfile.Adapter{
-			ServerType: ServerType{},
-		}
-
-		out, _, err := adapter.Adapt([]byte(tc.input), nil)
-
-		if err != nil != tc.expectError {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error expectation failed Expected: %v, got %v", i, tc.expectError, err)
-			continue
-		}
-
-		if string(out) != tc.output {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d error output mismatch Expected: %s, got %s", i, tc.output, out)
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,229 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddypki"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	RegisterGlobalOption("pki", parsePKIApp)
-}
-
-// parsePKIApp parses the global log option. Syntax:
-//
-//	pki {
-//	    ca [<id>] {
-//	        name                  <name>
-//	        root_cn               <name>
-//	        intermediate_cn       <name>
-//	        intermediate_lifetime <duration>
-//	        root {
-//	            cert   <path>
-//	            key    <path>
-//	            format <format>
-//	        }
-//	        intermediate {
-//	            cert   <path>
-//	            key    <path>
-//	            format <format>
-//	        }
-//	    }
-//	}
-//
-// When the CA ID is unspecified, 'local' is assumed.
-func parsePKIApp(d *caddyfile.Dispenser, existingVal any) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume app name
-
-	pki := &caddypki.PKI{
-		CAs: make(map[string]*caddypki.CA),
-	}
-	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "ca":
-			pkiCa := new(caddypki.CA)
-			if d.NextArg() {
-				pkiCa.ID = d.Val()
-				if d.NextArg() {
-					return nil, d.ArgErr()
-				}
-			}
-			if pkiCa.ID == "" {
-				pkiCa.ID = caddypki.DefaultCAID
-			}
-
-			for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-				switch d.Val() {
-				case "name":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					pkiCa.Name = d.Val()
-
-				case "root_cn":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					pkiCa.RootCommonName = d.Val()
-
-				case "intermediate_cn":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					pkiCa.IntermediateCommonName = d.Val()
-
-				case "intermediate_lifetime":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, err
-					}
-					pkiCa.IntermediateLifetime = caddy.Duration(dur)
-
-				case "root":
-					if pkiCa.Root == nil {
-						pkiCa.Root = new(caddypki.KeyPair)
-					}
-					for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-						switch d.Val() {
-						case "cert":
-							if !d.NextArg() {
-								return nil, d.ArgErr()
-							}
-							pkiCa.Root.Certificate = d.Val()
-
-						case "key":
-							if !d.NextArg() {
-								return nil, d.ArgErr()
-							}
-							pkiCa.Root.PrivateKey = d.Val()
-
-						case "format":
-							if !d.NextArg() {
-								return nil, d.ArgErr()
-							}
-							pkiCa.Root.Format = d.Val()
-
-						default:
-							return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized pki ca root option '%s'", d.Val())
-						}
-					}
-
-				case "intermediate":
-					if pkiCa.Intermediate == nil {
-						pkiCa.Intermediate = new(caddypki.KeyPair)
-					}
-					for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-						switch d.Val() {
-						case "cert":
-							if !d.NextArg() {
-								return nil, d.ArgErr()
-							}
-							pkiCa.Intermediate.Certificate = d.Val()
-
-						case "key":
-							if !d.NextArg() {
-								return nil, d.ArgErr()
-							}
-							pkiCa.Intermediate.PrivateKey = d.Val()
-
-						case "format":
-							if !d.NextArg() {
-								return nil, d.ArgErr()
-							}
-							pkiCa.Intermediate.Format = d.Val()
-
-						default:
-							return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized pki ca intermediate option '%s'", d.Val())
-						}
-					}
-
-				default:
-					return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized pki ca option '%s'", d.Val())
-				}
-			}
-
-			pki.CAs[pkiCa.ID] = pkiCa
-
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized pki option '%s'", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-	return pki, nil
-}
-
-func (st ServerType) buildPKIApp(
-	pairings []sbAddrAssociation,
-	options map[string]any,
-	warnings []caddyconfig.Warning,
-) (*caddypki.PKI, []caddyconfig.Warning, error) {
-	skipInstallTrust := false
-	if _, ok := options["skip_install_trust"]; ok {
-		skipInstallTrust = true
-	}
-	falseBool := false
-
-	// Load the PKI app configured via global options
-	var pkiApp *caddypki.PKI
-	unwrappedPki, ok := options["pki"].(*caddypki.PKI)
-	if ok {
-		pkiApp = unwrappedPki
-	} else {
-		pkiApp = &caddypki.PKI{CAs: make(map[string]*caddypki.CA)}
-	}
-	for _, ca := range pkiApp.CAs {
-		if skipInstallTrust {
-			ca.InstallTrust = &falseBool
-		}
-		pkiApp.CAs[ca.ID] = ca
-	}
-
-	// Add in the CAs configured via directives
-	for _, p := range pairings {
-		for _, sblock := range p.serverBlocks {
-			// find all the CAs that were defined and add them to the app config
-			// i.e. from any "acme_server" directives
-			for _, caCfgValue := range sblock.pile["pki.ca"] {
-				ca := caCfgValue.Value.(*caddypki.CA)
-				if skipInstallTrust {
-					ca.InstallTrust = &falseBool
-				}
-
-				// the CA might already exist from global options, so
-				// don't overwrite it in that case
-				if _, ok := pkiApp.CAs[ca.ID]; !ok {
-					pkiApp.CAs[ca.ID] = ca
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// if there was no CAs defined in any of the servers,
-	// and we were requested to not install trust, then
-	// add one for the default/local CA to do so
-	if len(pkiApp.CAs) == 0 && skipInstallTrust {
-		ca := new(caddypki.CA)
-		ca.ID = caddypki.DefaultCAID
-		ca.InstallTrust = &falseBool
-		pkiApp.CAs[ca.ID] = ca
-	}
-
-	return pkiApp, warnings, nil
-}
@@ -1,344 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"slices"
-
-	"github.com/dustin/go-humanize"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
-)
-
-// serverOptions collects server config overrides parsed from Caddyfile global options
-type serverOptions struct {
-	// If set, will only apply these options to servers that contain a
-	// listener address that matches exactly. If empty, will apply to all
-	// servers that were not already matched by another serverOptions.
-	ListenerAddress string
-
-	// These will all map 1:1 to the caddyhttp.Server struct
-	Name                 string
-	ListenerWrappersRaw  []json.RawMessage
-	ReadTimeout          caddy.Duration
-	ReadHeaderTimeout    caddy.Duration
-	WriteTimeout         caddy.Duration
-	IdleTimeout          caddy.Duration
-	KeepAliveInterval    caddy.Duration
-	MaxHeaderBytes       int
-	EnableFullDuplex     bool
-	Protocols            []string
-	StrictSNIHost        *bool
-	TrustedProxiesRaw    json.RawMessage
-	TrustedProxiesStrict int
-	ClientIPHeaders      []string
-	ShouldLogCredentials bool
-	Metrics              *caddyhttp.Metrics
-	Trace                bool // TODO: EXPERIMENTAL
-}
-
-func unmarshalCaddyfileServerOptions(d *caddyfile.Dispenser) (any, error) {
-	d.Next() // consume option name
-
-	serverOpts := serverOptions{}
-	if d.NextArg() {
-		serverOpts.ListenerAddress = d.Val()
-		if d.NextArg() {
-			return nil, d.ArgErr()
-		}
-	}
-	for d.NextBlock(0) {
-		switch d.Val() {
-		case "name":
-			if serverOpts.ListenerAddress == "" {
-				return nil, d.Errf("cannot set a name for a server without a listener address")
-			}
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			serverOpts.Name = d.Val()
-
-		case "listener_wrappers":
-			for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-				modID := "caddy.listeners." + d.Val()
-				unm, err := caddyfile.UnmarshalModule(d, modID)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, err
-				}
-				listenerWrapper, ok := unm.(caddy.ListenerWrapper)
-				if !ok {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("module %s (%T) is not a listener wrapper", modID, unm)
-				}
-				jsonListenerWrapper := caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(
-					listenerWrapper,
-					"wrapper",
-					listenerWrapper.(caddy.Module).CaddyModule().ID.Name(),
-					nil,
-				)
-				serverOpts.ListenerWrappersRaw = append(serverOpts.ListenerWrappersRaw, jsonListenerWrapper)
-			}
-
-		case "timeouts":
-			for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-				switch d.Val() {
-				case "read_body":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, d.Errf("parsing read_body timeout duration: %v", err)
-					}
-					serverOpts.ReadTimeout = caddy.Duration(dur)
-
-				case "read_header":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, d.Errf("parsing read_header timeout duration: %v", err)
-					}
-					serverOpts.ReadHeaderTimeout = caddy.Duration(dur)
-
-				case "write":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, d.Errf("parsing write timeout duration: %v", err)
-					}
-					serverOpts.WriteTimeout = caddy.Duration(dur)
-
-				case "idle":
-					if !d.NextArg() {
-						return nil, d.ArgErr()
-					}
-					dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-					if err != nil {
-						return nil, d.Errf("parsing idle timeout duration: %v", err)
-					}
-					serverOpts.IdleTimeout = caddy.Duration(dur)
-
-				default:
-					return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized timeouts option '%s'", d.Val())
-				}
-			}
-		case "keepalive_interval":
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			dur, err := caddy.ParseDuration(d.Val())
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, d.Errf("parsing keepalive interval duration: %v", err)
-			}
-			serverOpts.KeepAliveInterval = caddy.Duration(dur)
-
-		case "max_header_size":
-			var sizeStr string
-			if !d.AllArgs(&sizeStr) {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			size, err := humanize.ParseBytes(sizeStr)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, d.Errf("parsing max_header_size: %v", err)
-			}
-			serverOpts.MaxHeaderBytes = int(size)
-
-		case "enable_full_duplex":
-			if d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			serverOpts.EnableFullDuplex = true
-
-		case "log_credentials":
-			if d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			serverOpts.ShouldLogCredentials = true
-
-		case "protocols":
-			protos := d.RemainingArgs()
-			for _, proto := range protos {
-				if proto != "h1" && proto != "h2" && proto != "h2c" && proto != "h3" {
-					return nil, d.Errf("unknown protocol '%s': expected h1, h2, h2c, or h3", proto)
-				}
-				if slices.Contains(serverOpts.Protocols, proto) {
-					return nil, d.Errf("protocol %s specified more than once", proto)
-				}
-				serverOpts.Protocols = append(serverOpts.Protocols, proto)
-			}
-			if nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting) {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-
-		case "strict_sni_host":
-			if d.NextArg() && d.Val() != "insecure_off" && d.Val() != "on" {
-				return nil, d.Errf("strict_sni_host only supports 'on' or 'insecure_off', got '%s'", d.Val())
-			}
-			boolVal := true
-			if d.Val() == "insecure_off" {
-				boolVal = false
-			}
-			serverOpts.StrictSNIHost = &boolVal
-
-		case "trusted_proxies":
-			if !d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.Err("trusted_proxies expects an IP range source module name as its first argument")
-			}
-			modID := "http.ip_sources." + d.Val()
-			unm, err := caddyfile.UnmarshalModule(d, modID)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			source, ok := unm.(caddyhttp.IPRangeSource)
-			if !ok {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("module %s (%T) is not an IP range source", modID, unm)
-			}
-			jsonSource := caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(
-				source,
-				"source",
-				source.(caddy.Module).CaddyModule().ID.Name(),
-				nil,
-			)
-			serverOpts.TrustedProxiesRaw = jsonSource
-
-		case "trusted_proxies_strict":
-			if d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			serverOpts.TrustedProxiesStrict = 1
-
-		case "client_ip_headers":
-			headers := d.RemainingArgs()
-			for _, header := range headers {
-				if slices.Contains(serverOpts.ClientIPHeaders, header) {
-					return nil, d.Errf("client IP header %s specified more than once", header)
-				}
-				serverOpts.ClientIPHeaders = append(serverOpts.ClientIPHeaders, header)
-			}
-			if nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting) {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-
-		case "metrics":
-			caddy.Log().Warn("The nested 'metrics' option inside `servers` is deprecated and will be removed in the next major version. Use the global 'metrics' option instead.")
-			serverOpts.Metrics = new(caddyhttp.Metrics)
-			for nesting := d.Nesting(); d.NextBlock(nesting); {
-				switch d.Val() {
-				case "per_host":
-					serverOpts.Metrics.PerHost = true
-				}
-			}
-
-		case "trace":
-			if d.NextArg() {
-				return nil, d.ArgErr()
-			}
-			serverOpts.Trace = true
-
-		default:
-			return nil, d.Errf("unrecognized servers option '%s'", d.Val())
-		}
-	}
-	return serverOpts, nil
-}
-
-// applyServerOptions sets the server options on the appropriate servers
-func applyServerOptions(
-	servers map[string]*caddyhttp.Server,
-	options map[string]any,
-	_ *[]caddyconfig.Warning,
-) error {
-	serverOpts, ok := options["servers"].([]serverOptions)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// check for duplicate names, which would clobber the config
-	existingNames := map[string]bool{}
-	for _, opts := range serverOpts {
-		if opts.Name == "" {
-			continue
-		}
-		if existingNames[opts.Name] {
-			return fmt.Errorf("cannot use duplicate server name '%s'", opts.Name)
-		}
-		existingNames[opts.Name] = true
-	}
-
-	// collect the server name overrides
-	nameReplacements := map[string]string{}
-
-	for key, server := range servers {
-		// find the options that apply to this server
-		optsIndex := slices.IndexFunc(serverOpts, func(s serverOptions) bool {
-			return s.ListenerAddress == "" || slices.Contains(server.Listen, s.ListenerAddress)
-		})
-
-		// if none apply, then move to the next server
-		if optsIndex == -1 {
-			continue
-		}
-		opts := serverOpts[optsIndex]
-
-		// set all the options
-		server.ListenerWrappersRaw = opts.ListenerWrappersRaw
-		server.ReadTimeout = opts.ReadTimeout
-		server.ReadHeaderTimeout = opts.ReadHeaderTimeout
-		server.WriteTimeout = opts.WriteTimeout
-		server.IdleTimeout = opts.IdleTimeout
-		server.KeepAliveInterval = opts.KeepAliveInterval
-		server.MaxHeaderBytes = opts.MaxHeaderBytes
-		server.EnableFullDuplex = opts.EnableFullDuplex
-		server.Protocols = opts.Protocols
-		server.StrictSNIHost = opts.StrictSNIHost
-		server.TrustedProxiesRaw = opts.TrustedProxiesRaw
-		server.ClientIPHeaders = opts.ClientIPHeaders
-		server.TrustedProxiesStrict = opts.TrustedProxiesStrict
-		server.Metrics = opts.Metrics
-		if opts.ShouldLogCredentials {
-			if server.Logs == nil {
-				server.Logs = new(caddyhttp.ServerLogConfig)
-			}
-			server.Logs.ShouldLogCredentials = opts.ShouldLogCredentials
-		}
-		if opts.Trace {
-			// TODO: THIS IS EXPERIMENTAL (MAY 2024)
-			if server.Logs == nil {
-				server.Logs = new(caddyhttp.ServerLogConfig)
-			}
-			server.Logs.Trace = opts.Trace
-		}
-
-		if opts.Name != "" {
-			nameReplacements[key] = opts.Name
-		}
-	}
-
-	// rename the servers if marked to do so
-	for old, new := range nameReplacements {
-		servers[new] = servers[old]
-		delete(servers, old)
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"regexp"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig/caddyfile"
-)
-
-type ComplexShorthandReplacer struct {
-	search  *regexp.Regexp
-	replace string
-}
-
-type ShorthandReplacer struct {
-	complex []ComplexShorthandReplacer
-	simple  *strings.Replacer
-}
-
-func NewShorthandReplacer() ShorthandReplacer {
-	// replace shorthand placeholders (which are convenient
-	// when writing a Caddyfile) with their actual placeholder
-	// identifiers or variable names
-	replacer := strings.NewReplacer(placeholderShorthands()...)
-
-	// these are placeholders that allow a user-defined final
-	// parameters, but we still want to provide a shorthand
-	// for those, so we use a regexp to replace
-	regexpReplacements := []ComplexShorthandReplacer{
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{header\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.request.header.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{cookie\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.request.cookie.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{labels\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.request.host.labels.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{path\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.request.uri.path.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{file\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.request.uri.path.file.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{query\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.request.uri.query.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{re\.([\w-\.]*)}`), "{http.regexp.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{vars\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.vars.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{rp\.([\w-\.]*)}`), "{http.reverse_proxy.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{resp\.([\w-\.]*)}`), "{http.intercept.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{err\.([\w-\.]*)}`), "{http.error.$1}"},
-		{regexp.MustCompile(`{file_match\.([\w-]*)}`), "{http.matchers.file.$1}"},
-	}
-
-	return ShorthandReplacer{
-		complex: regexpReplacements,
-		simple:  replacer,
-	}
-}
-
-// placeholderShorthands returns a slice of old-new string pairs,
-// where the left of the pair is a placeholder shorthand that may
-// be used in the Caddyfile, and the right is the replacement.
-func placeholderShorthands() []string {
-	return []string{
-		"{dir}", "{http.request.uri.path.dir}",
-		"{file}", "{http.request.uri.path.file}",
-		"{host}", "{http.request.host}",
-		"{hostport}", "{http.request.hostport}",
-		"{port}", "{http.request.port}",
-		"{method}", "{http.request.method}",
-		"{path}", "{http.request.uri.path}",
-		"{query}", "{http.request.uri.query}",
-		"{remote}", "{http.request.remote}",
-		"{remote_host}", "{http.request.remote.host}",
-		"{remote_port}", "{http.request.remote.port}",
-		"{scheme}", "{http.request.scheme}",
-		"{uri}", "{http.request.uri}",
-		"{uuid}", "{http.request.uuid}",
-		"{tls_cipher}", "{http.request.tls.cipher_suite}",
-		"{tls_version}", "{http.request.tls.version}",
-		"{tls_client_fingerprint}", "{http.request.tls.client.fingerprint}",
-		"{tls_client_issuer}", "{http.request.tls.client.issuer}",
-		"{tls_client_serial}", "{http.request.tls.client.serial}",
-		"{tls_client_subject}", "{http.request.tls.client.subject}",
-		"{tls_client_certificate_pem}", "{http.request.tls.client.certificate_pem}",
-		"{tls_client_certificate_der_base64}", "{http.request.tls.client.certificate_der_base64}",
-		"{upstream_hostport}", "{http.reverse_proxy.upstream.hostport}",
-		"{client_ip}", "{http.vars.client_ip}",
-	}
-}
-
-// ApplyToSegment replaces shorthand placeholder to its full placeholder, understandable by Caddy.
-func (s ShorthandReplacer) ApplyToSegment(segment *caddyfile.Segment) {
-	if segment != nil {
-		for i := 0; i < len(*segment); i++ {
-			// simple string replacements
-			(*segment)[i].Text = s.simple.Replace((*segment)[i].Text)
-			// complex regexp replacements
-			for _, r := range s.complex {
-				(*segment)[i].Text = r.search.ReplaceAllString((*segment)[i].Text, r.replace)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-(t2) {
-    respond 200 {
-        body {args[:]}
-    }
-}
-
-:8082 {
-    import t2 false
-}
@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-(t1) {
-    respond 200 {
-        body {args[:]}
-    }
-}
-
-:8081 {
-    import t1 false
-}
@@ -1,15 +0,0 @@
-(t1) {
-    respond 200 {
-        body {args[:]}
-    }
-}
-
-:8081 {
-    import t1 false
-}
-
-import import_variadic.txt
-
-:8083 {
-    import t2 true
-}
@@ -1,787 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"reflect"
-	"slices"
-	"sort"
-	"strconv"
-	"strings"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/certmagic"
-	"github.com/mholt/acmez/v2/acme"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/caddyconfig"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddyhttp"
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddytls"
-)
-
-func (st ServerType) buildTLSApp(
-	pairings []sbAddrAssociation,
-	options map[string]any,
-	warnings []caddyconfig.Warning,
-) (*caddytls.TLS, []caddyconfig.Warning, error) {
-	tlsApp := &caddytls.TLS{CertificatesRaw: make(caddy.ModuleMap)}
-	var certLoaders []caddytls.CertificateLoader
-
-	httpPort := strconv.Itoa(caddyhttp.DefaultHTTPPort)
-	if hp, ok := options["http_port"].(int); ok {
-		httpPort = strconv.Itoa(hp)
-	}
-	autoHTTPS := []string{}
-	if ah, ok := options["auto_https"].([]string); ok {
-		autoHTTPS = ah
-	}
-
-	// find all hosts that share a server block with a hostless
-	// key, so that they don't get forgotten/omitted by auto-HTTPS
-	// (since they won't appear in route matchers)
-	httpsHostsSharedWithHostlessKey := make(map[string]struct{})
-	if !slices.Contains(autoHTTPS, "off") {
-		for _, pair := range pairings {
-			for _, sb := range pair.serverBlocks {
-				for _, addr := range sb.parsedKeys {
-					if addr.Host != "" {
-						continue
-					}
-
-					// this server block has a hostless key, now
-					// go through and add all the hosts to the set
-					for _, otherAddr := range sb.parsedKeys {
-						if otherAddr.Original == addr.Original {
-							continue
-						}
-						if otherAddr.Host != "" && otherAddr.Scheme != "http" && otherAddr.Port != httpPort {
-							httpsHostsSharedWithHostlessKey[otherAddr.Host] = struct{}{}
-						}
-					}
-					break
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// a catch-all automation policy is used as a "default" for all subjects that
-	// don't have custom configuration explicitly associated with them; this
-	// is only to add if the global settings or defaults are non-empty
-	catchAllAP, err := newBaseAutomationPolicy(options, warnings, false)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, warnings, err
-	}
-	if catchAllAP != nil {
-		if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-			tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-		}
-		tlsApp.Automation.Policies = append(tlsApp.Automation.Policies, catchAllAP)
-	}
-
-	// collect all hosts that have a wildcard in them, and arent HTTP
-	wildcardHosts := []string{}
-	for _, p := range pairings {
-		var addresses []string
-		for _, addressWithProtocols := range p.addressesWithProtocols {
-			addresses = append(addresses, addressWithProtocols.address)
-		}
-		if !listenersUseAnyPortOtherThan(addresses, httpPort) {
-			continue
-		}
-		for _, sblock := range p.serverBlocks {
-			for _, addr := range sblock.parsedKeys {
-				if strings.HasPrefix(addr.Host, "*.") {
-					wildcardHosts = append(wildcardHosts, addr.Host[2:])
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	for _, p := range pairings {
-		// avoid setting up TLS automation policies for a server that is HTTP-only
-		var addresses []string
-		for _, addressWithProtocols := range p.addressesWithProtocols {
-			addresses = append(addresses, addressWithProtocols.address)
-		}
-		if !listenersUseAnyPortOtherThan(addresses, httpPort) {
-			continue
-		}
-
-		for _, sblock := range p.serverBlocks {
-			// check the scheme of all the site addresses,
-			// skip building AP if they all had http://
-			if sblock.isAllHTTP() {
-				continue
-			}
-
-			// get values that populate an automation policy for this block
-			ap, err := newBaseAutomationPolicy(options, warnings, true)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, warnings, err
-			}
-
-			// make a plain copy so we can compare whether we made any changes
-			apCopy, err := newBaseAutomationPolicy(options, warnings, true)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, warnings, err
-			}
-
-			sblockHosts := sblock.hostsFromKeys(false)
-			if len(sblockHosts) == 0 && catchAllAP != nil {
-				ap = catchAllAP
-			}
-
-			// on-demand tls
-			if _, ok := sblock.pile["tls.on_demand"]; ok {
-				ap.OnDemand = true
-			}
-
-			// reuse private keys tls
-			if _, ok := sblock.pile["tls.reuse_private_keys"]; ok {
-				ap.ReusePrivateKeys = true
-			}
-
-			if keyTypeVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.key_type"]; ok {
-				ap.KeyType = keyTypeVals[0].Value.(string)
-			}
-
-			// certificate issuers
-			if issuerVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.cert_issuer"]; ok {
-				var issuers []certmagic.Issuer
-				for _, issuerVal := range issuerVals {
-					issuers = append(issuers, issuerVal.Value.(certmagic.Issuer))
-				}
-				if ap == catchAllAP && !reflect.DeepEqual(ap.Issuers, issuers) {
-					// this more correctly implements an error check that was removed
-					// below; try it with this config:
-					//
-					// :443 {
-					// 	bind 127.0.0.1
-					// }
-					//
-					// :443 {
-					// 	bind ::1
-					// 	tls {
-					// 		issuer acme
-					// 	}
-					// }
-					return nil, warnings, fmt.Errorf("automation policy from site block is also default/catch-all policy because of key without hostname, and the two are in conflict: %#v != %#v", ap.Issuers, issuers)
-				}
-				ap.Issuers = issuers
-			}
-
-			// certificate managers
-			if certManagerVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.cert_manager"]; ok {
-				for _, certManager := range certManagerVals {
-					certGetterName := certManager.Value.(caddy.Module).CaddyModule().ID.Name()
-					ap.ManagersRaw = append(ap.ManagersRaw, caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(certManager.Value, "via", certGetterName, &warnings))
-				}
-			}
-			// custom bind host
-			for _, cfgVal := range sblock.pile["bind"] {
-				for _, iss := range ap.Issuers {
-					// if an issuer was already configured and it is NOT an ACME issuer,
-					// skip, since we intend to adjust only ACME issuers; ensure we
-					// include any issuer that embeds/wraps an underlying ACME issuer
-					var acmeIssuer *caddytls.ACMEIssuer
-					if acmeWrapper, ok := iss.(acmeCapable); ok {
-						acmeIssuer = acmeWrapper.GetACMEIssuer()
-					}
-					if acmeIssuer == nil {
-						continue
-					}
-
-					// proceed to configure the ACME issuer's bind host, without
-					// overwriting any existing settings
-					if acmeIssuer.Challenges == nil {
-						acmeIssuer.Challenges = new(caddytls.ChallengesConfig)
-					}
-					if acmeIssuer.Challenges.BindHost == "" {
-						// only binding to one host is supported
-						var bindHost string
-						if asserted, ok := cfgVal.Value.(addressesWithProtocols); ok && len(asserted.addresses) > 0 {
-							bindHost = asserted.addresses[0]
-						}
-						acmeIssuer.Challenges.BindHost = bindHost
-					}
-				}
-			}
-
-			// we used to ensure this block is allowed to create an automation policy;
-			// doing so was forbidden if it has a key with no host (i.e. ":443")
-			// and if there is a different server block that also has a key with no
-			// host -- since a key with no host matches any host, we need its
-			// associated automation policy to have an empty Subjects list, i.e. no
-			// host filter, which is indistinguishable between the two server blocks
-			// because automation is not done in the context of a particular server...
-			// this is an example of a poor mapping from Caddyfile to JSON but that's
-			// the least-leaky abstraction I could figure out -- however, this check
-			// was preventing certain listeners, like those provided by plugins, from
-			// being used as desired (see the Tailscale listener plugin), so I removed
-			// the check: and I think since I originally wrote the check I added a new
-			// check above which *properly* detects this ambiguity without breaking the
-			// listener plugin; see the check above with a commented example config
-			if len(sblockHosts) == 0 && catchAllAP == nil {
-				// this server block has a key with no hosts, but there is not yet
-				// a catch-all automation policy (probably because no global options
-				// were set), so this one becomes it
-				catchAllAP = ap
-			}
-
-			hostsNotHTTP := sblock.hostsFromKeysNotHTTP(httpPort)
-			sort.Strings(hostsNotHTTP) // solely for deterministic test results
-
-			// if the we prefer wildcards and the AP is unchanged,
-			// then we can skip this AP because it should be covered
-			// by an AP with a wildcard
-			if slices.Contains(autoHTTPS, "prefer_wildcard") {
-				if hostsCoveredByWildcard(hostsNotHTTP, wildcardHosts) &&
-					reflect.DeepEqual(ap, apCopy) {
-					continue
-				}
-			}
-
-			// associate our new automation policy with this server block's hosts
-			ap.SubjectsRaw = hostsNotHTTP
-
-			// if a combination of public and internal names were given
-			// for this same server block and no issuer was specified, we
-			// need to separate them out in the automation policies so
-			// that the internal names can use the internal issuer and
-			// the other names can use the default/public/ACME issuer
-			var ap2 *caddytls.AutomationPolicy
-			if len(ap.Issuers) == 0 {
-				var internal, external []string
-				for _, s := range ap.SubjectsRaw {
-					// do not create Issuers for Tailscale domains; they will be given a Manager instead
-					if isTailscaleDomain(s) {
-						continue
-					}
-					if !certmagic.SubjectQualifiesForCert(s) {
-						return nil, warnings, fmt.Errorf("subject does not qualify for certificate: '%s'", s)
-					}
-					// we don't use certmagic.SubjectQualifiesForPublicCert() because of one nuance:
-					// names like *.*.tld that may not qualify for a public certificate are actually
-					// fine when used with OnDemand, since OnDemand (currently) does not obtain
-					// wildcards (if it ever does, there will be a separate config option to enable
-					// it that we would need to check here) since the hostname is known at handshake;
-					// and it is unexpected to switch to internal issuer when the user wants to get
-					// regular certificates on-demand for a class of certs like *.*.tld.
-					if subjectQualifiesForPublicCert(ap, s) {
-						external = append(external, s)
-					} else {
-						internal = append(internal, s)
-					}
-				}
-				if len(external) > 0 && len(internal) > 0 {
-					ap.SubjectsRaw = external
-					apCopy := *ap
-					ap2 = &apCopy
-					ap2.SubjectsRaw = internal
-					ap2.IssuersRaw = []json.RawMessage{caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(caddytls.InternalIssuer{}, "module", "internal", &warnings)}
-				}
-			}
-
-			if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-				tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-			}
-			tlsApp.Automation.Policies = append(tlsApp.Automation.Policies, ap)
-			if ap2 != nil {
-				tlsApp.Automation.Policies = append(tlsApp.Automation.Policies, ap2)
-			}
-
-			// certificate loaders
-			if clVals, ok := sblock.pile["tls.cert_loader"]; ok {
-				for _, clVal := range clVals {
-					certLoaders = append(certLoaders, clVal.Value.(caddytls.CertificateLoader))
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// group certificate loaders by module name, then add to config
-	if len(certLoaders) > 0 {
-		loadersByName := make(map[string]caddytls.CertificateLoader)
-		for _, cl := range certLoaders {
-			name := caddy.GetModuleName(cl)
-			// ugh... technically, we may have multiple FileLoader and FolderLoader
-			// modules (because the tls directive returns one per occurrence), but
-			// the config structure expects only one instance of each kind of loader
-			// module, so we have to combine them... instead of enumerating each
-			// possible cert loader module in a type switch, we can use reflection,
-			// which works on any cert loaders that are slice types
-			if reflect.TypeOf(cl).Kind() == reflect.Slice {
-				combined := reflect.ValueOf(loadersByName[name])
-				if !combined.IsValid() {
-					combined = reflect.New(reflect.TypeOf(cl)).Elem()
-				}
-				clVal := reflect.ValueOf(cl)
-				for i := 0; i < clVal.Len(); i++ {
-					combined = reflect.Append(combined, clVal.Index(i))
-				}
-				loadersByName[name] = combined.Interface().(caddytls.CertificateLoader)
-			}
-		}
-		for certLoaderName, loaders := range loadersByName {
-			tlsApp.CertificatesRaw[certLoaderName] = caddyconfig.JSON(loaders, &warnings)
-		}
-	}
-
-	// set any of the on-demand options, for if/when on-demand TLS is enabled
-	if onDemand, ok := options["on_demand_tls"].(*caddytls.OnDemandConfig); ok {
-		if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-			tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-		}
-		tlsApp.Automation.OnDemand = onDemand
-	}
-
-	// if the storage clean interval is a boolean, then it's "off" to disable cleaning
-	if sc, ok := options["storage_check"].(string); ok && sc == "off" {
-		tlsApp.DisableStorageCheck = true
-	}
-
-	// if the storage clean interval is a boolean, then it's "off" to disable cleaning
-	if sci, ok := options["storage_clean_interval"].(bool); ok && !sci {
-		tlsApp.DisableStorageClean = true
-	}
-
-	// set the storage clean interval if configured
-	if storageCleanInterval, ok := options["storage_clean_interval"].(caddy.Duration); ok {
-		if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-			tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-		}
-		tlsApp.Automation.StorageCleanInterval = storageCleanInterval
-	}
-
-	// set the expired certificates renew interval if configured
-	if renewCheckInterval, ok := options["renew_interval"].(caddy.Duration); ok {
-		if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-			tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-		}
-		tlsApp.Automation.RenewCheckInterval = renewCheckInterval
-	}
-
-	// set the OCSP check interval if configured
-	if ocspCheckInterval, ok := options["ocsp_interval"].(caddy.Duration); ok {
-		if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-			tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-		}
-		tlsApp.Automation.OCSPCheckInterval = ocspCheckInterval
-	}
-
-	// set whether OCSP stapling should be disabled for manually-managed certificates
-	if ocspConfig, ok := options["ocsp_stapling"].(certmagic.OCSPConfig); ok {
-		tlsApp.DisableOCSPStapling = ocspConfig.DisableStapling
-	}
-
-	// if any hostnames appear on the same server block as a key with
-	// no host, they will not be used with route matchers because the
-	// hostless key matches all hosts, therefore, it wouldn't be
-	// considered for auto-HTTPS, so we need to make sure those hosts
-	// are manually considered for managed certificates; we also need
-	// to make sure that any of these names which are internal-only
-	// get internal certificates by default rather than ACME
-	var al caddytls.AutomateLoader
-	internalAP := &caddytls.AutomationPolicy{
-		IssuersRaw: []json.RawMessage{json.RawMessage(`{"module":"internal"}`)},
-	}
-	if !slices.Contains(autoHTTPS, "off") && !slices.Contains(autoHTTPS, "disable_certs") {
-		for h := range httpsHostsSharedWithHostlessKey {
-			al = append(al, h)
-			if !certmagic.SubjectQualifiesForPublicCert(h) {
-				internalAP.SubjectsRaw = append(internalAP.SubjectsRaw, h)
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if len(al) > 0 {
-		tlsApp.CertificatesRaw["automate"] = caddyconfig.JSON(al, &warnings)
-	}
-	if len(internalAP.SubjectsRaw) > 0 {
-		if tlsApp.Automation == nil {
-			tlsApp.Automation = new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)
-		}
-		tlsApp.Automation.Policies = append(tlsApp.Automation.Policies, internalAP)
-	}
-
-	// if there are any global options set for issuers (ACME ones in particular), make sure they
-	// take effect in every automation policy that does not have any issuers
-	if tlsApp.Automation != nil {
-		globalEmail := options["email"]
-		globalACMECA := options["acme_ca"]
-		globalACMECARoot := options["acme_ca_root"]
-		globalACMEDNS := options["acme_dns"]
-		globalACMEEAB := options["acme_eab"]
-		globalPreferredChains := options["preferred_chains"]
-		hasGlobalACMEDefaults := globalEmail != nil || globalACMECA != nil || globalACMECARoot != nil || globalACMEDNS != nil || globalACMEEAB != nil || globalPreferredChains != nil
-		if hasGlobalACMEDefaults {
-			for i := 0; i < len(tlsApp.Automation.Policies); i++ {
-				ap := tlsApp.Automation.Policies[i]
-				if len(ap.Issuers) == 0 && automationPolicyHasAllPublicNames(ap) {
-					// for public names, create default issuers which will later be filled in with configured global defaults
-					// (internal names will implicitly use the internal issuer at auto-https time)
-					emailStr, _ := globalEmail.(string)
-					ap.Issuers = caddytls.DefaultIssuers(emailStr)
-
-					// if a specific endpoint is configured, can't use multiple default issuers
-					if globalACMECA != nil {
-						ap.Issuers = []certmagic.Issuer{new(caddytls.ACMEIssuer)}
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// finalize and verify policies; do cleanup
-	if tlsApp.Automation != nil {
-		for i, ap := range tlsApp.Automation.Policies {
-			// ensure all issuers have global defaults filled in
-			for j, issuer := range ap.Issuers {
-				err := fillInGlobalACMEDefaults(issuer, options)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, warnings, fmt.Errorf("filling in global issuer defaults for AP %d, issuer %d: %v", i, j, err)
-				}
-			}
-
-			// encode all issuer values we created, so they will be rendered in the output
-			if len(ap.Issuers) > 0 && ap.IssuersRaw == nil {
-				for _, iss := range ap.Issuers {
-					issuerName := iss.(caddy.Module).CaddyModule().ID.Name()
-					ap.IssuersRaw = append(ap.IssuersRaw, caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(iss, "module", issuerName, &warnings))
-				}
-			}
-		}
-
-		// consolidate automation policies that are the exact same
-		tlsApp.Automation.Policies = consolidateAutomationPolicies(tlsApp.Automation.Policies)
-
-		// ensure automation policies don't overlap subjects (this should be
-		// an error at provision-time as well, but catch it in the adapt phase
-		// for convenience)
-		automationHostSet := make(map[string]struct{})
-		for _, ap := range tlsApp.Automation.Policies {
-			for _, s := range ap.SubjectsRaw {
-				if _, ok := automationHostSet[s]; ok {
-					return nil, warnings, fmt.Errorf("hostname appears in more than one automation policy, making certificate management ambiguous: %s", s)
-				}
-				automationHostSet[s] = struct{}{}
-			}
-		}
-
-		// if nothing remains, remove any excess values to clean up the resulting config
-		if len(tlsApp.Automation.Policies) == 0 {
-			tlsApp.Automation.Policies = nil
-		}
-		if reflect.DeepEqual(tlsApp.Automation, new(caddytls.AutomationConfig)) {
-			tlsApp.Automation = nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return tlsApp, warnings, nil
-}
-
-type acmeCapable interface{ GetACMEIssuer() *caddytls.ACMEIssuer }
-
-func fillInGlobalACMEDefaults(issuer certmagic.Issuer, options map[string]any) error {
-	acmeWrapper, ok := issuer.(acmeCapable)
-	if !ok {
-		return nil
-	}
-	acmeIssuer := acmeWrapper.GetACMEIssuer()
-	if acmeIssuer == nil {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	globalEmail := options["email"]
-	globalACMECA := options["acme_ca"]
-	globalACMECARoot := options["acme_ca_root"]
-	globalACMEDNS := options["acme_dns"]
-	globalACMEEAB := options["acme_eab"]
-	globalPreferredChains := options["preferred_chains"]
-	globalCertLifetime := options["cert_lifetime"]
-	globalHTTPPort, globalHTTPSPort := options["http_port"], options["https_port"]
-
-	if globalEmail != nil && acmeIssuer.Email == "" {
-		acmeIssuer.Email = globalEmail.(string)
-	}
-	if globalACMECA != nil && acmeIssuer.CA == "" {
-		acmeIssuer.CA = globalACMECA.(string)
-	}
-	if globalACMECARoot != nil && !slices.Contains(acmeIssuer.TrustedRootsPEMFiles, globalACMECARoot.(string)) {
-		acmeIssuer.TrustedRootsPEMFiles = append(acmeIssuer.TrustedRootsPEMFiles, globalACMECARoot.(string))
-	}
-	if globalACMEDNS != nil && (acmeIssuer.Challenges == nil || acmeIssuer.Challenges.DNS == nil) {
-		acmeIssuer.Challenges = &caddytls.ChallengesConfig{
-			DNS: &caddytls.DNSChallengeConfig{
-				ProviderRaw: caddyconfig.JSONModuleObject(globalACMEDNS, "name", globalACMEDNS.(caddy.Module).CaddyModule().ID.Name(), nil),
-			},
-		}
-	}
-	if globalACMEEAB != nil && acmeIssuer.ExternalAccount == nil {
-		acmeIssuer.ExternalAccount = globalACMEEAB.(*acme.EAB)
-	}
-	if globalPreferredChains != nil && acmeIssuer.PreferredChains == nil {
-		acmeIssuer.PreferredChains = globalPreferredChains.(*caddytls.ChainPreference)
-	}
-	if globalHTTPPort != nil && (acmeIssuer.Challenges == nil || acmeIssuer.Challenges.HTTP == nil || acmeIssuer.Challenges.HTTP.AlternatePort == 0) {
-		if acmeIssuer.Challenges == nil {
-			acmeIssuer.Challenges = new(caddytls.ChallengesConfig)
-		}
-		if acmeIssuer.Challenges.HTTP == nil {
-			acmeIssuer.Challenges.HTTP = new(caddytls.HTTPChallengeConfig)
-		}
-		acmeIssuer.Challenges.HTTP.AlternatePort = globalHTTPPort.(int)
-	}
-	if globalHTTPSPort != nil && (acmeIssuer.Challenges == nil || acmeIssuer.Challenges.TLSALPN == nil || acmeIssuer.Challenges.TLSALPN.AlternatePort == 0) {
-		if acmeIssuer.Challenges == nil {
-			acmeIssuer.Challenges = new(caddytls.ChallengesConfig)
-		}
-		if acmeIssuer.Challenges.TLSALPN == nil {
-			acmeIssuer.Challenges.TLSALPN = new(caddytls.TLSALPNChallengeConfig)
-		}
-		acmeIssuer.Challenges.TLSALPN.AlternatePort = globalHTTPSPort.(int)
-	}
-	if globalCertLifetime != nil && acmeIssuer.CertificateLifetime == 0 {
-		acmeIssuer.CertificateLifetime = globalCertLifetime.(caddy.Duration)
-	}
-	return nil
-}
-
-// newBaseAutomationPolicy returns a new TLS automation policy that gets
-// its values from the global options map. It should be used as the base
-// for any other automation policies. A nil policy (and no error) will be
-// returned if there are no default/global options. However, if always is
-// true, a non-nil value will always be returned (unless there is an error).
-func newBaseAutomationPolicy(
-	options map[string]any,
-	_ []caddyconfig.Warning,
-	always bool,
-) (*caddytls.AutomationPolicy, error) {
-	issuers, hasIssuers := options["cert_issuer"]
-	_, hasLocalCerts := options["local_certs"]
-	keyType, hasKeyType := options["key_type"]
-	ocspStapling, hasOCSPStapling := options["ocsp_stapling"]
-
-	hasGlobalAutomationOpts := hasIssuers || hasLocalCerts || hasKeyType || hasOCSPStapling
-
-	// if there are no global options related to automation policies
-	// set, then we can just return right away
-	if !hasGlobalAutomationOpts {
-		if always {
-			return new(caddytls.AutomationPolicy), nil
-		}
-		return nil, nil
-	}
-
-	ap := new(caddytls.AutomationPolicy)
-	if hasKeyType {
-		ap.KeyType = keyType.(string)
-	}
-
-	if hasIssuers && hasLocalCerts {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("global options are ambiguous: local_certs is confusing when combined with cert_issuer, because local_certs is also a specific kind of issuer")
-	}
-
-	if hasIssuers {
-		ap.Issuers = issuers.([]certmagic.Issuer)
-	} else if hasLocalCerts {
-		ap.Issuers = []certmagic.Issuer{new(caddytls.InternalIssuer)}
-	}
-
-	if hasOCSPStapling {
-		ocspConfig := ocspStapling.(certmagic.OCSPConfig)
-		ap.DisableOCSPStapling = ocspConfig.DisableStapling
-		ap.OCSPOverrides = ocspConfig.ResponderOverrides
-	}
-
-	return ap, nil
-}
-
-// consolidateAutomationPolicies combines automation policies that are the same,
-// for a cleaner overall output.
-func consolidateAutomationPolicies(aps []*caddytls.AutomationPolicy) []*caddytls.AutomationPolicy {
-	// sort from most specific to least specific; we depend on this ordering
-	sort.SliceStable(aps, func(i, j int) bool {
-		if automationPolicyIsSubset(aps[i], aps[j]) {
-			return true
-		}
-		if automationPolicyIsSubset(aps[j], aps[i]) {
-			return false
-		}
-		return len(aps[i].SubjectsRaw) > len(aps[j].SubjectsRaw)
-	})
-
-	emptyAPCount := 0
-	origLenAPs := len(aps)
-	// compute the number of empty policies (disregarding subjects) - see #4128
-	emptyAP := new(caddytls.AutomationPolicy)
-	for i := 0; i < len(aps); i++ {
-		emptyAP.SubjectsRaw = aps[i].SubjectsRaw
-		if reflect.DeepEqual(aps[i], emptyAP) {
-			emptyAPCount++
-			if !automationPolicyHasAllPublicNames(aps[i]) {
-				// if this automation policy has internal names, we might as well remove it
-				// so auto-https can implicitly use the internal issuer
-				aps = slices.Delete(aps, i, i+1)
-				i--
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	// If all policies are empty, we can return nil, as there is no need to set any policy
-	if emptyAPCount == origLenAPs {
-		return nil
-	}
-
-	// remove or combine duplicate policies
-outer:
-	for i := 0; i < len(aps); i++ {
-		// compare only with next policies; we sorted by specificity so we must not delete earlier policies
-		for j := i + 1; j < len(aps); j++ {
-			// if they're exactly equal in every way, just keep one of them
-			if reflect.DeepEqual(aps[i], aps[j]) {
-				aps = slices.Delete(aps, j, j+1)
-				// must re-evaluate current i against next j; can't skip it!
-				// even if i decrements to -1, will be incremented to 0 immediately
-				i--
-				continue outer
-			}
-
-			// if the policy is the same, we can keep just one, but we have
-			// to be careful which one we keep; if only one has any hostnames
-			// defined, then we need to keep the one without any hostnames,
-			// otherwise the one without any subjects (a catch-all) would be
-			// eaten up by the one with subjects; and if both have subjects, we
-			// need to combine their lists
-			if reflect.DeepEqual(aps[i].IssuersRaw, aps[j].IssuersRaw) &&
-				reflect.DeepEqual(aps[i].ManagersRaw, aps[j].ManagersRaw) &&
-				bytes.Equal(aps[i].StorageRaw, aps[j].StorageRaw) &&
-				aps[i].MustStaple == aps[j].MustStaple &&
-				aps[i].KeyType == aps[j].KeyType &&
-				aps[i].OnDemand == aps[j].OnDemand &&
-				aps[i].ReusePrivateKeys == aps[j].ReusePrivateKeys &&
-				aps[i].RenewalWindowRatio == aps[j].RenewalWindowRatio {
-				if len(aps[i].SubjectsRaw) > 0 && len(aps[j].SubjectsRaw) == 0 {
-					// later policy (at j) has no subjects ("catch-all"), so we can
-					// remove the identical-but-more-specific policy that comes first
-					// AS LONG AS it is not shadowed by another policy before it; e.g.
-					// if policy i is for example.com, policy i+1 is '*.com', and policy
-					// j is catch-all, we cannot remove policy i because that would
-					// cause example.com to be served by the less specific policy for
-					// '*.com', which might be different (yes we've seen this happen)
-					if automationPolicyShadows(i, aps) >= j {
-						aps = slices.Delete(aps, i, i+1)
-						i--
-						continue outer
-					}
-				} else {
-					// avoid repeated subjects
-					for _, subj := range aps[j].SubjectsRaw {
-						if !slices.Contains(aps[i].SubjectsRaw, subj) {
-							aps[i].SubjectsRaw = append(aps[i].SubjectsRaw, subj)
-						}
-					}
-					aps = slices.Delete(aps, j, j+1)
-					j--
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return aps
-}
-
-// automationPolicyIsSubset returns true if a's subjects are a subset
-// of b's subjects.
-func automationPolicyIsSubset(a, b *caddytls.AutomationPolicy) bool {
-	if len(b.SubjectsRaw) == 0 {
-		return true
-	}
-	if len(a.SubjectsRaw) == 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, aSubj := range a.SubjectsRaw {
-		inSuperset := slices.ContainsFunc(b.SubjectsRaw, func(bSubj string) bool {
-			return certmagic.MatchWildcard(aSubj, bSubj)
-		})
-		if !inSuperset {
-			return false
-		}
-	}
-	return true
-}
-
-// automationPolicyShadows returns the index of a policy that aps[i] shadows;
-// in other words, for all policies after position i, if that policy covers
-// the same subjects but is less specific, that policy's position is returned,
-// or -1 if no shadowing is found. For example, if policy i is for
-// "foo.example.com" and policy i+2 is for "*.example.com", then i+2 will be
-// returned, since that policy is shadowed by i, which is in front.
-func automationPolicyShadows(i int, aps []*caddytls.AutomationPolicy) int {
-	for j := i + 1; j < len(aps); j++ {
-		if automationPolicyIsSubset(aps[i], aps[j]) {
-			return j
-		}
-	}
-	return -1
-}
-
-// subjectQualifiesForPublicCert is like certmagic.SubjectQualifiesForPublicCert() except
-// that this allows domains with multiple wildcard levels like '*.*.example.com' to qualify
-// if the automation policy has OnDemand enabled (i.e. this function is more lenient).
-//
-// IP subjects are considered as non-qualifying for public certs. Technically, there are
-// now public ACME CAs as well as non-ACME CAs that issue IP certificates. But this function
-// is used solely for implicit automation (defaults), where it gets really complicated to
-// keep track of which issuers support IP certificates in which circumstances. Currently,
-// issuers that support IP certificates are very few, and all require some sort of config
-// from the user anyway (such as an account credential). Since we cannot implicitly and
-// automatically get public IP certs without configuration from the user, we treat IPs as
-// not qualifying for public certificates. Users should expressly configure an issuer
-// that supports IP certs for that purpose.
-func subjectQualifiesForPublicCert(ap *caddytls.AutomationPolicy, subj string) bool {
-	return !certmagic.SubjectIsIP(subj) &&
-		!certmagic.SubjectIsInternal(subj) &&
-		(strings.Count(subj, "*.") < 2 || ap.OnDemand)
-}
-
-// automationPolicyHasAllPublicNames returns true if all the names on the policy
-// do NOT qualify for public certs OR are tailscale domains.
-func automationPolicyHasAllPublicNames(ap *caddytls.AutomationPolicy) bool {
-	return !slices.ContainsFunc(ap.SubjectsRaw, func(i string) bool {
-		return !subjectQualifiesForPublicCert(ap, i) || isTailscaleDomain(i)
-	})
-}
-
-func isTailscaleDomain(name string) bool {
-	return strings.HasSuffix(strings.ToLower(name), ".ts.net")
-}
-
-func hostsCoveredByWildcard(hosts []string, wildcards []string) bool {
-	if len(hosts) == 0 || len(wildcards) == 0 {
-		return false
-	}
-	for _, host := range hosts {
-		for _, wildcard := range wildcards {
-			if strings.HasPrefix(host, "*.") {
-				continue
-			}
-			if certmagic.MatchWildcard(host, "*."+wildcard) {
-				return true
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return false
-}
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-package httpcaddyfile
-
-import (
-	"testing"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2/modules/caddytls"
-)
-
-func TestAutomationPolicyIsSubset(t *testing.T) {
-	for i, test := range []struct {
-		a, b   []string
-		expect bool
-	}{
-		{
-			a:      []string{"example.com"},
-			b:      []string{},
-			expect: true,
-		},
-		{
-			a:      []string{},
-			b:      []string{"example.com"},
-			expect: false,
-		},
-		{
-			a:      []string{"foo.example.com"},
-			b:      []string{"*.example.com"},
-			expect: true,
-		},
-		{
-			a:      []string{"foo.example.com"},
-			b:      []string{"foo.example.com"},
-			expect: true,
-		},
-		{
-			a:      []string{"foo.example.com"},
-			b:      []string{"example.com"},
-			expect: false,
-		},
-		{
-			a:      []string{"example.com", "foo.example.com"},
-			b:      []string{"*.com", "*.*.com"},
-			expect: true,
-		},
-		{
-			a:      []string{"example.com", "foo.example.com"},
-			b:      []string{"*.com"},
-			expect: false,
-		},
-	} {
-		apA := &caddytls.AutomationPolicy{SubjectsRaw: test.a}
-		apB := &caddytls.AutomationPolicy{SubjectsRaw: test.b}
-		if actual := automationPolicyIsSubset(apA, apB); actual != test.expect {
-			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %t but got %t (A: %v  B: %v)", i, test.expect, actual, test.a, test.b)
-		}
-	}
-}
@@ -1,218 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyconfig
-
-import (
-	"crypto/tls"
-	"crypto/x509"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"net/http"
-	"os"
-	"time"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(HTTPLoader{})
-}
-
-// HTTPLoader can load Caddy configs over HTTP(S).
-//
-// If the response is not a JSON config, a config adapter must be specified
-// either in the loader config (`adapter`), or in the Content-Type HTTP header
-// returned in the HTTP response from the server. The Content-Type header is
-// read just like the admin API's `/load` endpoint. Uf you don't have control
-// over the HTTP server (but can still trust its response), you can override
-// the Content-Type header by setting the `adapter` property in this config.
-type HTTPLoader struct {
-	// The method for the request. Default: GET
-	Method string `json:"method,omitempty"`
-
-	// The URL of the request.
-	URL string `json:"url,omitempty"`
-
-	// HTTP headers to add to the request.
-	Headers http.Header `json:"header,omitempty"`
-
-	// Maximum time allowed for a complete connection and request.
-	Timeout caddy.Duration `json:"timeout,omitempty"`
-
-	// The name of the config adapter to use, if any. Only needed
-	// if the HTTP response is not a JSON config and if the server's
-	// Content-Type header is missing or incorrect.
-	Adapter string `json:"adapter,omitempty"`
-
-	TLS *struct {
-		// Present this instance's managed remote identity credentials to the server.
-		UseServerIdentity bool `json:"use_server_identity,omitempty"`
-
-		// PEM-encoded client certificate filename to present to the server.
-		ClientCertificateFile string `json:"client_certificate_file,omitempty"`
-
-		// PEM-encoded key to use with the client certificate.
-		ClientCertificateKeyFile string `json:"client_certificate_key_file,omitempty"`
-
-		// List of PEM-encoded CA certificate files to add to the same trust
-		// store as RootCAPool (or root_ca_pool in the JSON).
-		RootCAPEMFiles []string `json:"root_ca_pem_files,omitempty"`
-	} `json:"tls,omitempty"`
-}
-
-// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
-func (HTTPLoader) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
-	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
-		ID:  "caddy.config_loaders.http",
-		New: func() caddy.Module { return new(HTTPLoader) },
-	}
-}
-
-// LoadConfig loads a Caddy config.
-func (hl HTTPLoader) LoadConfig(ctx caddy.Context) ([]byte, error) {
-	repl := caddy.NewReplacer()
-
-	client, err := hl.makeClient(ctx)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	method := repl.ReplaceAll(hl.Method, "")
-	if method == "" {
-		method = http.MethodGet
-	}
-
-	url := repl.ReplaceAll(hl.URL, "")
-	req, err := http.NewRequest(method, url, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	for key, vals := range hl.Headers {
-		for _, val := range vals {
-			req.Header.Add(repl.ReplaceAll(key, ""), repl.ReplaceKnown(val, ""))
-		}
-	}
-
-	resp, err := doHttpCallWithRetries(ctx, client, req)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	defer resp.Body.Close()
-	if resp.StatusCode >= 400 {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("server responded with HTTP %d", resp.StatusCode)
-	}
-
-	body, err := io.ReadAll(resp.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// adapt the config based on either manually-configured adapter or server's response header
-	ct := resp.Header.Get("Content-Type")
-	if hl.Adapter != "" {
-		ct = "text/" + hl.Adapter
-	}
-	result, warnings, err := adaptByContentType(ct, body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	for _, warn := range warnings {
-		ctx.Logger().Warn(warn.String())
-	}
-
-	return result, nil
-}
-
-func attemptHttpCall(client *http.Client, request *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-	resp, err := client.Do(request)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("problem calling http loader url: %v", err)
-	} else if resp.StatusCode < 200 || resp.StatusCode > 499 {
-		resp.Body.Close()
-		return nil, fmt.Errorf("bad response status code from http loader url: %v", resp.StatusCode)
-	}
-	return resp, nil
-}
-
-func doHttpCallWithRetries(ctx caddy.Context, client *http.Client, request *http.Request) (*http.Response, error) {
-	var resp *http.Response
-	var err error
-	const maxAttempts = 10
-
-	for i := 0; i < maxAttempts; i++ {
-		resp, err = attemptHttpCall(client, request)
-		if err != nil && i < maxAttempts-1 {
-			select {
-			case <-time.After(time.Millisecond * 500):
-			case <-ctx.Done():
-				return resp, ctx.Err()
-			}
-		} else {
-			break
-		}
-	}
-
-	return resp, err
-}
-
-func (hl HTTPLoader) makeClient(ctx caddy.Context) (*http.Client, error) {
-	client := &http.Client{
-		Timeout: time.Duration(hl.Timeout),
-	}
-
-	if hl.TLS != nil {
-		var tlsConfig *tls.Config
-
-		// client authentication
-		if hl.TLS.UseServerIdentity {
-			certs, err := ctx.IdentityCredentials(ctx.Logger())
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, fmt.Errorf("getting server identity credentials: %v", err)
-			}
-			// See https://github.com/securego/gosec/issues/1054#issuecomment-2072235199
-			//nolint:gosec
-			tlsConfig = &tls.Config{Certificates: certs}
-		} else if hl.TLS.ClientCertificateFile != "" && hl.TLS.ClientCertificateKeyFile != "" {
-			cert, err := tls.LoadX509KeyPair(hl.TLS.ClientCertificateFile, hl.TLS.ClientCertificateKeyFile)
-			if err != nil {
-				return nil, err
-			}
-			//nolint:gosec
-			tlsConfig = &tls.Config{Certificates: []tls.Certificate{cert}}
-		}
-
-		// trusted server certs
-		if len(hl.TLS.RootCAPEMFiles) > 0 {
-			rootPool := x509.NewCertPool()
-			for _, pemFile := range hl.TLS.RootCAPEMFiles {
-				pemData, err := os.ReadFile(pemFile)
-				if err != nil {
-					return nil, fmt.Errorf("failed reading ca cert: %v", err)
-				}
-				rootPool.AppendCertsFromPEM(pemData)
-			}
-			if tlsConfig == nil {
-				tlsConfig = new(tls.Config)
-			}
-			tlsConfig.RootCAs = rootPool
-		}
-
-		client.Transport = &http.Transport{TLSClientConfig: tlsConfig}
-	}
-
-	return client, nil
-}
-
-var _ caddy.ConfigLoader = (*HTTPLoader)(nil)
@@ -1,214 +0,0 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
-package caddyconfig
-
-import (
-	"bytes"
-	"encoding/json"
-	"fmt"
-	"io"
-	"mime"
-	"net/http"
-	"strings"
-	"sync"
-
-	"github.com/caddyserver/caddy/v2"
-)
-
-func init() {
-	caddy.RegisterModule(adminLoad{})
-}
-
-// adminLoad is a module that provides the /load endpoint
-// for the Caddy admin API. The only reason it's not baked
-// into the caddy package directly is because of the import
-// of the caddyconfig package for its GetAdapter function.
-// If the caddy package depends on the caddyconfig package,
-// then the caddyconfig package will not be able to import
-// the caddy package, and it can more easily cause backward
-// edges in the dependency tree (i.e. import cycle).
-// Fortunately, the admin API has first-class support for
-// adding endpoints from modules.
-type adminLoad struct{}
-
-// CaddyModule returns the Caddy module information.
-func (adminLoad) CaddyModule() caddy.ModuleInfo {
-	return caddy.ModuleInfo{
-		ID:  "admin.api.load",
-		New: func() caddy.Module { return new(adminLoad) },
-	}
-}
-
-// Routes returns a route for the /load endpoint.
-func (al adminLoad) Routes() []caddy.AdminRoute {
-	return []caddy.AdminRoute{
-		{
-			Pattern: "/load",
-			Handler: caddy.AdminHandlerFunc(al.handleLoad),
-		},
-		{
-			Pattern: "/adapt",
-			Handler: caddy.AdminHandlerFunc(al.handleAdapt),
-		},
-	}
-}
-
-// handleLoad replaces the entire current configuration with
-// a new one provided in the response body. It supports config
-// adapters through the use of the Content-Type header. A
-// config that is identical to the currently-running config
-// will be a no-op unless Cache-Control: must-revalidate is set.
-func (adminLoad) handleLoad(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
-	if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
-		return caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
-			Err:        fmt.Errorf("method not allowed"),
-		}
-	}
-
-	buf := bufPool.Get().(*bytes.Buffer)
-	buf.Reset()
-	defer bufPool.Put(buf)
-
-	_, err := io.Copy(buf, r.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-			Err:        fmt.Errorf("reading request body: %v", err),
-		}
-	}
-	body := buf.Bytes()
-
-	// if the config is formatted other than Caddy's native
-	// JSON, we need to adapt it before loading it
-	if ctHeader := r.Header.Get("Content-Type"); ctHeader != "" {
-		result, warnings, err := adaptByContentType(ctHeader, body)
-		if err != nil {
-			return caddy.APIError{
-				HTTPStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-				Err:        err,
-			}
-		}
-		if len(warnings) > 0 {
-			respBody, err := json.Marshal(warnings)
-			if err != nil {
-				caddy.Log().Named("admin.api.load").Error(err.Error())
-			}
-			_, _ = w.Write(respBody)
-		}
-		body = result
-	}
-
-	forceReload := r.Header.Get("Cache-Control") == "must-revalidate"
-
-	err = caddy.Load(body, forceReload)
-	if err != nil {
-		return caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-			Err:        fmt.Errorf("loading config: %v", err),
-		}
-	}
-
-	caddy.Log().Named("admin.api").Info("load complete")
-
-	return nil
-}
-
-// handleAdapt adapts the given Caddy config to JSON and responds with the result.
-func (adminLoad) handleAdapt(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
-	if r.Method != http.MethodPost {
-		return caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusMethodNotAllowed,
-			Err:        fmt.Errorf("method not allowed"),
-		}
-	}
-
-	buf := bufPool.Get().(*bytes.Buffer)
-	buf.Reset()
-	defer bufPool.Put(buf)
-
-	_, err := io.Copy(buf, r.Body)
-	if err != nil {
-		return caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-			Err:        fmt.Errorf("reading request body: %v", err),
-		}
-	}
-
-	result, warnings, err := adaptByContentType(r.Header.Get("Content-Type"), buf.Bytes())
-	if err != nil {
-		return caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-			Err:        err,
-		}
-	}
-
-	out := struct {
-		Warnings []Warning       `json:"warnings,omitempty"`
-		Result   json.RawMessage `json:"result"`
-	}{
-		Warnings: warnings,
-		Result:   result,
-	}
-
-	w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json")
-	return json.NewEncoder(w).Encode(out)
-}
-
-// adaptByContentType adapts body to Caddy JSON using the adapter specified by contentType.
-// If contentType is empty or ends with "/json", the input will be returned, as a no-op.
-func adaptByContentType(contentType string, body []byte) ([]byte, []Warning, error) {
-	// assume JSON as the default
-	if contentType == "" {
-		return body, nil, nil
-	}
-
-	ct, _, err := mime.ParseMediaType(contentType)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, caddy.APIError{
-			HTTPStatus: http.StatusBadRequest,
-			Err:        fmt.Errorf("invalid Content-Type: %v", err),
-		}
-	}
-
-	// if already JSON, no need to adapt
-	if strings.HasSuffix(ct, "/json") {
-		return body, nil, nil
-	}
-
-	// adapter name should be suffix of MIME type
-	_, adapterName, slashFound := strings.Cut(ct, "/")
-	if !slashFound {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("malformed Content-Type")
-	}
-
-	cfgAdapter := GetAdapter(adapterName)
-	if cfgAdapter == nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("unrecognized config adapter '%s'", adapterName)
-	}
-
-	result, warnings, err := cfgAdapter.Adapt(body, nil)
-	if err != nil {
-		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("adapting config using %s adapter: %v", adapterName, err)
-	}
-
-	return result, warnings, nil
-}
-
-var bufPool = sync.Pool{
-	New: func() any {
-		return new(bytes.Buffer)
-	},
-}
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Dispenser is a type that dispenses tokens, similarly to a lexer,
+// except that it can do so with some notion of structure and has
+// some really convenient methods.
+type Dispenser struct {
+	filename string
+	tokens   []Token
+	cursor   int
+	nesting  int
+}
+
+// NewDispenser returns a Dispenser, ready to use for parsing the given input.
+func NewDispenser(filename string, input io.Reader) Dispenser {
+	tokens, _ := allTokens(input) // ignoring error because nothing to do with it
+	return Dispenser{
+		filename: filename,
+		tokens:   tokens,
+		cursor:   -1,
+	}
+}
+
+// NewDispenserTokens returns a Dispenser filled with the given tokens.
+func NewDispenserTokens(filename string, tokens []Token) Dispenser {
+	return Dispenser{
+		filename: filename,
+		tokens:   tokens,
+		cursor:   -1,
+	}
+}
+
+// Next loads the next token. Returns true if a token
+// was loaded; false otherwise. If false, all tokens
+// have been consumed.
+func (d *Dispenser) Next() bool {
+	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NextArg loads the next token if it is on the same
+// line. Returns true if a token was loaded; false
+// otherwise. If false, all tokens on the line have
+// been consumed. It handles imported tokens correctly.
+func (d *Dispenser) NextArg() bool {
+	if d.cursor < 0 {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 &&
+		d.tokens[d.cursor].File == d.tokens[d.cursor+1].File &&
+		d.tokens[d.cursor].Line+d.numLineBreaks(d.cursor) == d.tokens[d.cursor+1].Line {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NextLine loads the next token only if it is not on the same
+// line as the current token, and returns true if a token was
+// loaded; false otherwise. If false, there is not another token
+// or it is on the same line. It handles imported tokens correctly.
+func (d *Dispenser) NextLine() bool {
+	if d.cursor < 0 {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	if d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.cursor < len(d.tokens)-1 &&
+		(d.tokens[d.cursor].File != d.tokens[d.cursor+1].File ||
+			d.tokens[d.cursor].Line+d.numLineBreaks(d.cursor) < d.tokens[d.cursor+1].Line) {
+		d.cursor++
+		return true
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// NextBlock can be used as the condition of a for loop
+// to load the next token as long as it opens a block or
+// is already in a block. It returns true if a token was
+// loaded, or false when the block's closing curly brace
+// was loaded and thus the block ended. Nested blocks are
+// not supported.
+func (d *Dispenser) NextBlock() bool {
+	if d.nesting > 0 {
+		d.Next()
+		if d.Val() == "}" {
+			d.nesting--
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+	if !d.NextArg() { // block must open on same line
+		return false
+	}
+	if d.Val() != "{" {
+		d.cursor-- // roll back if not opening brace
+		return false
+	}
+	d.Next()
+	if d.Val() == "}" {
+		// Open and then closed right away
+		return false
+	}
+	d.nesting++
+	return true
+}
+
+// Val gets the text of the current token. If there is no token
+// loaded, it returns empty string.
+func (d *Dispenser) Val() string {
+	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return ""
+	}
+	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Text
+}
+
+// Line gets the line number of the current token. If there is no token
+// loaded, it returns 0.
+func (d *Dispenser) Line() int {
+	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return d.tokens[d.cursor].Line
+}
+
+// File gets the filename of the current token. If there is no token loaded,
+// it returns the filename originally given when parsing started.
+func (d *Dispenser) File() string {
+	if d.cursor < 0 || d.cursor >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return d.filename
+	}
+	if tokenFilename := d.tokens[d.cursor].File; tokenFilename != "" {
+		return tokenFilename
+	}
+	return d.filename
+}
+
+// Args is a convenience function that loads the next arguments
+// (tokens on the same line) into an arbitrary number of strings
+// pointed to in targets. If there are fewer tokens available
+// than string pointers, the remaining strings will not be changed
+// and false will be returned. If there were enough tokens available
+// to fill the arguments, then true will be returned.
+func (d *Dispenser) Args(targets ...*string) bool {
+	enough := true
+	for i := 0; i < len(targets); i++ {
+		if !d.NextArg() {
+			enough = false
+			break
+		}
+		*targets[i] = d.Val()
+	}
+	return enough
+}
+
+// RemainingArgs loads any more arguments (tokens on the same line)
+// into a slice and returns them. Open curly brace tokens also indicate
+// the end of arguments, and the curly brace is not included in
+// the return value nor is it loaded.
+func (d *Dispenser) RemainingArgs() []string {
+	var args []string
+
+	for d.NextArg() {
+		if d.Val() == "{" {
+			d.cursor--
+			break
+		}
+		args = append(args, d.Val())
+	}
+
+	return args
+}
+
+// ArgErr returns an argument error, meaning that another
+// argument was expected but not found. In other words,
+// a line break or open curly brace was encountered instead of
+// an argument.
+func (d *Dispenser) ArgErr() error {
+	if d.Val() == "{" {
+		return d.Err("Unexpected token '{', expecting argument")
+	}
+	return d.Errf("Wrong argument count or unexpected line ending after '%s'", d.Val())
+}
+
+// SyntaxErr creates a generic syntax error which explains what was
+// found and what was expected.
+func (d *Dispenser) SyntaxErr(expected string) error {
+	msg := fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d - Syntax error: Unexpected token '%s', expecting '%s'", d.File(), d.Line(), d.Val(), expected)
+	return errors.New(msg)
+}
+
+// EOFErr returns an error indicating that the dispenser reached
+// the end of the input when searching for the next token.
+func (d *Dispenser) EOFErr() error {
+	return d.Errf("Unexpected EOF")
+}
+
+// Err generates a custom parse error with a message of msg.
+func (d *Dispenser) Err(msg string) error {
+	msg = fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d - Parse error: %s", d.File(), d.Line(), msg)
+	return errors.New(msg)
+}
+
+// Errf is like Err, but for formatted error messages
+func (d *Dispenser) Errf(format string, args ...interface{}) error {
+	return d.Err(fmt.Sprintf(format, args...))
+}
+
+// numLineBreaks counts how many line breaks are in the token
+// value given by the token index tknIdx. It returns 0 if the
+// token does not exist or there are no line breaks.
+func (d *Dispenser) numLineBreaks(tknIdx int) int {
+	if tknIdx < 0 || tknIdx >= len(d.tokens) {
+		return 0
+	}
+	return strings.Count(d.tokens[tknIdx].Text, "\n")
+}
+
+// isNewLine determines whether the current token is on a different
+// line (higher line number) than the previous token. It handles imported
+// tokens correctly. If there isn't a previous token, it returns true.
+func (d *Dispenser) isNewLine() bool {
+	if d.cursor < 1 {
+		return true
+	}
+	if d.cursor > len(d.tokens)-1 {
+		return false
+	}
+	return d.tokens[d.cursor-1].File != d.tokens[d.cursor].File ||
+		d.tokens[d.cursor-1].Line+d.numLineBreaks(d.cursor-1) < d.tokens[d.cursor].Line
+}
@@ -1,21 +1,6 @@
-// Copyright 2015 Matthew Holt and The Caddy Authors
-//
-// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-// You may obtain a copy of the License at
-//
-//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-//
-// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-// limitations under the License.
-
 package caddyfile

 import (
-	"errors"
 	"reflect"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -26,7 +11,7 @@ func TestDispenser_Val_Next(t *testing.T) {
 			  dir1 arg1
 			  dir2 arg2 arg3
 			  dir3`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	if val := d.Val(); val != "" {
 		t.Fatalf("Val(): Should return empty string when no token loaded; got '%s'", val)
@@ -64,7 +49,7 @@ func TestDispenser_NextArg(t *testing.T) {
 	input := `dir1 arg1
 			  dir2 arg2 arg3
 			  dir3`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	assertNext := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedVal string, expectedCursor int) {
 		if d.Next() != shouldLoad {
@@ -111,7 +96,7 @@ func TestDispenser_NextLine(t *testing.T) {
 	input := `host:port
 			  dir1 arg1
 			  dir2 arg2 arg3`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	assertNextLine := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedVal string, expectedCursor int) {
 		if d.NextLine() != shouldLoad {
@@ -144,10 +129,10 @@ func TestDispenser_NextBlock(t *testing.T) {
 			  }
 			  foobar2 {
 			  }`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	assertNextBlock := func(shouldLoad bool, expectedCursor, expectedNesting int) {
-		if loaded := d.NextBlock(0); loaded != shouldLoad {
+		if loaded := d.NextBlock(); loaded != shouldLoad {
 			t.Errorf("NextBlock(): Should return %v but got %v", shouldLoad, loaded)
 		}
 		if d.cursor != expectedCursor {
@@ -174,7 +159,7 @@ func TestDispenser_Args(t *testing.T) {
 			  dir2 arg4 arg5
 			  dir3 arg6 arg7
 			  dir4`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	d.Next() // dir1

@@ -241,7 +226,7 @@ func TestDispenser_RemainingArgs(t *testing.T) {
 			  dir2 arg4 arg5
 			  dir3 arg6 { arg7
 			  dir4`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	d.Next() // dir1

@@ -278,7 +263,7 @@ func TestDispenser_ArgErr_Err(t *testing.T) {
 	input := `dir1 {
 			  }
 			  dir2 arg1 arg2`
-	d := NewTestDispenser(input)
+	d := NewDispenser("Testfile", strings.NewReader(input))

 	d.cursor = 1 // {

@@ -304,10 +289,4 @@ func TestDispenser_ArgErr_Err(t *testing.T) {
 	if !strings.Contains(err.Error(), "foobar") {
 		t.Errorf("Expected error message with custom message in it ('foobar'); got '%v'", err)
 	}
-
-	ErrBarIsFull := errors.New("bar is full")
-	bookingError := d.Errf("unable to reserve: %w", ErrBarIsFull)
-	if !errors.Is(bookingError, ErrBarIsFull) {
-		t.Errorf("Errf(): should be able to unwrap the error chain")
-	}
 }
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"fmt"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+const filename = "Caddyfile"
+
+// ToJSON converts caddyfile to its JSON representation.
+func ToJSON(caddyfile []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	var j EncodedCaddyfile
+
+	serverBlocks, err := Parse(filename, bytes.NewReader(caddyfile), nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for _, sb := range serverBlocks {
+		block := EncodedServerBlock{
+			Keys: sb.Keys,
+			Body: [][]interface{}{},
+		}
+
+		// Extract directives deterministically by sorting them
+		var directives = make([]string, len(sb.Tokens))
+		for dir := range sb.Tokens {
+			directives = append(directives, dir)
+		}
+		sort.Strings(directives)
+
+		// Convert each directive's tokens into our JSON structure
+		for _, dir := range directives {
+			disp := NewDispenserTokens(filename, sb.Tokens[dir])
+			for disp.Next() {
+				block.Body = append(block.Body, constructLine(&disp))
+			}
+		}
+
+		// tack this block onto the end of the list
+		j = append(j, block)
+	}
+
+	result, err := json.Marshal(j)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return result, nil
+}
+
+// constructLine transforms tokens into a JSON-encodable structure;
+// but only one line at a time, to be used at the top-level of
+// a server block only (where the first token on each line is a
+// directive) - not to be used at any other nesting level.
+func constructLine(d *Dispenser) []interface{} {
+	var args []interface{}
+
+	args = append(args, d.Val())
+
+	for d.NextArg() {
+		if d.Val() == "{" {
+			args = append(args, constructBlock(d))
+			continue
+		}
+		args = append(args, d.Val())
+	}
+
+	return args
+}
+
+// constructBlock recursively processes tokens into a
+// JSON-encodable structure. To be used in a directive's
+// block. Goes to end of block.
+func constructBlock(d *Dispenser) [][]interface{} {
+	block := [][]interface{}{}
+
+	for d.Next() {
+		if d.Val() == "}" {
+			break
+		}
+		block = append(block, constructLine(d))
+	}
+
+	return block
+}
+
+// FromJSON converts JSON-encoded jsonBytes to Caddyfile text
+func FromJSON(jsonBytes []byte) ([]byte, error) {
+	var j EncodedCaddyfile
+	var result string
+
+	err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBytes, &j)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	for sbPos, sb := range j {
+		if sbPos > 0 {
+			result += "\n\n"
+		}
+		for i, key := range sb.Keys {
+			if i > 0 {
+				result += ", "
+			}
+			//result += standardizeScheme(key)
+			result += key
+		}
+		result += jsonToText(sb.Body, 1)
+	}
+
+	return []byte(result), nil
+}
+
+// jsonToText recursively transforms a scope of JSON into plain
+// Caddyfile text.
+func jsonToText(scope interface{}, depth int) string {
+	var result string
+
+	switch val := scope.(type) {
+	case string:
+		if strings.ContainsAny(val, "\" \n\t\r") {
+			result += `"` + strings.Replace(val, "\"", "\\\"", -1) + `"`
+		} else {
+			result += val
+		}
+	case int:
+		result += strconv.Itoa(val)
+	case float64:
+		result += fmt.Sprintf("%v", val)
+	case bool:
+		result += fmt.Sprintf("%t", val)
+	case [][]interface{}:
+		result += " {\n"
+		for _, arg := range val {
+			result += strings.Repeat("\t", depth) + jsonToText(arg, depth+1) + "\n"
+		}
+		result += strings.Repeat("\t", depth-1) + "}"
+	case []interface{}:
+		for i, v := range val {
+			if block, ok := v.([]interface{}); ok {
+				result += "{\n"
+				for _, arg := range block {
+					result += strings.Repeat("\t", depth) + jsonToText(arg, depth+1) + "\n"
+				}
+				result += strings.Repeat("\t", depth-1) + "}"
+				continue
+			}
+			result += jsonToText(v, depth)
+			if i < len(val)-1 {
+				result += " "
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// TODO: Will this function come in handy somewhere else?
+/*
+// standardizeScheme turns an address like host:https into https://host,
+// or "host:" into "host".
+func standardizeScheme(addr string) string {
+	if hostname, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(addr); err == nil {
+		if port == "http" || port == "https" {
+			addr = port + "://" + hostname
+		}
+	}
+	return strings.TrimSuffix(addr, ":")
+}
+*/
+
+// EncodedCaddyfile encapsulates a slice of EncodedServerBlocks.
+type EncodedCaddyfile []EncodedServerBlock
+
+// EncodedServerBlock represents a server block ripe for encoding.
+type EncodedServerBlock struct {
+	Keys []string        `json:"keys"`
+	Body [][]interface{} `json:"body"`
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import "testing"
+
+var tests = []struct {
+	caddyfile, json string
+}{
+	{ // 0
+		caddyfile: `foo {
+	root /bar
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["foo"],"body":[["root","/bar"]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 1
+		caddyfile: `host1, host2 {
+	dir {
+		def
+	}
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host1","host2"],"body":[["dir",[["def"]]]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 2
+		caddyfile: `host1, host2 {
+	dir abc {
+		def ghi
+		jkl
+	}
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host1","host2"],"body":[["dir","abc",[["def","ghi"],["jkl"]]]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 3
+		caddyfile: `host1:1234, host2:5678 {
+	dir abc {
+	}
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host1:1234","host2:5678"],"body":[["dir","abc",[]]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 4
+		caddyfile: `host {
+	foo "bar baz"
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[["foo","bar baz"]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 5
+		caddyfile: `host, host:80 {
+	foo "bar \"baz\""
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host","host:80"],"body":[["foo","bar \"baz\""]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 6
+		caddyfile: `host {
+	foo "bar
+baz"
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[["foo","bar\nbaz"]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 7
+		caddyfile: `host {
+	dir 123 4.56 true
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[["dir","123","4.56","true"]]}]`, // NOTE: I guess we assume numbers and booleans should be encoded as strings...?
+	},
+	{ // 8
+		caddyfile: `http://host, https://host {
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["http://host","https://host"],"body":[]}]`, // hosts in JSON are always host:port format (if port is specified), for consistency
+	},
+	{ // 9
+		caddyfile: `host {
+	dir1 a b
+	dir2 c d
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[["dir1","a","b"],["dir2","c","d"]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 10
+		caddyfile: `host {
+	dir a b
+	dir c d
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[["dir","a","b"],["dir","c","d"]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 11
+		caddyfile: `host {
+	dir1 a b
+	dir2 {
+		c
+		d
+	}
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[["dir1","a","b"],["dir2",[["c"],["d"]]]]}]`,
+	},
+	{ // 12
+		caddyfile: `host1 {
+	dir1
+}
+
+host2 {
+	dir2
+}`,
+		json: `[{"keys":["host1"],"body":[["dir1"]]},{"keys":["host2"],"body":[["dir2"]]}]`,
+	},
+}
+
+func TestToJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		output, err := ToJSON([]byte(test.caddyfile))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		if string(output) != test.json {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d\nExpected:\n'%s'\nActual:\n'%s'", i, test.json, string(output))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestFromJSON(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		output, err := FromJSON([]byte(test.json))
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		if string(output) != test.caddyfile {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d\nExpected:\n'%s'\nActual:\n'%s'", i, test.caddyfile, string(output))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// TODO: Will these tests come in handy somewhere else?
+/*
+func TestStandardizeAddress(t *testing.T) {
+	// host:https should be converted to https://host
+	output, err := ToJSON([]byte(`host:https`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if expected, actual := `[{"keys":["https://host"],"body":[]}]`, string(output); expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected:\n'%s'\nActual:\n'%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	output, err = FromJSON([]byte(`[{"keys":["https://host"],"body":[]}]`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if expected, actual := "https://host {\n}", string(output); expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected:\n'%s'\nActual:\n'%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// host: should be converted to just host
+	output, err = ToJSON([]byte(`host:`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if expected, actual := `[{"keys":["host"],"body":[]}]`, string(output); expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected:\n'%s'\nActual:\n'%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+	output, err = FromJSON([]byte(`[{"keys":["host:"],"body":[]}]`))
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if expected, actual := "host {\n}", string(output); expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected:\n'%s'\nActual:\n'%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+*/
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"io"
+	"unicode"
+)
+
+type (
+	// lexer is a utility which can get values, token by
+	// token, from a Reader. A token is a word, and tokens
+	// are separated by whitespace. A word can be enclosed
+	// in quotes if it contains whitespace.
+	lexer struct {
+		reader *bufio.Reader
+		token  Token
+		line   int
+	}
+
+	// Token represents a single parsable unit.
+	Token struct {
+		File string
+		Line int
+		Text string
+	}
+)
+
+// load prepares the lexer to scan an input for tokens.
+// It discards any leading byte order mark.
+func (l *lexer) load(input io.Reader) error {
+	l.reader = bufio.NewReader(input)
+	l.line = 1
+
+	// discard byte order mark, if present
+	firstCh, _, err := l.reader.ReadRune()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if firstCh != 0xFEFF {
+		err := l.reader.UnreadRune()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// next loads the next token into the lexer.
+// A token is delimited by whitespace, unless
+// the token starts with a quotes character (")
+// in which case the token goes until the closing
+// quotes (the enclosing quotes are not included).
+// Inside quoted strings, quotes may be escaped
+// with a preceding \ character. No other chars
+// may be escaped. The rest of the line is skipped
+// if a "#" character is read in. Returns true if
+// a token was loaded; false otherwise.
+func (l *lexer) next() bool {
+	var val []rune
+	var comment, quoted, escaped bool
+
+	makeToken := func() bool {
+		l.token.Text = string(val)
+		return true
+	}
+
+	for {
+		ch, _, err := l.reader.ReadRune()
+		if err != nil {
+			if len(val) > 0 {
+				return makeToken()
+			}
+			if err == io.EOF {
+				return false
+			}
+			panic(err)
+		}
+
+		if quoted {
+			if !escaped {
+				if ch == '\\' {
+					escaped = true
+					continue
+				} else if ch == '"' {
+					quoted = false
+					return makeToken()
+				}
+			}
+			if ch == '\n' {
+				l.line++
+			}
+			if escaped {
+				// only escape quotes
+				if ch != '"' {
+					val = append(val, '\\')
+				}
+			}
+			val = append(val, ch)
+			escaped = false
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if unicode.IsSpace(ch) {
+			if ch == '\r' {
+				continue
+			}
+			if ch == '\n' {
+				l.line++
+				comment = false
+			}
+			if len(val) > 0 {
+				return makeToken()
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if ch == '#' {
+			comment = true
+		}
+
+		if comment {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		if len(val) == 0 {
+			l.token = Token{Line: l.line}
+			if ch == '"' {
+				quoted = true
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+
+		val = append(val, ch)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+type lexerTestCase struct {
+	input    string
+	expected []Token
+}
+
+func TestLexer(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []lexerTestCase{
+		{
+			input: `host:123`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123
+
+					directive`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "directive"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123 {
+						directive
+					}`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "directive"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123 { directive }`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "directive"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `host:123 {
+						#comment
+						directive
+						# comment
+						foobar # another comment
+					}`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "host:123"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "directive"},
+				{Line: 5, Text: "foobar"},
+				{Line: 6, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `a "quoted value" b
+					foobar`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "a"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "quoted value"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "b"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "foobar"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `A "quoted \"value\" inside" B`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: `quoted "value" inside`},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "B"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `"don't\escape"`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `don't\escape`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `"don't\\escape"`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `don't\\escape`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `A "quoted value with line
+					break inside" {
+						foobar
+					}`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "A"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "quoted value with line\n\t\t\t\t\tbreak inside"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "{"},
+				{Line: 3, Text: "foobar"},
+				{Line: 4, Text: "}"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `"C:\php\php-cgi.exe"`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `C:\php\php-cgi.exe`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: `empty "" string`,
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: `empty`},
+				{Line: 1, Text: ``},
+				{Line: 1, Text: `string`},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: "skip those\r\nCR characters",
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: "skip"},
+				{Line: 1, Text: "those"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "CR"},
+				{Line: 2, Text: "characters"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			input: "\xEF\xBB\xBF:8080", // test with leading byte order mark
+			expected: []Token{
+				{Line: 1, Text: ":8080"},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, testCase := range testCases {
+		actual := tokenize(testCase.input)
+		lexerCompare(t, i, testCase.expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func tokenize(input string) (tokens []Token) {
+	l := lexer{}
+	l.load(strings.NewReader(input))
+	for l.next() {
+		tokens = append(tokens, l.token)
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func lexerCompare(t *testing.T, n int, expected, actual []Token) {
+	if len(expected) != len(actual) {
+		t.Errorf("Test case %d: expected %d token(s) but got %d", n, len(expected), len(actual))
+	}
+
+	for i := 0; i < len(actual) && i < len(expected); i++ {
+		if actual[i].Line != expected[i].Line {
+			t.Errorf("Test case %d token %d ('%s'): expected line %d but was line %d",
+				n, i, expected[i].Text, expected[i].Line, actual[i].Line)
+			break
+		}
+		if actual[i].Text != expected[i].Text {
+			t.Errorf("Test case %d token %d: expected text '%s' but was '%s'",
+				n, i, expected[i].Text, actual[i].Text)
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"io"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+)
+
+// Parse parses the input just enough to group tokens, in
+// order, by server block. No further parsing is performed.
+// Server blocks are returned in the order in which they appear.
+// Directives that do not appear in validDirectives will cause
+// an error. If you do not want to check for valid directives,
+// pass in nil instead.
+func Parse(filename string, input io.Reader, validDirectives []string) ([]ServerBlock, error) {
+	p := parser{Dispenser: NewDispenser(filename, input), validDirectives: validDirectives}
+	return p.parseAll()
+}
+
+// allTokens lexes the entire input, but does not parse it.
+// It returns all the tokens from the input, unstructured
+// and in order.
+func allTokens(input io.Reader) ([]Token, error) {
+	l := new(lexer)
+	err := l.load(input)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	var tokens []Token
+	for l.next() {
+		tokens = append(tokens, l.token)
+	}
+	return tokens, nil
+}
+
+type parser struct {
+	Dispenser
+	block           ServerBlock // current server block being parsed
+	validDirectives []string    // a directive must be valid or it's an error
+	eof             bool        // if we encounter a valid EOF in a hard place
+}
+
+func (p *parser) parseAll() ([]ServerBlock, error) {
+	var blocks []ServerBlock
+
+	for p.Next() {
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		if err != nil {
+			return blocks, err
+		}
+		if len(p.block.Keys) > 0 {
+			blocks = append(blocks, p.block)
+		}
+	}
+
+	return blocks, nil
+}
+
+func (p *parser) parseOne() error {
+	p.block = ServerBlock{Tokens: make(map[string][]Token)}
+
+	return p.begin()
+}
+
+func (p *parser) begin() error {
+	if len(p.tokens) == 0 {
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	err := p.addresses()
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if p.eof {
+		// this happens if the Caddyfile consists of only
+		// a line of addresses and nothing else
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	return p.blockContents()
+}
+
+func (p *parser) addresses() error {
+	var expectingAnother bool
+
+	for {
+		tkn := replaceEnvVars(p.Val())
+
+		// special case: import directive replaces tokens during parse-time
+		if tkn == "import" && p.isNewLine() {
+			err := p.doImport()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// Open brace definitely indicates end of addresses
+		if tkn == "{" {
+			if expectingAnother {
+				return p.Errf("Expected another address but had '%s' - check for extra comma", tkn)
+			}
+			break
+		}
+
+		if tkn != "" { // empty token possible if user typed ""
+			// Trailing comma indicates another address will follow, which
+			// may possibly be on the next line
+			if tkn[len(tkn)-1] == ',' {
+				tkn = tkn[:len(tkn)-1]
+				expectingAnother = true
+			} else {
+				expectingAnother = false // but we may still see another one on this line
+			}
+
+			p.block.Keys = append(p.block.Keys, tkn)
+		}
+
+		// Advance token and possibly break out of loop or return error
+		hasNext := p.Next()
+		if expectingAnother && !hasNext {
+			return p.EOFErr()
+		}
+		if !hasNext {
+			p.eof = true
+			break // EOF
+		}
+		if !expectingAnother && p.isNewLine() {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (p *parser) blockContents() error {
+	errOpenCurlyBrace := p.openCurlyBrace()
+	if errOpenCurlyBrace != nil {
+		// single-server configs don't need curly braces
+		p.cursor--
+	}
+
+	err := p.directives()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	// Only look for close curly brace if there was an opening
+	if errOpenCurlyBrace == nil {
+		err = p.closeCurlyBrace()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// directives parses through all the lines for directives
+// and it expects the next token to be the first
+// directive. It goes until EOF or closing curly brace
+// which ends the server block.
+func (p *parser) directives() error {
+	for p.Next() {
+		// end of server block
+		if p.Val() == "}" {
+			break
+		}
+
+		// special case: import directive replaces tokens during parse-time
+		if p.Val() == "import" {
+			err := p.doImport()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			p.cursor-- // cursor is advanced when we continue, so roll back one more
+			continue
+		}
+
+		// normal case: parse a directive on this line
+		if err := p.directive(); err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// doImport swaps out the import directive and its argument
+// (a total of 2 tokens) with the tokens in the specified file
+// or globbing pattern. When the function returns, the cursor
+// is on the token before where the import directive was. In
+// other words, call Next() to access the first token that was
+// imported.
+func (p *parser) doImport() error {
+	// syntax checks
+	if !p.NextArg() {
+		return p.ArgErr()
+	}
+	importPattern := replaceEnvVars(p.Val())
+	if importPattern == "" {
+		return p.Err("Import requires a non-empty filepath")
+	}
+	if p.NextArg() {
+		return p.Err("Import takes only one argument (glob pattern or file)")
+	}
+
+	// make path relative to Caddyfile rather than current working directory (issue #867)
+	// and then use glob to get list of matching filenames
+	absFile, err := filepath.Abs(p.Dispenser.filename)
+	if err != nil {
+		return p.Errf("Failed to get absolute path of file: %s", p.Dispenser.filename)
+	}
+
+	var matches []string
+	var globPattern string
+	if !filepath.IsAbs(importPattern) {
+		globPattern = filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(absFile), importPattern)
+	} else {
+		globPattern = importPattern
+	}
+	matches, err = filepath.Glob(globPattern)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		return p.Errf("Failed to use import pattern %s: %v", importPattern, err)
+	}
+	if len(matches) == 0 {
+		if strings.Contains(globPattern, "*") {
+			log.Printf("[WARNING] No files matching import pattern: %s", importPattern)
+		} else {
+			return p.Errf("File to import not found: %s", importPattern)
+		}
+	}
+
+	// splice out the import directive and its argument (2 tokens total)
+	tokensBefore := p.tokens[:p.cursor-1]
+	tokensAfter := p.tokens[p.cursor+1:]
+
+	// collect all the imported tokens
+	var importedTokens []Token
+	for _, importFile := range matches {
+		newTokens, err := p.doSingleImport(importFile)
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+		var importLine int
+		importDir := filepath.Dir(importFile)
+		for i, token := range newTokens {
+			if token.Text == "import" {
+				importLine = token.Line
+				continue
+			}
+			if token.Line == importLine {
+				var abs string
+				if filepath.IsAbs(token.Text) {
+					abs = token.Text
+				} else if !filepath.IsAbs(importFile) {
+					abs = filepath.Join(filepath.Dir(absFile), token.Text)
+				} else {
+					abs = filepath.Join(importDir, token.Text)
+				}
+				newTokens[i] = Token{
+					Text: abs,
+					Line: token.Line,
+					File: token.File,
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		importedTokens = append(importedTokens, newTokens...)
+	}
+
+	// splice the imported tokens in the place of the import statement
+	// and rewind cursor so Next() will land on first imported token
+	p.tokens = append(tokensBefore, append(importedTokens, tokensAfter...)...)
+	p.cursor--
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// doSingleImport lexes the individual file at importFile and returns
+// its tokens or an error, if any.
+func (p *parser) doSingleImport(importFile string) ([]Token, error) {
+	file, err := os.Open(importFile)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: %v", importFile, err)
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	if info, err := file.Stat(); err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: %v", importFile, err)
+	} else if info.IsDir() {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not import %s: is a directory", importFile)
+	}
+
+	importedTokens, err := allTokens(file)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, p.Errf("Could not read tokens while importing %s: %v", importFile, err)
+	}
+
+	// Tack the filename onto these tokens so errors show the imported file's name
+	filename := filepath.Base(importFile)
+	for i := 0; i < len(importedTokens); i++ {
+		importedTokens[i].File = filename
+	}
+
+	return importedTokens, nil
+}
+
+// directive collects tokens until the directive's scope
+// closes (either end of line or end of curly brace block).
+// It expects the currently-loaded token to be a directive
+// (or } that ends a server block). The collected tokens
+// are loaded into the current server block for later use
+// by directive setup functions.
+func (p *parser) directive() error {
+	dir := p.Val()
+	nesting := 0
+
+	// TODO: More helpful error message ("did you mean..." or "maybe you need to install its server type")
+	if !p.validDirective(dir) {
+		return p.Errf("Unknown directive '%s'", dir)
+	}
+
+	// The directive itself is appended as a relevant token
+	p.block.Tokens[dir] = append(p.block.Tokens[dir], p.tokens[p.cursor])
+
+	for p.Next() {
+		if p.Val() == "{" {
+			nesting++
+		} else if p.isNewLine() && nesting == 0 {
+			p.cursor-- // read too far
+			break
+		} else if p.Val() == "}" && nesting > 0 {
+			nesting--
+		} else if p.Val() == "}" && nesting == 0 {
+			return p.Err("Unexpected '}' because no matching opening brace")
+		}
+		p.tokens[p.cursor].Text = replaceEnvVars(p.tokens[p.cursor].Text)
+		p.block.Tokens[dir] = append(p.block.Tokens[dir], p.tokens[p.cursor])
+	}
+
+	if nesting > 0 {
+		return p.EOFErr()
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// openCurlyBrace expects the current token to be an
+// opening curly brace. This acts like an assertion
+// because it returns an error if the token is not
+// a opening curly brace. It does NOT advance the token.
+func (p *parser) openCurlyBrace() error {
+	if p.Val() != "{" {
+		return p.SyntaxErr("{")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// closeCurlyBrace expects the current token to be
+// a closing curly brace. This acts like an assertion
+// because it returns an error if the token is not
+// a closing curly brace. It does NOT advance the token.
+func (p *parser) closeCurlyBrace() error {
+	if p.Val() != "}" {
+		return p.SyntaxErr("}")
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+// validDirective returns true if dir is in p.validDirectives.
+func (p *parser) validDirective(dir string) bool {
+	if p.validDirectives == nil {
+		return true
+	}
+	for _, d := range p.validDirectives {
+		if d == dir {
+			return true
+		}
+	}
+	return false
+}
+
+// replaceEnvVars replaces environment variables that appear in the token
+// and understands both the $UNIX and %WINDOWS% syntaxes.
+func replaceEnvVars(s string) string {
+	s = replaceEnvReferences(s, "{%", "%}")
+	s = replaceEnvReferences(s, "{$", "}")
+	return s
+}
+
+// replaceEnvReferences performs the actual replacement of env variables
+// in s, given the placeholder start and placeholder end strings.
+func replaceEnvReferences(s, refStart, refEnd string) string {
+	index := strings.Index(s, refStart)
+	for index != -1 {
+		endIndex := strings.Index(s, refEnd)
+		if endIndex != -1 {
+			ref := s[index : endIndex+len(refEnd)]
+			s = strings.Replace(s, ref, os.Getenv(ref[len(refStart):len(ref)-len(refEnd)]), -1)
+		} else {
+			return s
+		}
+		index = strings.Index(s, refStart)
+	}
+	return s
+}
+
+// ServerBlock associates any number of keys (usually addresses
+// of some sort) with tokens (grouped by directive name).
+type ServerBlock struct {
+	Keys   []string
+	Tokens map[string][]Token
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,502 @@
+package caddyfile
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+)
+
+func TestAllTokens(t *testing.T) {
+	input := strings.NewReader("a b c\nd e")
+	expected := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}
+	tokens, err := allTokens(input)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected no error, got %v", err)
+	}
+	if len(tokens) != len(expected) {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected %d tokens, got %d", len(expected), len(tokens))
+	}
+
+	for i, val := range expected {
+		if tokens[i].Text != val {
+			t.Errorf("Token %d should be '%s' but was '%s'", i, val, tokens[i].Text)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseOneAndImport(t *testing.T) {
+	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
+		p := testParser(input)
+		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		return p.block, err
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input     string
+		shouldErr bool
+		keys      []string
+		tokens    map[string]int // map of directive name to number of tokens expected
+	}{
+		{`localhost`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 1,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234
+		  dir1 foo bar`, false, []string{
+			"localhost:1234",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost {
+		    dir1
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 1,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234 {
+		    dir1 foo bar
+		    dir2
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"localhost:1234",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+			"dir2": 1,
+		}},
+
+		{`http://localhost https://localhost
+		  dir1 foo bar`, false, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+			"https://localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`http://localhost https://localhost {
+		    dir1 foo bar
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+			"https://localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`http://localhost, https://localhost {
+		    dir1 foo bar
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+			"https://localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`http://localhost, {
+		  }`, true, []string{
+			"http://localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{`host1:80, http://host2.com
+		  dir1 foo bar
+		  dir2 baz`, false, []string{
+			"host1:80",
+			"http://host2.com",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+			"dir2": 2,
+		}},
+
+		{`http://host1.com,
+		  http://host2.com,
+		  https://host3.com`, false, []string{
+			"http://host1.com",
+			"http://host2.com",
+			"https://host3.com",
+		}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{`http://host1.com:1234, https://host2.com
+		  dir1 foo {
+		    bar baz
+		  }
+		  dir2`, false, []string{
+			"http://host1.com:1234",
+			"https://host2.com",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 6,
+			"dir2": 1,
+		}},
+
+		{`127.0.0.1
+		  dir1 {
+		    bar baz
+		  }
+		  dir2 {
+		    foo bar
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"127.0.0.1",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 5,
+			"dir2": 5,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		    foo`, true, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		  }`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		  } }`, true, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 {
+		    nested {
+		      foo
+		    }
+		  }
+		  dir2 foo bar`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 7,
+			"dir2": 3,
+		}},
+
+		{``, false, []string{}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{`localhost
+		  dir1 arg1
+		  import testdata/import_test1.txt`, false, []string{
+			"localhost",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 2,
+			"dir2": 3,
+			"dir3": 1,
+		}},
+
+		{`import testdata/import_test2.txt`, false, []string{
+			"host1",
+		}, map[string]int{
+			"dir1": 1,
+			"dir2": 2,
+		}},
+
+		{`import testdata/import_test1.txt testdata/import_test2.txt`, true, []string{}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{`import testdata/not_found.txt`, true, []string{}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{`""`, false, []string{}, map[string]int{}},
+
+		{``, false, []string{}, map[string]int{}},
+	} {
+		result, err := testParseOne(test.input)
+
+		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected an error, but didn't get one", i)
+		}
+		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but got: %v", i, err)
+		}
+
+		if len(result.Keys) != len(test.keys) {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d keys, got %d",
+				i, len(test.keys), len(result.Keys))
+			continue
+		}
+		for j, addr := range result.Keys {
+			if addr != test.keys[j] {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, key %d: Expected '%s', but was '%s'",
+					i, j, test.keys[j], addr)
+			}
+		}
+
+		if len(result.Tokens) != len(test.tokens) {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d directives, had %d",
+				i, len(test.tokens), len(result.Tokens))
+			continue
+		}
+		for directive, tokens := range result.Tokens {
+			if len(tokens) != test.tokens[directive] {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, directive '%s': Expected %d tokens, counted %d",
+					i, directive, test.tokens[directive], len(tokens))
+				continue
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestRecursiveImport(t *testing.T) {
+	testParseOne := func(input string) (ServerBlock, error) {
+		p := testParser(input)
+		p.Next() // parseOne doesn't call Next() to start, so we must
+		err := p.parseOne()
+		return p.block, err
+	}
+
+	isExpected := func(got ServerBlock) bool {
+		if len(got.Keys) != 1 || got.Keys[0] != "localhost" {
+			t.Errorf("got keys unexpected: expect localhost, got %v", got.Keys)
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(got.Tokens) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("got wrong number of tokens: expect 2, got %d", len(got.Tokens))
+			return false
+		}
+		if len(got.Tokens["dir1"]) != 1 || len(got.Tokens["dir2"]) != 2 {
+			t.Errorf("got unexpect tokens: %v", got.Tokens)
+			return false
+		}
+		return true
+	}
+
+	recursiveFile1, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/recursive_import_test1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	recursiveFile2, err := filepath.Abs("testdata/recursive_import_test2")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// test relative recursive import
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(recursiveFile1, []byte(
+		`localhost
+		dir1
+		import recursive_import_test2`), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(recursiveFile1)
+
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(recursiveFile2, []byte("dir2 1"), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(recursiveFile2)
+
+	// import absolute path
+	result, err := testParseOne("import " + recursiveFile1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("absolute+relative import failed")
+	}
+
+	// import relative path
+	result, err = testParseOne("import testdata/recursive_import_test1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("relative+relative import failed")
+	}
+
+	// test absolute recursive import
+	err = ioutil.WriteFile(recursiveFile1, []byte(
+		`localhost
+		dir1
+		import `+recursiveFile2), 0644)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+
+	// import absolute path
+	result, err = testParseOne("import " + recursiveFile1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("absolute+absolute import failed")
+	}
+
+	// import relative path
+	result, err = testParseOne("import testdata/recursive_import_test1")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatal(err)
+	}
+	if !isExpected(result) {
+		t.Error("relative+absolute import failed")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestParseAll(t *testing.T) {
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input     string
+		shouldErr bool
+		keys      [][]string // keys per server block, in order
+	}{
+		{`localhost`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost:1234"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234 {
+		  }
+		  localhost:2015 {
+		  }`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost:1234"},
+			{"localhost:2015"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234, http://host2`, false, [][]string{
+			{"localhost:1234", "http://host2"},
+		}},
+
+		{`localhost:1234, http://host2,`, true, [][]string{}},
+
+		{`http://host1.com, http://host2.com {
+		  }
+		  https://host3.com, https://host4.com {
+		  }`, false, [][]string{
+			{"http://host1.com", "http://host2.com"},
+			{"https://host3.com", "https://host4.com"},
+		}},
+
+		{`import testdata/import_glob*.txt`, false, [][]string{
+			{"glob0.host0"},
+			{"glob0.host1"},
+			{"glob1.host0"},
+			{"glob2.host0"},
+		}},
+
+		{`import notfound/*`, false, [][]string{}},        // glob needn't error with no matches
+		{`import notfound/file.conf`, true, [][]string{}}, // but a specific file should
+	} {
+		p := testParser(test.input)
+		blocks, err := p.parseAll()
+
+		if test.shouldErr && err == nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected an error, but didn't get one", i)
+		}
+		if !test.shouldErr && err != nil {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected no error, but got: %v", i, err)
+		}
+
+		if len(blocks) != len(test.keys) {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d server blocks, got %d",
+				i, len(test.keys), len(blocks))
+			continue
+		}
+		for j, block := range blocks {
+			if len(block.Keys) != len(test.keys[j]) {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected %d keys in block %d, got %d",
+					i, len(test.keys[j]), j, len(block.Keys))
+				continue
+			}
+			for k, addr := range block.Keys {
+				if addr != test.keys[j][k] {
+					t.Errorf("Test %d, block %d, key %d: Expected '%s', but got '%s'",
+						i, j, k, test.keys[j][k], addr)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestEnvironmentReplacement(t *testing.T) {
+	os.Setenv("PORT", "8080")
+	os.Setenv("ADDRESS", "servername.com")
+	os.Setenv("FOOBAR", "foobar")
+
+	// basic test; unix-style env vars
+	p := testParser(`{$ADDRESS}`)
+	blocks, _ := p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// multiple vars per token
+	p = testParser(`{$ADDRESS}:{$PORT}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com:8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// windows-style var and unix style in same token
+	p = testParser(`{%ADDRESS%}:{$PORT}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com:8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// reverse order
+	p = testParser(`{$ADDRESS}:{%PORT%}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], "servername.com:8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// env var in server block body as argument
+	p = testParser(":{%PORT%}\ndir1 {$FOOBAR}")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], ":8080"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Tokens["dir1"][1].Text, "foobar"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// combined windows env vars in argument
+	p = testParser(":{%PORT%}\ndir1 {%ADDRESS%}/{%FOOBAR%}")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Tokens["dir1"][1].Text, "servername.com/foobar"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// malformed env var (windows)
+	p = testParser(":1234\ndir1 {%ADDRESS}")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Tokens["dir1"][1].Text, "{%ADDRESS}"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected host to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// malformed (non-existent) env var (unix)
+	p = testParser(`:{$PORT$}`)
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Keys[0], ":"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected key to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+
+	// in quoted field
+	p = testParser(":1234\ndir1 \"Test {$FOOBAR} test\"")
+	blocks, _ = p.parseAll()
+	if actual, expected := blocks[0].Tokens["dir1"][1].Text, "Test foobar test"; expected != actual {
+		t.Errorf("Expected argument to be '%s' but was '%s'", expected, actual)
+	}
+}
+
+func testParser(input string) parser {
+	buf := strings.NewReader(input)
+	p := parser{Dispenser: NewDispenser("Caddyfile", buf)}
+	return p
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+// Package basicauth implements HTTP Basic Authentication for Caddy.
+//
+// This is useful for simple protections on a website, like requiring
+// a password to access an admin interface. This package assumes a
+// fairly small threat model.
+package basicauth
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"context"
+	"crypto/sha1"
+	"crypto/subtle"
+	"fmt"
+	"io"
+	"net/http"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strings"
+	"sync"
+
+	"github.com/jimstudt/http-authentication/basic"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+// BasicAuth is middleware to protect resources with a username and password.
+// Note that HTTP Basic Authentication is not secure by itself and should
+// not be used to protect important assets without HTTPS. Even then, the
+// security of HTTP Basic Auth is disputed. Use discretion when deciding
+// what to protect with BasicAuth.
+type BasicAuth struct {
+	Next     httpserver.Handler
+	SiteRoot string
+	Rules    []Rule
+}
+
+// ServeHTTP implements the httpserver.Handler interface.
+func (a BasicAuth) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+	var protected, isAuthenticated bool
+	var realm string
+
+	for _, rule := range a.Rules {
+		for _, res := range rule.Resources {
+			if !httpserver.Path(r.URL.Path).Matches(res) {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// path matches; this endpoint is protected
+			protected = true
+			realm = rule.Realm
+
+			// parse auth header
+			username, password, ok := r.BasicAuth()
+
+			// check credentials
+			if !ok ||
+				username != rule.Username ||
+				!rule.Password(password) {
+				continue
+			}
+
+			// by this point, authentication was successful
+			isAuthenticated = true
+
+			// let upstream middleware (e.g. fastcgi and cgi) know about authenticated
+			// user; this replaces the request with a wrapped instance
+			r = r.WithContext(context.WithValue(r.Context(),
+				httpserver.RemoteUserCtxKey, username))
+		}
+	}
+
+	if protected && !isAuthenticated {
+		// browsers show a message that says something like:
+		// "The website says: <realm>"
+		// which is kinda dumb, but whatever.
+		if realm == "" {
+			realm = "Restricted"
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("WWW-Authenticate", "Basic realm=\""+realm+"\"")
+		return http.StatusUnauthorized, nil
+	}
+
+	// Pass-through when no paths match
+	return a.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+}
+
+// Rule represents a BasicAuth rule. A username and password
+// combination protect the associated resources, which are
+// file or directory paths.
+type Rule struct {
+	Username  string
+	Password  func(string) bool
+	Resources []string
+	Realm     string // See RFC 1945 and RFC 2617, default: "Restricted"
+}
+
+// PasswordMatcher determines whether a password matches a rule.
+type PasswordMatcher func(pw string) bool
+
+var (
+	htpasswords   map[string]map[string]PasswordMatcher
+	htpasswordsMu sync.Mutex
+)
+
+// GetHtpasswdMatcher matches password rules.
+func GetHtpasswdMatcher(filename, username, siteRoot string) (PasswordMatcher, error) {
+	filename = filepath.Join(siteRoot, filename)
+	htpasswordsMu.Lock()
+	if htpasswords == nil {
+		htpasswords = make(map[string]map[string]PasswordMatcher)
+	}
+	pm := htpasswords[filename]
+	if pm == nil {
+		fh, err := os.Open(filename)
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("open %q: %v", filename, err)
+		}
+		defer fh.Close()
+		pm = make(map[string]PasswordMatcher)
+		if err = parseHtpasswd(pm, fh); err != nil {
+			return nil, fmt.Errorf("parsing htpasswd %q: %v", fh.Name(), err)
+		}
+		htpasswords[filename] = pm
+	}
+	htpasswordsMu.Unlock()
+	if pm[username] == nil {
+		return nil, fmt.Errorf("username %q not found in %q", username, filename)
+	}
+	return pm[username], nil
+}
+
+func parseHtpasswd(pm map[string]PasswordMatcher, r io.Reader) error {
+	scanner := bufio.NewScanner(r)
+	for scanner.Scan() {
+		line := strings.TrimSpace(scanner.Text())
+		if line == "" || strings.IndexByte(line, '#') == 0 {
+			continue
+		}
+		i := strings.IndexByte(line, ':')
+		if i <= 0 {
+			return fmt.Errorf("malformed line, no color: %q", line)
+		}
+		user, encoded := line[:i], line[i+1:]
+		for _, p := range basic.DefaultSystems {
+			matcher, err := p(encoded)
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+			if matcher != nil {
+				pm[user] = matcher.MatchesPassword
+				break
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return scanner.Err()
+}
+
+// PlainMatcher returns a PasswordMatcher that does a constant-time
+// byte comparison against the password passw.
+func PlainMatcher(passw string) PasswordMatcher {
+	// compare hashes of equal length instead of actual password
+	// to avoid leaking password length
+	passwHash := sha1.New()
+	passwHash.Write([]byte(passw))
+	passwSum := passwHash.Sum(nil)
+	return func(pw string) bool {
+		pwHash := sha1.New()
+		pwHash.Write([]byte(pw))
+		pwSum := pwHash.Sum(nil)
+		return subtle.ConstantTimeCompare([]byte(pwSum), []byte(passwSum)) == 1
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+package basicauth
+
+import (
+	"encoding/base64"
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+func TestBasicAuth(t *testing.T) {
+	var i int
+	// This handler is registered for tests in which the only authorized user is
+	// "okuser"
+	upstreamHandler := func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+		remoteUser, _ := r.Context().Value(httpserver.RemoteUserCtxKey).(string)
+		if remoteUser != "okuser" {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: expecting remote user 'okuser', got '%s'", i, remoteUser)
+		}
+		return http.StatusOK, nil
+	}
+	rws := []BasicAuth{
+		{
+			Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(upstreamHandler),
+			Rules: []Rule{
+				{Username: "okuser", Password: PlainMatcher("okpass"),
+					Resources: []string{"/testing"}, Realm: "Resources"},
+			},
+		},
+		{
+			Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(upstreamHandler),
+			Rules: []Rule{
+				{Username: "okuser", Password: PlainMatcher("okpass"),
+					Resources: []string{"/testing"}},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	type testType struct {
+		from     string
+		result   int
+		user     string
+		password string
+	}
+
+	tests := []testType{
+		{"/testing", http.StatusOK, "okuser", "okpass"},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "baduser", "okpass"},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "okuser", "badpass"},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "OKuser", "okpass"},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "OKuser", "badPASS"},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "", "okpass"},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "okuser", ""},
+		{"/testing", http.StatusUnauthorized, "", ""},
+	}
+
+	var test testType
+	for _, rw := range rws {
+		expectRealm := rw.Rules[0].Realm
+		if expectRealm == "" {
+			expectRealm = "Restricted" // Default if Realm not specified in rule
+		}
+		for i, test = range tests {
+			req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", test.from, nil)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Test %d: Could not create HTTP request: %v", i, err)
+			}
+			req.SetBasicAuth(test.user, test.password)
+
+			rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+			result, err := rw.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("Test %d: Could not ServeHTTP: %v", i, err)
+			}
+			if result != test.result {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected status code %d but was %d",
+					i, test.result, result)
+			}
+			if test.result == http.StatusUnauthorized {
+				headers := rec.Header()
+				if val, ok := headers["Www-Authenticate"]; ok {
+					if got, want := val[0], "Basic realm=\""+expectRealm+"\""; got != want {
+						t.Errorf("Test %d: Www-Authenticate header should be '%s', got: '%s'", i, want, got)
+					}
+				} else {
+					t.Errorf("Test %d: response should have a 'Www-Authenticate' header", i)
+				}
+			} else {
+				if req.Header.Get("Authorization") == "" {
+					// see issue #1508: https://github.com/mholt/caddy/issues/1508
+					t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected Authorization header to be retained after successful auth, but was empty", i)
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestMultipleOverlappingRules(t *testing.T) {
+	rw := BasicAuth{
+		Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(contentHandler),
+		Rules: []Rule{
+			{Username: "t", Password: PlainMatcher("p1"), Resources: []string{"/t"}},
+			{Username: "t1", Password: PlainMatcher("p2"), Resources: []string{"/t/t"}},
+		},
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		from   string
+		result int
+		cred   string
+	}{
+		{"/t", http.StatusOK, "t:p1"},
+		{"/t/t", http.StatusOK, "t:p1"},
+		{"/t/t", http.StatusOK, "t1:p2"},
+		{"/a", http.StatusOK, "t1:p2"},
+		{"/t/t", http.StatusUnauthorized, "t1:p3"},
+		{"/t", http.StatusUnauthorized, "t1:p2"},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", test.from, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Test %d: Could not create HTTP request %v", i, err)
+		}
+		auth := "Basic " + base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString([]byte(test.cred))
+		req.Header.Set("Authorization", auth)
+
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+		result, err := rw.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Test %d: Could not ServeHTTP %v", i, err)
+		}
+		if result != test.result {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d: Expected Header '%d' but was '%d'",
+				i, test.result, result)
+		}
+
+	}
+
+}
+
+func contentHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+	fmt.Fprintf(w, r.URL.String())
+	return http.StatusOK, nil
+}
+
+func TestHtpasswd(t *testing.T) {
+	htpasswdPasswd := "IedFOuGmTpT8"
+	htpasswdFile := `sha1:{SHA}dcAUljwz99qFjYR0YLTXx0RqLww=
+md5:$apr1$l42y8rex$pOA2VJ0x/0TwaFeAF9nX61`
+
+	htfh, err := ioutil.TempFile("", "basicauth-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Skipf("Error creating temp file (%v), will skip htpassword test")
+		return
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(htfh.Name())
+	if _, err = htfh.Write([]byte(htpasswdFile)); err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("write htpasswd file %q: %v", htfh.Name(), err)
+	}
+	htfh.Close()
+
+	for i, username := range []string{"sha1", "md5"} {
+		rule := Rule{Username: username, Resources: []string{"/testing"}}
+
+		siteRoot := filepath.Dir(htfh.Name())
+		filename := filepath.Base(htfh.Name())
+		if rule.Password, err = GetHtpasswdMatcher(filename, rule.Username, siteRoot); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("GetHtpasswdMatcher(%q, %q): %v", htfh.Name(), rule.Username, err)
+		}
+		t.Logf("%d. username=%q", i, rule.Username)
+		if !rule.Password(htpasswdPasswd) || rule.Password(htpasswdPasswd+"!") {
+			t.Errorf("%d (%s) password does not match.", i, rule.Username)
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package basicauth
+
+import (
+	"strings"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy.RegisterPlugin("basicauth", caddy.Plugin{
+		ServerType: "http",
+		Action:     setup,
+	})
+}
+
+// setup configures a new BasicAuth middleware instance.
+func setup(c *caddy.Controller) error {
+	cfg := httpserver.GetConfig(c)
+	root := cfg.Root
+
+	rules, err := basicAuthParse(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	basic := BasicAuth{Rules: rules}
+
+	cfg.AddMiddleware(func(next httpserver.Handler) httpserver.Handler {
+		basic.Next = next
+		basic.SiteRoot = root
+		return basic
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func basicAuthParse(c *caddy.Controller) ([]Rule, error) {
+	var rules []Rule
+	cfg := httpserver.GetConfig(c)
+
+	var err error
+	for c.Next() {
+		var rule Rule
+
+		args := c.RemainingArgs()
+
+		switch len(args) {
+		case 2:
+			rule.Username = args[0]
+			if rule.Password, err = passwordMatcher(rule.Username, args[1], cfg.Root); err != nil {
+				return rules, c.Errf("Get password matcher from %s: %v", c.Val(), err)
+			}
+		case 3:
+			rule.Resources = append(rule.Resources, args[0])
+			rule.Username = args[1]
+			if rule.Password, err = passwordMatcher(rule.Username, args[2], cfg.Root); err != nil {
+				return rules, c.Errf("Get password matcher from %s: %v", c.Val(), err)
+			}
+		default:
+			return rules, c.ArgErr()
+		}
+
+		// If nested block is present, process it here
+		for c.NextBlock() {
+			val := c.Val()
+			args = c.RemainingArgs()
+			switch len(args) {
+			case 0:
+				// Assume single argument is path resource
+				rule.Resources = append(rule.Resources, val)
+			case 1:
+				if val == "realm" {
+					if rule.Realm == "" {
+						rule.Realm = strings.Replace(args[0], `"`, `\"`, -1)
+					} else {
+						return rules, c.Errf("\"realm\" subdirective can only be specified once")
+					}
+				} else {
+					return rules, c.Errf("expecting \"realm\", got \"%s\"", val)
+				}
+			default:
+				return rules, c.ArgErr()
+			}
+		}
+
+		rules = append(rules, rule)
+	}
+
+	return rules, nil
+}
+
+func passwordMatcher(username, passw, siteRoot string) (PasswordMatcher, error) {
+	if !strings.HasPrefix(passw, "htpasswd=") {
+		return PlainMatcher(passw), nil
+	}
+	return GetHtpasswdMatcher(passw[9:], username, siteRoot)
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,164 @@
+package basicauth
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
+	c := caddy.NewTestController("http", `basicauth user pwd`)
+	err := setup(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Expected no errors, but got: %v", err)
+	}
+	mids := httpserver.GetConfig(c).Middleware()
+	if len(mids) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("Expected middleware, got 0 instead")
+	}
+
+	handler := mids[0](httpserver.EmptyNext)
+	myHandler, ok := handler.(BasicAuth)
+	if !ok {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected handler to be type BasicAuth, got: %#v", handler)
+	}
+
+	if !httpserver.SameNext(myHandler.Next, httpserver.EmptyNext) {
+		t.Error("'Next' field of handler was not set properly")
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBasicAuthParse(t *testing.T) {
+	htpasswdPasswd := "IedFOuGmTpT8"
+	htpasswdFile := `sha1:{SHA}dcAUljwz99qFjYR0YLTXx0RqLww=
+md5:$apr1$l42y8rex$pOA2VJ0x/0TwaFeAF9nX61`
+
+	var skipHtpassword bool
+	htfh, err := ioutil.TempFile(".", "basicauth-")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Logf("Error creating temp file (%v), will skip htpassword test", err)
+		skipHtpassword = true
+	} else {
+		if _, err = htfh.Write([]byte(htpasswdFile)); err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("write htpasswd file %q: %v", htfh.Name(), err)
+		}
+		htfh.Close()
+		defer os.Remove(htfh.Name())
+	}
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		input     string
+		shouldErr bool
+		password  string
+		expected  []Rule
+	}{
+		{`basicauth user pwd`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user"},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth user pwd {
+		}`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user"},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth /resource1 user pwd {
+		}`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user", Resources: []string{"/resource1"}},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth /resource1 user pwd {
+			realm Resources
+		}`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user", Resources: []string{"/resource1"}, Realm: "Resources"},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth user pwd {
+			/resource1
+			/resource2
+		}`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user", Resources: []string{"/resource1", "/resource2"}},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth user pwd {
+			/resource1
+			/resource2
+			realm "Secure resources"
+		}`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user", Resources: []string{"/resource1", "/resource2"}, Realm: "Secure resources"},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth user pwd {
+			/resource1
+			realm "Secure resources"
+			realm Extra
+			/resource2
+		}`, true, "pwd", []Rule{}},
+		{`basicauth user pwd {
+			/resource1
+			foo "Resources"
+			/resource2
+		}`, true, "pwd", []Rule{}},
+		{`basicauth /resource user pwd`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user", Resources: []string{"/resource"}},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth /res1 user1 pwd1
+		  basicauth /res2 user2 pwd2`, false, "pwd", []Rule{
+			{Username: "user1", Resources: []string{"/res1"}},
+			{Username: "user2", Resources: []string{"/res2"}},
+		}},
+		{`basicauth user`, true, "", []Rule{}},
+		{`basicauth`, true, "", []Rule{}},
+		{`basicauth /resource user pwd asdf`, true, "", []Rule{}},
+
+		{`basicauth sha1 htpasswd=` + htfh.Name(), false, htpasswdPasswd, []Rule{
+			{Username: "sha1"},
+		}},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		actual, err := basicAuthParse(caddy.NewTestController("http", test.input))
+
+		if err == nil && test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d didn't error, but it should have", i)
+		} else if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d errored, but it shouldn't have; got '%v'", i, err)
+		}
+
+		if len(actual) != len(test.expected) {
+			t.Fatalf("Test %d expected %d rules, but got %d",
+				i, len(test.expected), len(actual))
+		}
+
+		for j, expectedRule := range test.expected {
+			actualRule := actual[j]
+
+			if actualRule.Username != expectedRule.Username {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, rule %d: Expected username '%s', got '%s'",
+					i, j, expectedRule.Username, actualRule.Username)
+			}
+
+			if actualRule.Realm != expectedRule.Realm {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, rule %d: Expected realm '%s', got '%s'",
+					i, j, expectedRule.Realm, actualRule.Realm)
+			}
+
+			if strings.Contains(test.input, "htpasswd=") && skipHtpassword {
+				continue
+			}
+			pwd := test.password
+			if len(actual) > 1 {
+				pwd = fmt.Sprintf("%s%d", pwd, j+1)
+			}
+			if !actualRule.Password(pwd) || actualRule.Password(test.password+"!") {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, rule %d: Expected password '%v', got '%v'",
+					i, j, test.password, actualRule.Password(""))
+			}
+
+			expectedRes := fmt.Sprintf("%v", expectedRule.Resources)
+			actualRes := fmt.Sprintf("%v", actualRule.Resources)
+			if actualRes != expectedRes {
+				t.Errorf("Test %d, rule %d: Expected resource list %s, but got %s",
+					i, j, expectedRes, actualRes)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy.RegisterPlugin("bind", caddy.Plugin{
+		ServerType: "http",
+		Action:     setupBind,
+	})
+}
+
+func setupBind(c *caddy.Controller) error {
+	config := httpserver.GetConfig(c)
+	for c.Next() {
+		if !c.Args(&config.ListenHost) {
+			return c.ArgErr()
+		}
+		config.TLS.ListenHost = config.ListenHost // necessary for ACME challenges, see issue #309
+	}
+	return nil
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+package bind
+
+import (
+	"testing"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+func TestSetupBind(t *testing.T) {
+	c := caddy.NewTestController("http", `bind 1.2.3.4`)
+	err := setupBind(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected no errors, but got: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	cfg := httpserver.GetConfig(c)
+	if got, want := cfg.ListenHost, "1.2.3.4"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected the config's ListenHost to be %s, was %s", want, got)
+	}
+	if got, want := cfg.TLS.ListenHost, "1.2.3.4"; got != want {
+		t.Errorf("Expected the TLS config's ListenHost to be %s, was %s", want, got)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+// Package browse provides middleware for listing files in a directory
+// when directory path is requested instead of a specific file.
+package browse
+
+import (
+	"bytes"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path"
+	"sort"
+	"strconv"
+	"strings"
+	"text/template"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/dustin/go-humanize"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/staticfiles"
+)
+
+const (
+	sortByName         = "name"
+	sortByNameDirFirst = "namedirfirst"
+	sortBySize         = "size"
+	sortByTime         = "time"
+)
+
+// Browse is an http.Handler that can show a file listing when
+// directories in the given paths are specified.
+type Browse struct {
+	Next          httpserver.Handler
+	Configs       []Config
+	IgnoreIndexes bool
+}
+
+// Config is a configuration for browsing in a particular path.
+type Config struct {
+	PathScope string // the base path the URL must match to enable browsing
+	Fs        staticfiles.FileServer
+	Variables interface{}
+	Template  *template.Template
+}
+
+// A Listing is the context used to fill out a template.
+type Listing struct {
+	// The name of the directory (the last element of the path)
+	Name string
+
+	// The full path of the request
+	Path string
+
+	// Whether the parent directory is browsable
+	CanGoUp bool
+
+	// The items (files and folders) in the path
+	Items []FileInfo
+
+	// The number of directories in the listing
+	NumDirs int
+
+	// The number of files (items that aren't directories) in the listing
+	NumFiles int
+
+	// Which sorting order is used
+	Sort string
+
+	// And which order
+	Order string
+
+	// If ≠0 then Items have been limited to that many elements
+	ItemsLimitedTo int
+
+	// Optional custom variables for use in browse templates
+	User interface{}
+
+	httpserver.Context
+}
+
+// Crumb represents part of a breadcrumb menu.
+type Crumb struct {
+	Link, Text string
+}
+
+// Breadcrumbs returns l.Path where every element maps
+// the link to the text to display.
+func (l Listing) Breadcrumbs() []Crumb {
+	var result []Crumb
+
+	if len(l.Path) == 0 {
+		return result
+	}
+
+	// skip trailing slash
+	lpath := l.Path
+	if lpath[len(lpath)-1] == '/' {
+		lpath = lpath[:len(lpath)-1]
+	}
+
+	parts := strings.Split(lpath, "/")
+	for i := range parts {
+		txt := parts[i]
+		if i == 0 && parts[i] == "" {
+			txt = "/"
+		}
+		result = append(result, Crumb{Link: strings.Repeat("../", len(parts)-i-1), Text: txt})
+	}
+
+	return result
+}
+
+// FileInfo is the info about a particular file or directory
+type FileInfo struct {
+	Name    string
+	Size    int64
+	URL     string
+	ModTime time.Time
+	Mode    os.FileMode
+	IsDir   bool
+}
+
+// HumanSize returns the size of the file as a human-readable string
+// in IEC format (i.e. power of 2 or base 1024).
+func (fi FileInfo) HumanSize() string {
+	return humanize.IBytes(uint64(fi.Size))
+}
+
+// HumanModTime returns the modified time of the file as a human-readable string.
+func (fi FileInfo) HumanModTime(format string) string {
+	return fi.ModTime.Format(format)
+}
+
+// Implement sorting for Listing
+type byName Listing
+type byNameDirFirst Listing
+type bySize Listing
+type byTime Listing
+
+// By Name
+func (l byName) Len() int      { return len(l.Items) }
+func (l byName) Swap(i, j int) { l.Items[i], l.Items[j] = l.Items[j], l.Items[i] }
+
+// Treat upper and lower case equally
+func (l byName) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	return strings.ToLower(l.Items[i].Name) < strings.ToLower(l.Items[j].Name)
+}
+
+// By Name Dir First
+func (l byNameDirFirst) Len() int      { return len(l.Items) }
+func (l byNameDirFirst) Swap(i, j int) { l.Items[i], l.Items[j] = l.Items[j], l.Items[i] }
+
+// Treat upper and lower case equally
+func (l byNameDirFirst) Less(i, j int) bool {
+
+	// if both are dir or file sort normally
+	if l.Items[i].IsDir == l.Items[j].IsDir {
+		return strings.ToLower(l.Items[i].Name) < strings.ToLower(l.Items[j].Name)
+	}
+
+	// always sort dir ahead of file
+	return l.Items[i].IsDir
+}
+
+// By Size
+func (l bySize) Len() int      { return len(l.Items) }
+func (l bySize) Swap(i, j int) { l.Items[i], l.Items[j] = l.Items[j], l.Items[i] }
+
+const directoryOffset = -1 << 31 // = math.MinInt32
+func (l bySize) Less(i, j int) bool {
+	iSize, jSize := l.Items[i].Size, l.Items[j].Size
+
+	// Directory sizes depend on the filesystem implementation,
+	// which is opaque to a visitor, and should indeed does not change if the operator choses to change the fs.
+	// For a consistent user experience directories are pulled to the front…
+	if l.Items[i].IsDir {
+		iSize = directoryOffset
+	}
+	if l.Items[j].IsDir {
+		jSize = directoryOffset
+	}
+	// … and sorted by name.
+	if l.Items[i].IsDir && l.Items[j].IsDir {
+		return strings.ToLower(l.Items[i].Name) < strings.ToLower(l.Items[j].Name)
+	}
+
+	return iSize < jSize
+}
+
+// By Time
+func (l byTime) Len() int           { return len(l.Items) }
+func (l byTime) Swap(i, j int)      { l.Items[i], l.Items[j] = l.Items[j], l.Items[i] }
+func (l byTime) Less(i, j int) bool { return l.Items[i].ModTime.Before(l.Items[j].ModTime) }
+
+// Add sorting method to "Listing"
+// it will apply what's in ".Sort" and ".Order"
+func (l Listing) applySort() {
+	// Check '.Order' to know how to sort
+	if l.Order == "desc" {
+		switch l.Sort {
+		case sortByName:
+			sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(byName(l)))
+		case sortByNameDirFirst:
+			sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(byNameDirFirst(l)))
+		case sortBySize:
+			sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(bySize(l)))
+		case sortByTime:
+			sort.Sort(sort.Reverse(byTime(l)))
+		default:
+			// If not one of the above, do nothing
+			return
+		}
+	} else { // If we had more Orderings we could add them here
+		switch l.Sort {
+		case sortByName:
+			sort.Sort(byName(l))
+		case sortByNameDirFirst:
+			sort.Sort(byNameDirFirst(l))
+		case sortBySize:
+			sort.Sort(bySize(l))
+		case sortByTime:
+			sort.Sort(byTime(l))
+		default:
+			// If not one of the above, do nothing
+			return
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func directoryListing(files []os.FileInfo, canGoUp bool, urlPath string, config *Config) (Listing, bool) {
+	var (
+		fileinfos           []FileInfo
+		dirCount, fileCount int
+		hasIndexFile        bool
+	)
+
+	for _, f := range files {
+		name := f.Name()
+
+		for _, indexName := range staticfiles.IndexPages {
+			if name == indexName {
+				hasIndexFile = true
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		if f.IsDir() {
+			name += "/"
+			dirCount++
+		} else {
+			fileCount++
+		}
+
+		if config.Fs.IsHidden(f) {
+			continue
+		}
+
+		url := url.URL{Path: "./" + name} // prepend with "./" to fix paths with ':' in the name
+
+		fileinfos = append(fileinfos, FileInfo{
+			IsDir:   f.IsDir(),
+			Name:    f.Name(),
+			Size:    f.Size(),
+			URL:     url.String(),
+			ModTime: f.ModTime().UTC(),
+			Mode:    f.Mode(),
+		})
+	}
+
+	return Listing{
+		Name:     path.Base(urlPath),
+		Path:     urlPath,
+		CanGoUp:  canGoUp,
+		Items:    fileinfos,
+		NumDirs:  dirCount,
+		NumFiles: fileCount,
+	}, hasIndexFile
+}
+
+// ServeHTTP determines if the request is for this plugin, and if all prerequisites are met.
+// If so, control is handed over to ServeListing.
+func (b Browse) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+	// See if there's a browse configuration to match the path
+	var bc *Config
+	for i := range b.Configs {
+		if httpserver.Path(r.URL.Path).Matches(b.Configs[i].PathScope) {
+			bc = &b.Configs[i]
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	if bc == nil {
+		return b.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}
+
+	// Browse works on existing directories; delegate everything else
+	requestedFilepath, err := bc.Fs.Root.Open(r.URL.Path)
+	if err != nil {
+		switch {
+		case os.IsPermission(err):
+			return http.StatusForbidden, err
+		case os.IsExist(err):
+			return http.StatusNotFound, err
+		default:
+			return b.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		}
+	}
+	defer requestedFilepath.Close()
+
+	info, err := requestedFilepath.Stat()
+	if err != nil {
+		switch {
+		case os.IsPermission(err):
+			return http.StatusForbidden, err
+		case os.IsExist(err):
+			return http.StatusGone, err
+		default:
+			return b.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+		}
+	}
+	if !info.IsDir() {
+		return b.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}
+
+	// Do not reply to anything else because it might be nonsensical
+	switch r.Method {
+	case http.MethodGet, http.MethodHead:
+		// proceed, noop
+	case "PROPFIND", http.MethodOptions:
+		return http.StatusNotImplemented, nil
+	default:
+		return b.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}
+
+	// Browsing navigation gets messed up if browsing a directory
+	// that doesn't end in "/" (which it should, anyway)
+	u := *r.URL
+	if u.Path == "" {
+		u.Path = "/"
+	}
+	if u.Path[len(u.Path)-1] != '/' {
+		u.Path += "/"
+		http.Redirect(w, r, u.String(), http.StatusMovedPermanently)
+		return http.StatusMovedPermanently, nil
+	}
+
+	return b.ServeListing(w, r, requestedFilepath, bc)
+}
+
+func (b Browse) loadDirectoryContents(requestedFilepath http.File, urlPath string, config *Config) (*Listing, bool, error) {
+	files, err := requestedFilepath.Readdir(-1)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, false, err
+	}
+
+	// Determine if user can browse up another folder
+	var canGoUp bool
+	curPathDir := path.Dir(strings.TrimSuffix(urlPath, "/"))
+	for _, other := range b.Configs {
+		if strings.HasPrefix(curPathDir, other.PathScope) {
+			canGoUp = true
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Assemble listing of directory contents
+	listing, hasIndex := directoryListing(files, canGoUp, urlPath, config)
+
+	return &listing, hasIndex, nil
+}
+
+// handleSortOrder gets and stores for a Listing the 'sort' and 'order',
+// and reads 'limit' if given. The latter is 0 if not given.
+//
+// This sets Cookies.
+func (b Browse) handleSortOrder(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, scope string) (sort string, order string, limit int, err error) {
+	sort, order, limitQuery := r.URL.Query().Get("sort"), r.URL.Query().Get("order"), r.URL.Query().Get("limit")
+
+	// If the query 'sort' or 'order' is empty, use defaults or any values previously saved in Cookies
+	switch sort {
+	case "":
+		sort = sortByNameDirFirst
+		if sortCookie, sortErr := r.Cookie("sort"); sortErr == nil {
+			sort = sortCookie.Value
+		}
+	case sortByName, sortByNameDirFirst, sortBySize, sortByTime:
+		http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{Name: "sort", Value: sort, Path: scope, Secure: r.TLS != nil})
+	}
+
+	switch order {
+	case "":
+		order = "asc"
+		if orderCookie, orderErr := r.Cookie("order"); orderErr == nil {
+			order = orderCookie.Value
+		}
+	case "asc", "desc":
+		http.SetCookie(w, &http.Cookie{Name: "order", Value: order, Path: scope, Secure: r.TLS != nil})
+	}
+
+	if limitQuery != "" {
+		limit, err = strconv.Atoi(limitQuery)
+		if err != nil { // if the 'limit' query can't be interpreted as a number, return err
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	return
+}
+
+// ServeListing returns a formatted view of 'requestedFilepath' contents'.
+func (b Browse) ServeListing(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request, requestedFilepath http.File, bc *Config) (int, error) {
+	listing, containsIndex, err := b.loadDirectoryContents(requestedFilepath, r.URL.Path, bc)
+	if err != nil {
+		switch {
+		case os.IsPermission(err):
+			return http.StatusForbidden, err
+		case os.IsExist(err):
+			return http.StatusGone, err
+		default:
+			return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+		}
+	}
+	if containsIndex && !b.IgnoreIndexes { // directory isn't browsable
+		return b.Next.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}
+	listing.Context = httpserver.Context{
+		Root: bc.Fs.Root,
+		Req:  r,
+		URL:  r.URL,
+	}
+	listing.User = bc.Variables
+
+	// Copy the query values into the Listing struct
+	var limit int
+	listing.Sort, listing.Order, limit, err = b.handleSortOrder(w, r, bc.PathScope)
+	if err != nil {
+		return http.StatusBadRequest, err
+	}
+
+	listing.applySort()
+
+	if limit > 0 && limit <= len(listing.Items) {
+		listing.Items = listing.Items[:limit]
+		listing.ItemsLimitedTo = limit
+	}
+
+	var buf *bytes.Buffer
+	acceptHeader := strings.ToLower(strings.Join(r.Header["Accept"], ","))
+	switch {
+	case strings.Contains(acceptHeader, "application/json"):
+		if buf, err = b.formatAsJSON(listing, bc); err != nil {
+			return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
+
+	default: // There's no 'application/json' in the 'Accept' header; browse normally
+		if buf, err = b.formatAsHTML(listing, bc); err != nil {
+			return http.StatusInternalServerError, err
+		}
+		w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "text/html; charset=utf-8")
+
+	}
+
+	buf.WriteTo(w)
+
+	return http.StatusOK, nil
+}
+
+func (b Browse) formatAsJSON(listing *Listing, bc *Config) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
+	marsh, err := json.Marshal(listing.Items)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	_, err = buf.Write(marsh)
+	return buf, err
+}
+
+func (b Browse) formatAsHTML(listing *Listing, bc *Config) (*bytes.Buffer, error) {
+	buf := new(bytes.Buffer)
+	err := bc.Template.Execute(buf, listing)
+	return buf, err
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,455 @@
+package browse
+
+import (
+	"context"
+	"encoding/json"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httptest"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"sort"
+	"testing"
+	"text/template"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/staticfiles"
+)
+
+func TestSort(t *testing.T) {
+	// making up []fileInfo with bogus values;
+	// to be used to make up our "listing"
+	fileInfos := []FileInfo{
+		{
+			Name:    "fizz",
+			Size:    4,
+			ModTime: time.Now().AddDate(-1, 1, 0),
+		},
+		{
+			Name:    "buzz",
+			Size:    2,
+			ModTime: time.Now().AddDate(0, -3, 3),
+		},
+		{
+			Name:    "bazz",
+			Size:    1,
+			ModTime: time.Now().AddDate(0, -2, -23),
+		},
+		{
+			Name:    "jazz",
+			Size:    3,
+			ModTime: time.Now(),
+		},
+	}
+	listing := Listing{
+		Name:    "foobar",
+		Path:    "/fizz/buzz",
+		CanGoUp: false,
+		Items:   fileInfos,
+	}
+
+	// sort by name
+	listing.Sort = "name"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !sort.IsSorted(byName(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't name sorted: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// sort by size
+	listing.Sort = "size"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !sort.IsSorted(bySize(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't size sorted: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// sort by Time
+	listing.Sort = "time"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !sort.IsSorted(byTime(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't time sorted: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// sort by name dir first
+	listing.Sort = "namedirfirst"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !sort.IsSorted(byNameDirFirst(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't namedirfirst sorted: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// reverse by name
+	listing.Sort = "name"
+	listing.Order = "desc"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !isReversed(byName(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't reversed by name: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// reverse by size
+	listing.Sort = "size"
+	listing.Order = "desc"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !isReversed(bySize(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't reversed by size: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// reverse by time
+	listing.Sort = "time"
+	listing.Order = "desc"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !isReversed(byTime(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't reversed by time: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+
+	// reverse by name dir first
+	listing.Sort = "namedirfirst"
+	listing.Order = "desc"
+	listing.applySort()
+	if !isReversed(byNameDirFirst(listing)) {
+		t.Errorf("The listing isn't reversed by namedirfirst: %v", listing.Items)
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBrowseHTTPMethods(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpl, err := template.ParseFiles("testdata/photos.tpl")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("An error occurred while parsing the template: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	b := Browse{
+		Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+			return http.StatusTeapot, nil // not t.Fatalf, or we will not see what other methods yield
+		}),
+		Configs: []Config{
+			{
+				PathScope: "/photos",
+				Fs: staticfiles.FileServer{
+					Root: http.Dir("./testdata"),
+				},
+				Template: tmpl,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	for method, expected := range map[string]int{
+		http.MethodGet:     http.StatusOK,
+		http.MethodHead:    http.StatusOK,
+		http.MethodOptions: http.StatusNotImplemented,
+		"PROPFIND":         http.StatusNotImplemented,
+	} {
+		req, err := http.NewRequest(method, "/photos/", nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Test: Could not create HTTP request: %v", err)
+		}
+		ctx := context.WithValue(req.Context(), httpserver.OriginalURLCtxKey, *req.URL)
+		req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+
+		code, _ := b.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+		if code != expected {
+			t.Errorf("Wrong status with HTTP Method %s: expected %d, got %d", method, expected, code)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func TestBrowseTemplate(t *testing.T) {
+	tmpl, err := template.ParseFiles("testdata/photos.tpl")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("An error occurred while parsing the template: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	b := Browse{
+		Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+			t.Fatalf("Next shouldn't be called")
+			return 0, nil
+		}),
+		Configs: []Config{
+			{
+				PathScope: "/photos",
+				Fs: staticfiles.FileServer{
+					Root: http.Dir("./testdata"),
+					Hide: []string{"photos/hidden.html"},
+				},
+				Template: tmpl,
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/photos/", nil)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Test: Could not create HTTP request: %v", err)
+	}
+	ctx := context.WithValue(req.Context(), httpserver.OriginalURLCtxKey, *req.URL)
+	req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+
+	rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+	code, _ := b.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+	if code != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Fatalf("Wrong status, expected %d, got %d", http.StatusOK, code)
+	}
+
+	respBody := rec.Body.String()
+	expectedBody := `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Template</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+<h1>Header</h1>
+
+<h1>/photos/</h1>
+
+<a href="./test1/">test1</a><br>
+
+<a href="./test.html">test.html</a><br>
+
+<a href="./test2.html">test2.html</a><br>
+
+<a href="./test3.html">test3.html</a><br>
+
+</body>
+</html>
+`
+
+	if respBody != expectedBody {
+		t.Fatalf("Expected body: '%v' got: '%v'", expectedBody, respBody)
+	}
+
+}
+
+func TestBrowseJson(t *testing.T) {
+	b := Browse{
+		Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+			t.Fatalf("Next shouldn't be called")
+			return 0, nil
+		}),
+		Configs: []Config{
+			{
+				PathScope: "/photos/",
+				Fs: staticfiles.FileServer{
+					Root: http.Dir("./testdata"),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	}
+
+	//Getting the listing from the ./testdata/photos, the listing returned will be used to validate test results
+	testDataPath := filepath.Join("./testdata", "photos")
+	file, err := os.Open(testDataPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		if os.IsPermission(err) {
+			t.Fatalf("Os Permission Error")
+		}
+	}
+	defer file.Close()
+
+	files, err := file.Readdir(-1)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("Unable to Read Contents of the directory")
+	}
+	var fileinfos []FileInfo
+
+	for i, f := range files {
+		name := f.Name()
+
+		// Tests fail in CI environment because all file mod times are the same for
+		// some reason, making the sorting unpredictable. To hack around this,
+		// we ensure here that each file has a different mod time.
+		chTime := f.ModTime().UTC().Add(-(time.Duration(i) * time.Second))
+		if err := os.Chtimes(filepath.Join(testDataPath, name), chTime, chTime); err != nil {
+			t.Fatal(err)
+		}
+
+		if f.IsDir() {
+			name += "/"
+		}
+
+		url := url.URL{Path: "./" + name}
+
+		fileinfos = append(fileinfos, FileInfo{
+			IsDir:   f.IsDir(),
+			Name:    f.Name(),
+			Size:    f.Size(),
+			URL:     url.String(),
+			ModTime: chTime,
+			Mode:    f.Mode(),
+		})
+	}
+
+	// Test that sort=name returns correct listing.
+
+	listing := Listing{Items: fileinfos} // this listing will be used for validation inside the tests
+
+	tests := []struct {
+		QueryURL       string
+		SortBy         string
+		OrderBy        string
+		Limit          int
+		shouldErr      bool
+		expectedResult []FileInfo
+	}{
+		//test case 1: testing for default sort and  order and without the limit parameter, default sort is by name and the default order is ascending
+		//without the limit query entire listing will be produced
+		{"/?sort=name", "", "", -1, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 2: limit is set to 1, orderBy and sortBy is default
+		{"/?limit=1&sort=name", "", "", 1, false, listing.Items[:1]},
+		//test case 3 : if the listing request is bigger than total size of listing then it should return everything
+		{"/?limit=100000000&sort=name", "", "", 100000000, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 4 : testing for negative limit
+		{"/?limit=-1&sort=name", "", "", -1, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 5 : testing with limit set to -1 and order set to descending
+		{"/?limit=-1&order=desc&sort=name", "", "desc", -1, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 6 : testing with limit set to 2 and order set to descending
+		{"/?limit=2&order=desc&sort=name", "", "desc", 2, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 7 : testing with limit set to 3 and order set to descending
+		{"/?limit=3&order=desc&sort=name", "", "desc", 3, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 8 : testing with limit set to 3 and order set to ascending
+		{"/?limit=3&order=asc&sort=name", "", "asc", 3, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 9 : testing with limit set to 1111111 and order set to ascending
+		{"/?limit=1111111&order=asc&sort=name", "", "asc", 1111111, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 10 : testing with limit set to default and order set to ascending and sorting by size
+		{"/?order=asc&sort=size&sort=name", "size", "asc", -1, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 11 : testing with limit set to default and order set to ascending and sorting by last modified
+		{"/?order=asc&sort=time&sort=name", "time", "asc", -1, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 12 : testing with limit set to 1 and order set to ascending and sorting by last modified
+		{"/?order=asc&sort=time&limit=1&sort=name", "time", "asc", 1, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 13 : testing with limit set to -100 and order set to ascending and sorting by last modified
+		{"/?order=asc&sort=time&limit=-100&sort=name", "time", "asc", -100, false, listing.Items},
+		//test case 14 : testing with limit set to -100 and order set to ascending and sorting by size
+		{"/?order=asc&sort=size&limit=-100&sort=name", "size", "asc", -100, false, listing.Items},
+	}
+
+	for i, test := range tests {
+		var marsh []byte
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", "/photos"+test.QueryURL, nil)
+		if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d errored when making request, but it shouldn't have; got '%v'", i, err)
+		}
+		ctx := context.WithValue(req.Context(), httpserver.OriginalURLCtxKey, *req.URL)
+		req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+
+		req.Header.Set("Accept", "application/json")
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+		code, err := b.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+		if err == nil && test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d didn't error, but it should have", i)
+		} else if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d errored, but it shouldn't have; got '%v'", i, err)
+		}
+		if code != http.StatusOK {
+			t.Fatalf("In test %d: Wrong status, expected %d, got %d", i, http.StatusOK, code)
+		}
+		if rec.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type") != "application/json; charset=utf-8" {
+			t.Fatalf("Expected Content type to be application/json; charset=utf-8, but got %s ", rec.HeaderMap.Get("Content-Type"))
+		}
+
+		actualJSONResponse := rec.Body.String()
+		copyOflisting := listing
+		if test.SortBy == "" {
+			copyOflisting.Sort = "name"
+		} else {
+			copyOflisting.Sort = test.SortBy
+		}
+		if test.OrderBy == "" {
+			copyOflisting.Order = "asc"
+		} else {
+			copyOflisting.Order = test.OrderBy
+		}
+
+		copyOflisting.applySort()
+
+		limit := test.Limit
+		if limit <= len(copyOflisting.Items) && limit > 0 {
+			marsh, err = json.Marshal(copyOflisting.Items[:limit])
+		} else { // if the 'limit' query is empty, or has the wrong value, list everything
+			marsh, err = json.Marshal(copyOflisting.Items)
+		}
+
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Unable to Marshal the listing ")
+		}
+		expectedJSON := string(marsh)
+
+		if actualJSONResponse != expectedJSON {
+			t.Errorf("JSON response doesn't match the expected for test number %d with sort=%s, order=%s\nExpected response %s\nActual response = %s\n",
+				i+1, test.SortBy, test.OrderBy, expectedJSON, actualJSONResponse)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// "sort" package has "IsSorted" function, but no "IsReversed";
+func isReversed(data sort.Interface) bool {
+	n := data.Len()
+	for i := n - 1; i > 0; i-- {
+		if !data.Less(i, i-1) {
+			return false
+		}
+	}
+	return true
+}
+
+func TestBrowseRedirect(t *testing.T) {
+	testCases := []struct {
+		url        string
+		statusCode int
+		returnCode int
+		location   string
+	}{
+		{
+			"http://www.example.com/photos",
+			http.StatusMovedPermanently,
+			http.StatusMovedPermanently,
+			"http://www.example.com/photos/",
+		},
+		{
+			"/photos",
+			http.StatusMovedPermanently,
+			http.StatusMovedPermanently,
+			"/photos/",
+		},
+	}
+
+	for i, tc := range testCases {
+		b := Browse{
+			Next: httpserver.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) (int, error) {
+				t.Fatalf("Test %d - Next shouldn't be called", i)
+				return 0, nil
+			}),
+			Configs: []Config{
+				{
+					PathScope: "/photos",
+					Fs: staticfiles.FileServer{
+						Root: http.Dir("./testdata"),
+					},
+				},
+			},
+		}
+
+		req, err := http.NewRequest("GET", tc.url, nil)
+		if err != nil {
+			t.Fatalf("Test %d - could not create HTTP request: %v", i, err)
+		}
+		ctx := context.WithValue(req.Context(), httpserver.OriginalURLCtxKey, *req.URL)
+		req = req.WithContext(ctx)
+
+		rec := httptest.NewRecorder()
+
+		returnCode, _ := b.ServeHTTP(rec, req)
+		if returnCode != tc.returnCode {
+			t.Fatalf("Test %d - wrong return code, expected %d, got %d",
+				i, tc.returnCode, returnCode)
+		}
+
+		if got := rec.Code; got != tc.statusCode {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d - wrong status, expected %d, got %d",
+				i, tc.statusCode, got)
+		}
+
+		if got := rec.Header().Get("Location"); got != tc.location {
+			t.Errorf("Test %d - wrong Location header, expected %s, got %s",
+				i, tc.location, got)
+		}
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,481 @@
+package browse
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"net/http"
+	"text/template"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/staticfiles"
+)
+
+func init() {
+	caddy.RegisterPlugin("browse", caddy.Plugin{
+		ServerType: "http",
+		Action:     setup,
+	})
+}
+
+// setup configures a new Browse middleware instance.
+func setup(c *caddy.Controller) error {
+	configs, err := browseParse(c)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	b := Browse{
+		Configs:       configs,
+		IgnoreIndexes: false,
+	}
+
+	httpserver.GetConfig(c).AddMiddleware(func(next httpserver.Handler) httpserver.Handler {
+		b.Next = next
+		return b
+	})
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+func browseParse(c *caddy.Controller) ([]Config, error) {
+	var configs []Config
+
+	cfg := httpserver.GetConfig(c)
+
+	appendCfg := func(bc Config) error {
+		for _, c := range configs {
+			if c.PathScope == bc.PathScope {
+				return fmt.Errorf("duplicate browsing config for %s", c.PathScope)
+			}
+		}
+		configs = append(configs, bc)
+		return nil
+	}
+
+	for c.Next() {
+		var bc Config
+
+		// First argument is directory to allow browsing; default is site root
+		if c.NextArg() {
+			bc.PathScope = c.Val()
+		} else {
+			bc.PathScope = "/"
+		}
+
+		bc.Fs = staticfiles.FileServer{
+			Root: http.Dir(cfg.Root),
+			Hide: cfg.HiddenFiles,
+		}
+
+		// Second argument would be the template file to use
+		var tplText string
+		if c.NextArg() {
+			tplBytes, err := ioutil.ReadFile(c.Val())
+			if err != nil {
+				return configs, err
+			}
+			tplText = string(tplBytes)
+		} else {
+			tplText = defaultTemplate
+		}
+
+		// Build the template
+		tpl, err := template.New("listing").Parse(tplText)
+		if err != nil {
+			return configs, err
+		}
+		bc.Template = tpl
+
+		// Save configuration
+		err = appendCfg(bc)
+		if err != nil {
+			return configs, err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return configs, nil
+}
+
+// The default template to use when serving up directory listings
+const defaultTemplate = `<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+	<head>
+		<title>{{html .Name}}</title>
+		<meta charset="utf-8">
+		<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
+<style>
+* { padding: 0; margin: 0; }
+
+body {
+	font-family: sans-serif;
+	text-rendering: optimizespeed;
+}
+
+a {
+	color: #006ed3;
+	text-decoration: none;
+}
+
+a:hover,
+h1 a:hover {
+	color: #319cff;
+}
+
+header,
+#summary {
+	padding-left: 5%;
+	padding-right: 5%;
+}
+
+th:first-child,
+td:first-child {
+	padding-left: 5%;
+}
+
+th:last-child,
+td:last-child {
+	padding-right: 5%;
+}
+
+header {
+	padding-top: 25px;
+	padding-bottom: 15px;
+	background-color: #f2f2f2;
+}
+
+h1 {
+	font-size: 20px;
+	font-weight: normal;
+	white-space: nowrap;
+	overflow-x: hidden;
+	text-overflow: ellipsis;
+}
+
+h1 a {
+	color: inherit;
+}
+
+h1 a:hover {
+	text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+main {
+	display: block;
+}
+
+.meta {
+	font-size: 12px;
+	font-family: Verdana, sans-serif;
+	border-bottom: 1px solid #9C9C9C;
+	padding-top: 10px;
+	padding-bottom: 10px;
+}
+
+.meta-item {
+	margin-right: 1em;
+}
+
+#filter {
+	padding: 4px;
+	border: 1px solid #CCC;
+}
+
+table {
+	width: 100%;
+	border-collapse: collapse;
+}
+
+tr {
+	border-bottom: 1px dashed #dadada;
+}
+
+tbody tr:hover {
+	background-color: #ffffec;
+}
+
+th,
+td {
+	text-align: left;
+	padding: 10px 0;
+}
+
+th {
+	padding-top: 15px;
+	padding-bottom: 15px;
+	font-size: 16px;
+	white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+th a {
+	color: black;
+}
+
+th svg {
+	vertical-align: middle;
+}
+
+td {
+	font-size: 14px;
+}
+
+td:first-child {
+	width: 50%;
+}
+
+th:last-child,
+td:last-child {
+	text-align: right;
+}
+
+td:first-child svg {
+	position: absolute;
+}
+
+td .name,
+td .goup {
+	margin-left: 1.75em;
+	word-break: break-all;
+	overflow-wrap: break-word;
+	white-space: pre-wrap;
+}
+
+.icon {
+	margin-right: 5px;
+}
+
+.icon.sort {
+	display: inline-block;
+	width: 1em;
+	height: 1em;
+	position: relative;
+	top: .2em;
+}
+
+.icon.sort .top {
+	position: absolute;
+	left: 0;
+	top: -1px;
+}
+
+.icon.sort .bottom {
+	position: absolute;
+	bottom: -1px;
+	left: 0;
+}
+
+footer {
+	padding: 40px 20px;
+	font-size: 12px;
+	text-align: center;
+}
+
+@media (max-width: 600px) {
+	.hideable {
+		display: none;
+	}
+
+	td:first-child {
+		width: auto;
+	}
+
+	th:nth-child(2),
+	td:nth-child(2) {
+		padding-right: 5%;
+		text-align: right;
+	}
+}
+</style>
+	</head>
+	<body>
+		<svg version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" height="0" width="0" style="position: absolute;">
+			<defs>
+				<!-- Folder -->
+				<linearGradient id="f" y2="640" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x2="244.84" gradientTransform="matrix(.97319 0 0 1.0135 -.50695 -13.679)" y1="415.75" x1="244.84">
+					<stop stop-color="#b3ddfd" offset="0"/>
+					<stop stop-color="#69c" offset="1"/>
+				</linearGradient>
+				<linearGradient id="e" y2="571.06" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" x2="238.03" gradientTransform="translate(0,2)" y1="346.05" x1="236.26">
+					<stop stop-color="#ace" offset="0"/>
+					<stop stop-color="#369" offset="1"/>
+				</linearGradient>
+				<g id="folder" transform="translate(-266.06 -193.36)">
+					<g transform="matrix(.066019 0 0 .066019 264.2 170.93)">
+						<g transform="matrix(1.4738 0 0 1.4738 -52.053 -166.93)">
+							<path fill="#69c" d="m98.424 343.78c-11.08 0-20 8.92-20 20v48.5 33.719 105.06c0 11.08 8.92 20 20 20h279.22c11.08 0 20-8.92 20-20v-138.78c0-11.08-8.92-20-20-20h-117.12c-7.5478-1.1844-9.7958-6.8483-10.375-11.312v-5.625-11.562c0-11.08-8.92-20-20-20h-131.72z"/>
+							<rect rx="12.885" ry="12.199" height="227.28" width="366.69" y="409.69" x="54.428" fill="#369"/>
+							<path fill="url(#e)" d="m98.424 345.78c-11.08 0-20 8.92-20 20v48.5 33.719 105.06c0 11.08 8.92 20 20 20h279.22c11.08 0 20-8.92 20-20v-138.78c0-11.08-8.92-20-20-20h-117.12c-7.5478-1.1844-9.7958-6.8483-10.375-11.312v-5.625-11.562c0-11.08-8.92-20-20-20h-131.72z"/>
+							<rect rx="12.885" ry="12.199" height="227.28" width="366.69" y="407.69" x="54.428" fill="url(#f)"/>
+						</g>
+					</g>
+				</g>
+
+				<!-- File -->
+				<linearGradient id="a">
+					<stop stop-color="#cbcbcb" offset="0"/>
+					<stop stop-color="#f0f0f0" offset=".34923"/>
+					<stop stop-color="#e2e2e2" offset="1"/>
+				</linearGradient>
+				<linearGradient id="d" y2="686.15" xlink:href="#a" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" y1="207.83" gradientTransform="matrix(.28346 0 0 .31053 -608.52 485.11)" x2="380.1" x1="749.25"/>
+				<linearGradient id="c" y2="287.74" xlink:href="#a" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" y1="169.44" gradientTransform="matrix(.28342 0 0 .31057 -608.52 485.11)" x2="622.33" x1="741.64"/>
+				<linearGradient id="b" y2="418.54" gradientUnits="userSpaceOnUse" y1="236.13" gradientTransform="matrix(.29343 0 0 .29999 -608.52 485.11)" x2="330.88" x1="687.96">
+					<stop stop-color="#fff" offset="0"/>
+					<stop stop-color="#fff" stop-opacity="0" offset="1"/>
+				</linearGradient>
+				<g id="file" transform="translate(-278.15 -216.59)">
+					<g fill-rule="evenodd" transform="matrix(.19775 0 0 .19775 381.05 112.68)">
+						<path d="m-520.17 525.5v36.739 36.739 36.739 36.739h33.528 33.528 33.528 33.528v-36.739-36.739-36.739l-33.528-36.739h-33.528-33.528-33.528z" stroke-opacity=".36478" stroke-width=".42649" fill="#fff"/>
+						<g>
+							<path d="m-520.11 525.68v36.739 36.739 36.739 36.739h33.528 33.528 33.528 33.528v-36.739-36.739-36.739l-33.528-36.739h-33.528-33.528-33.528z" stroke-opacity=".36478" stroke="#000" stroke-width=".42649" fill="url(#d)"/>
+							<path d="m-386 562.42c-10.108-2.9925-23.206-2.5682-33.101-0.86253 1.7084-10.962 1.922-24.701-0.4271-35.877l33.528 36.739z" stroke-width=".95407pt" fill="url(#c)"/>
+							<path d="m-519.13 537-0.60402 134.7h131.68l0.0755-33.296c-2.9446 1.1325-32.692-40.998-70.141-39.186-37.483 1.8137-27.785-56.777-61.006-62.214z" stroke-width="1pt" fill="url(#b)"/>
+						</g>
+					</g>
+				</g>
+
+				<!-- Up arrow -->
+				<g id="up-arrow" transform="translate(-279.22 -208.12)">
+					<path transform="matrix(.22413 0 0 .12089 335.67 164.35)" stroke-width="0" d="m-194.17 412.01h-28.827-28.827l14.414-24.965 14.414-24.965 14.414 24.965z"/>
+				</g>
+
+				<!-- Down arrow -->
+				<g id="down-arrow" transform="translate(-279.22 -208.12)">
+					<path transform="matrix(.22413 0 0 -.12089 335.67 257.93)" stroke-width="0" d="m-194.17 412.01h-28.827-28.827l14.414-24.965 14.414-24.965 14.414 24.965z"/>
+				</g>
+			</defs>
+		</svg>
+
+		<header>
+			<h1>
+				{{range $i, $crumb := .Breadcrumbs}}<a href="{{html $crumb.Link}}">{{html $crumb.Text}}</a>{{if ne $i 0}}/{{end}}{{end}}
+			</h1>
+		</header>
+		<main>
+			<div class="meta">
+				<div id="summary">
+					<span class="meta-item"><b>{{.NumDirs}}</b> director{{if eq 1 .NumDirs}}y{{else}}ies{{end}}</span>
+					<span class="meta-item"><b>{{.NumFiles}}</b> file{{if ne 1 .NumFiles}}s{{end}}</span>
+					{{- if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}
+					<span class="meta-item">(of which only <b>{{.ItemsLimitedTo}}</b> are displayed)</span>
+					{{- end}}
+					<span class="meta-item"><input type="text" placeholder="filter" id="filter" onkeyup='filter()'></span>
+				</div>
+			</div>
+			<div class="listing">
+				<table aria-describedby="summary">
+					<thead>
+					<tr>
+						<th>
+							{{- if and (eq .Sort "namedirfirst") (ne .Order "desc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=namedirfirst&order=desc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}" class="icon"><svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#up-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else if and (eq .Sort "namedirfirst") (ne .Order "asc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=namedirfirst&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}" class="icon"><svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#down-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else}}
+							<a href="?sort=namedirfirst&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}" class="icon sort"><svg class="top" width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#up-arrow"></use></svg><svg class="bottom" width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#down-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- end}}
+							
+							{{- if and (eq .Sort "name") (ne .Order "desc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=name&order=desc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Name <svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#up-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else if and (eq .Sort "name") (ne .Order "asc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=name&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Name <svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#down-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else}}
+							<a href="?sort=name&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Name</a>
+							{{- end}}
+						</th>
+						<th>
+							{{- if and (eq .Sort "size") (ne .Order "desc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=size&order=desc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Size <svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#up-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else if and (eq .Sort "size") (ne .Order "asc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=size&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Size <svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#down-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else}}
+							<a href="?sort=size&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Size</a>
+							{{- end}}
+						</th>
+						<th class="hideable">
+							{{- if and (eq .Sort "time") (ne .Order "desc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=time&order=desc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Modified <svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#up-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else if and (eq .Sort "time") (ne .Order "asc")}}
+							<a href="?sort=time&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Modified <svg width="1em" height=".5em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 12.922194 6.0358899"><use xlink:href="#down-arrow"></use></svg></a>
+							{{- else}}
+							<a href="?sort=time&order=asc{{if ne 0 .ItemsLimitedTo}}&limit={{.ItemsLimitedTo}}{{end}}">Modified</a>
+							{{- end}}
+						</th>
+					</tr>
+					</thead>
+					<tbody>
+					{{- if .CanGoUp}}
+					<tr>
+						<td>
+							<a href="..">
+								<span class="goup">Go up</span>
+							</a>
+						</td>
+						<td>&mdash;</td>
+						<td class="hideable">&mdash;</td>
+					</tr>
+					{{- end}}
+					{{- range .Items}}
+					<tr class="file">
+						<td>
+							<a href="{{html .URL}}">
+								{{- if .IsDir}}
+								<svg width="1.5em" height="1em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 35.678803 28.527945"><use xlink:href="#folder"></use></svg>
+								{{- else}}
+								<svg width="1.5em" height="1em" version="1.1" viewBox="0 0 26.604381 29.144726"><use xlink:href="#file"></use></svg>
+								{{- end}}
+								<span class="name">{{html .Name}}</span>
+							</a>
+						</td>
+						{{- if .IsDir}}
+						<td data-order="-1">&mdash;</td>
+						{{- else}}
+						<td data-order="{{.Size}}">{{.HumanSize}}</td>
+						{{- end}}
+						<td class="hideable"><time datetime="{{.HumanModTime "2006-01-02T15:04:05Z"}}">{{.HumanModTime "01/02/2006 03:04:05 PM -07:00"}}</time></td>
+					</tr>
+					{{- end}}
+					</tbody>
+				</table>
+			</div>
+		</main>
+		<footer>
+			Served with <a rel="noopener noreferrer" href="https://caddyserver.com">Caddy</a>
+		</footer>
+		<script>
+			var filterEl = document.getElementById('filter');
+			function filter() {
+				var q = filterEl.value.trim().toLowerCase();
+				var elems = document.querySelectorAll('tr.file');
+				elems.forEach(function(el) {
+					if (!q) {
+						el.style.display = '';
+						return;
+					}
+					var nameEl = el.querySelector('.name');
+					var nameVal = nameEl.textContent.trim().toLowerCase();
+					if (nameVal.indexOf(q) !== -1) {
+						el.style.display = '';
+					} else {
+						el.style.display = 'none';
+					}
+				});
+			}
+
+			function localizeDatetime(e, index, ar) {
+				if (e.textContent === undefined) {
+					return;
+				}
+				var d = new Date(e.getAttribute('datetime'));
+				if (isNaN(d)) {
+					d = new Date(e.textContent);
+					if (isNaN(d)) {
+						return;
+					}
+				}
+				e.textContent = d.toLocaleString();
+			}
+			var timeList = Array.prototype.slice.call(document.getElementsByTagName("time"));
+			timeList.forEach(localizeDatetime);
+		</script>
+	</body>
+</html>`
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+package browse
+
+import (
+	"io/ioutil"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"strconv"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy"
+	"github.com/mholt/caddy/caddyhttp/httpserver"
+)
+
+func TestSetup(t *testing.T) {
+	tempDirPath := os.TempDir()
+	_, err := os.Stat(tempDirPath)
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("BeforeTest: Failed to find an existing directory for testing! Error was: %v", err)
+	}
+	nonExistentDirPath := filepath.Join(tempDirPath, strconv.Itoa(int(time.Now().UnixNano())))
+
+	tempTemplate, err := ioutil.TempFile(".", "tempTemplate")
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Fatalf("BeforeTest: Failed to create a temporary file in the working directory! Error was: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer os.Remove(tempTemplate.Name())
+
+	tempTemplatePath := filepath.Join(".", tempTemplate.Name())
+
+	for i, test := range []struct {
+		input             string
+		expectedPathScope []string
+		shouldErr         bool
+	}{
+		// test case #0 tests handling of multiple pathscopes
+		{"browse " + tempDirPath + "\n browse .", []string{tempDirPath, "."}, false},
+
+		// test case #1 tests instantiation of Config with default values
+		{"browse /", []string{"/"}, false},
+
+		// test case #2 tests detectaction of custom template
+		{"browse . " + tempTemplatePath, []string{"."}, false},
+
+		// test case #3 tests detection of non-existent template
+		{"browse . " + nonExistentDirPath, nil, true},
+
+		// test case #4 tests detection of duplicate pathscopes
+		{"browse " + tempDirPath + "\n browse " + tempDirPath, nil, true},
+	} {
+
+		c := caddy.NewTestController("http", test.input)
+		err := setup(c)
+		if err != nil && !test.shouldErr {
+			t.Errorf("Test case #%d received an error of %v", i, err)
+		}
+		if test.expectedPathScope == nil {
+			continue
+		}
+		mids := httpserver.GetConfig(c).Middleware()
+		mid := mids[len(mids)-1]
+		receivedConfigs := mid(nil).(Browse).Configs
+		for j, config := range receivedConfigs {
+			if config.PathScope != test.expectedPathScope[j] {
+				t.Errorf("Test case #%d expected a pathscope of %v, but got %v", i, test.expectedPathScope, config.PathScope)
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	// test case #6 tests startup with missing root directory in combination with default browse settings
+	controller := caddy.NewTestController("http", "browse")
+	cfg := httpserver.GetConfig(controller)
+
+	// Make sure non-existent root path doesn't return error
+	cfg.Root = nonExistentDirPath
+	err = setup(controller)
+
+	if err != nil {
+		t.Errorf("Test for non-existent browse path received an error, but shouldn't have: %v", err)
+	}
+}
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+<h1>Header</h1>
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+<title>Template</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+{{.Include "header.html"}}
+<h1>{{.Path}}</h1>
+{{range .Items}}
+<a href="{{.URL}}">{{.Name}}</a><br>
+{{end}}
+</body>
+</html>
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More